At the end of this course, students should be able to apply the main concepts of marketing, through key market indicators, regarding the development of a strategic and operational marketing plan.

P1. Evolution of the Marketing concept
P2. Marketing Plan
P2.1. Plan components and control
P2.2.Organizational structure
P3. Situational Analysis (offline and online)
P3.1. Market
P3.2. Consumer behaviour
P3.3. Market intelligence
P3.4. Competition analysis
P3.5. Company analysis
P3.6. Portfolio analysis
P3.7. SWOT analysis
P4. Segmentation and Targeting
P5. Positioning
P6. Marketing-mix (offline and online)
P6.1.Product
P6.2. Price
P6.3. Placement
P6.4. Promotion
P7. Future Trends in Marketing
P7.1 Digital Transformation
P7.2 The Role of Generative Artificial Intelligence in Marketing
P7.3 The Role of Marketing for a Sustainable Future

Assessment throughout the semester: Individual participation in class (15%); Individual discussion of the workgroup project: (20%); Workgroup report (10%); individual case studies (15%); Final individual exam (40%). Minimum grade in any of the components: 8 points. Minimum final grade: 10 points for final approval. Attendance to classes of at least 2/3 (less will exclude students from this evaluation scheme). Failure in the assessment throughout the semester will lead to two additional moments to pass, each worth 100% of the final grade.
A final above 16 may imply an additional oral examination.

At the end of this learning unit's term, the student must be able:

1. To explain the concept of time value of money, discounting and compounding and to be able to compare cash flows with different timetables;
2. To compute cash flows from applications and financing operations;
3. To characterize the organization of the main financial markets;
4. To compute currency and interest rate operations;
5. To describe the concept of business profitability and to compute and analyze the more relevant profitability ratios linking profitability with the firm's capital structure;
6. To analyze the financial condition of a firm and to compute and analyze the more relevant financial ratios;
7. To describe and compute de concept of working capital and to link it with the firm's financial condition;
8. To describe and compute the concept of cash flow in capital investment valuation;
9. To describe and compute the main valuation criteria used in capital investment analysis.

I - Time Value of Money
1. The concept of interest rate, consumption and saving
2. Nominal and real interest rate
3. Financial intermediation and risk
4. Simple and compounding interest
5. Discounting and compounding factors
6. Periodic/regular flows: rents
7. Applications and financing operations

II - Markets, Instruments and Financial Institutions
1. Foreign exchange market: the currency rate
2. Monetary market: the interest rate
3. Capital markets: primary and secondary markets
4. Financial Institutions
5. Financial information: sources and analysis

III - Financial Analysis
1. Economic and financial flows
2. Income and profitability ratios
3. Financial leverage
4. Sources and application of funds
5. Working capital
6. Solvency
7. Cash flow analysis

IV - Capital Investments
1. Typology of investments
2. The concept of the project's cash flow map
3. Valuation methodology
4. The discount rate
5. Valuation criteria: NPV, IRR, PI and PAYBACK

Assessment throughout the Semester:
There is no mandatory attendance.

There are 2 Tests:
1. Intermediate Test - worth 40% of the final grade, in person, and with no minimum grade. It covers points I and II of the Syllabus.
2. Final Test - worth 60% of the final grade, in person (at the same time as the First Period Exam), and with no minimum grade. It covers points III and IV of the Syllabus.

For the Intermediate Test and the Final Test, prior registration may be mandatory.

Assessment by exam:
Both the First Period and the Second Period Exams are each worth 100% of the final grade and are performed in person. Each one covers all the points on the Syllabus.

By the end of this course, students should:
LO1. Master vector and matrix language, using it to solve and classify systems of linear equations; calculate, interpret, and apply matrix determinants; calculate and interpret eigenvalues ​​and eigenvectors; diagonalize matrices; and apply these tools to classify quadratic forms.
LO2. Understand different perspectives for studying functions of more than one variable (descriptive, numerical, algebraic, and graphical), as well as the fundamental concepts of limit, continuity, and differentiability of these functions. Acquire familiarity with the calculation of partial derivatives and recognize the differences compared to calculations with functions of a single variable.
LO3. Recognize and solve optimization problems, both unconditioned and conditioned, involving functions of more than one variable; recognize and formulate a linear optimization problem and graphically determine its optimal solution, in the case of two variables.

PC1. Linear Algebra
- Systems of linear equations: Gaussian elimination. Classification of systems.
- Matrices and matrix algebra: Properties. Linear dependence and independence. Characteristic of a matrix. Gaussian elimination.
- Determinants: Definition, properties, and utility. Matrix inversion.
- Eigenvalues ​​and eigenvectors. Diagonalization.
- Quadratic forms.
PC2. Functions of more than one variable
- Functions defined in R^n.
- Limits and continuity. Partial derivatives.
- Tangent planes and linear approximations. Differentiability.
- The chain rule. Implicit differentiation.
- Directional derivatives and the gradient vector.
PC3. Optimization in R^n
- Free extrema in R^n: Local and absolute extrema. Hessian matrix.
- Constrained extrema in R^n: Lagrange multipliers.
- Linear programming: Graphical method. Economic interpretation.

Students may choose one of the following assessment methods:

(AS) Assessment throughout the semester, consisting of:
- 4 in-person mini-tests (20%), with the following rules:
- administered in class throughout the semester;
- The three best scores obtained in the four mini-tests (contributing 1/3 each) will be used to calculate the final grade in this component;
- Minimum score of 10.0 points based on the arithmetic average of the three best mini-tests.
- Final test (80%): written test administered in the first or second exam period, with a minimum score of 8.50 points.

(AE) Assessment by exam: written test (weighted 100%), administered in the first or second exam period of the assessment period.

1. The minimum passing grade for the course is 9.50 points, rounded up to a final grade of 10 points.
2. The Final Test and the Exam occur simultaneously, covering all the material.
3. A student will be excluded from the Assessment throughout the semester method and will automatically be transferred to the Assessment by Exam method if they obtain a grade lower than 10.0 on the average of the three best mini-tests.
4. If the grade obtained in the 1st or 2nd exam is higher than the Assessment throughout the semester method, the method automatically switches to Assessment by Exam method. (That is, the better of the two grades will count.)
5. Assessment during the special exam period only includes Assessment by Exam method.
6. Reseating students are subject to the same assessment methods, subject to the same rules.

LG1 - Understand and debate the fundamental concepts of management and organizations
LG2 - Identify and debate the issues of ethics, responsible managementa and sustainability in the various dimensions of management
LG3 - Identify and develop managerial competences
LG4 - Familiarize with global shifts that impact on management and organizations of the future

S1 - Managing and organizations
S2 - Ethics, responsible managment and sustainability
S3 - Managing individuals, groups and teams
S4 - Managing change and digital transition
S5 - Managing globalization

The assessment comprehends a group assignment (30%); and,
a final written test (70%).
Attendance record must be 80% or above.
Students may opt for a final written exam at the end of the period.

At the end of the course unit, each student should be able to:
LA1: Explain the role of financial accounting in the organizational context and in supporting management decision-making;
LA2: Identify and describe the elements and structure of the main financial statements;
LA3: Analyze the impact of investment, financing, and operational decisions on the different financial statements;
LA4: Apply the criteria for recogn., measurem., and derecogn. to assets relevant to business activities.

1 – ACCOUNTING AS THE LANGUAGE OF BUSINESS
Business and activities; Stakeholders; Role of accounting; IFRS vs SNC
2 – FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Full set; Purpose and inform; Integrated view; IFRS vs SNC
3 – STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
Elements and recogn. criteria; Structure, inform and transact.; IFRS vs SNC
4 – STATEMENT OF PROFIT OR LOSS AND OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
Elements; Structure, inform and transact.; Accrual basis; Revenue; IFRS vs SNC
5 – STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
Elements, structure and transact.; IFRS vs SNC
6 – PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT (PPE)
Concept and classification; Initial and subsequent recogn. and measurem.; Derecogn.; VAT impact; IFRS vs SNC
7 – INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Concept and classification; Initial and subsequent recogn. and measurem.; Derecogn.; VAT impact; IFRS vs SNC
8 – INVENTORIES
Concept and classification; Initial and subsequent recogn. and measurem.; Derecogn. and costing of outputs; VAT impact; IFRS vs SNC

The assessment process in this course unit is carried out through two distinct modalities, in accordance with the current Academic Regulations:
Assessment throughout the semester: includes three assessment instruments — a set of four (4) online mini-tests (15%, individual), one group assignment solved in class (15%), and a final test (70%). A minimum grade of 8.5 (out of 20) in the final test is required for approval. Students must attend at least two-thirds of the classes to be eligible for approval under this modality.
Final exam assessment: consists of a final exam with a weighting of 100%.
For all assessment purposes, the General Regulation for the Assessment of Knowledge and Skills (RGACC), the Regulation for Students with Special Status (REEE), and the Iscte Academic Code of Conduct shall apply.

On completion of this course the student should be able to:
LO1. Organize data and structured information, and use pivot tables (in a spreadsheet).
LO2. Develop functions that implement simple algorithms, using variables and control structures.
LO3. Manipulate simple classes and objects.
LO4: Create Python programs using structured data types: tuples, lists, dictionaries.
LO5: Use the numpy library to create and manipulate vectors and matrices.
LO6: Use the pandas library to create and manipulate data tables.
LO7: Read a file and manipulate its data.
LO8: Manipulate and visualize data graphically.

Introduction and Fundamentals
CP1. Data organization and pivot tables
CP2. Variables and control structures
CP3. Functions, invocation, and arguments
CP4. Procedures and input/output
CP5. Objects and object classes
CP6. Structured types of information: tuples, lists and dictionaries
CP7. NumPy library: vectors and matrices
CP8. Pandas library: main data structures, agregation, data management and graphical data visualization, pivot tables
CP9. Reading managemente of files

Assessment throughout the semester:
Group work (50%) – Project, mandatory, no minimum score.
Individual Test (50%) - Written test, mid-term, scheduled to be online, mandatory, with a minimum score of 7,5 (in 20).
Final exam (100%):
- Individual written exam, without consultation, encompassing all syllabus.
Takes the final exam - in season 1, 2 or special who doesn’t conclude the periodical assessment with an average score greater than or equal to 10 (out of 20).
Attendance is not a requirement for passing.

At the end of the course the student will learn:
LG1. - The concept of the derivative as a special type of limit and an essential tool to solve problems such as rates of change, optimization or approximation of functions by polynomials.
LG2. - The definite integral and its connection to differential calculus; the integration methods that allow integrating simpler functions, but also more complex functions; how to use the integral to, for instance, calculate areas between curves.
LG3. - What a differential equation is and its importance in mathematical modeling; to solve separable equations and to know about its application to population growth models.
LG4. - Series and their convergence; how to determine the convergence of geometric series, as well as use them to solve some real problems; the importance of series in the representation of functions as sums of infinite series and analyze phenomena by substituting a function for the first terms of the series that represents it.

CP1. Derivatives
Derivatives; the derivative as a function; the Chain Rule; implicit differentiation; inverse functions and their derivatives; linear and quadratic approximations; Taylor polynomials; applications of differentiation (rates of change in the Natural and Social Sciences, the Mean Value Theorem, L'Hôpital's rule)

CP2. Integrals
Introduction to integrals; antiderivatives; integration techniques; the definite integral, the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus and indefinite integrals; applications of integration (areas between curves, average value of a function, applications to economics)

CP3. Differential Equations
Modeling with differential equations; separable equations; models for population growth

CP4. Series
Sequences and series; geometric series and some convergence tests; applications of series in economics and finance

Students may choose one of the following assessment methods:

- (AS) Assessment throughout the semester:
- 4 in-class mini-tests (20\%), with the following rules:
- performed during theoretical classes throughout the classes period;
- the final grade for this component will consider the 3 highest grades out of the 4 mini-tests (each contributing 1/3);
- a minimum grade of 10.0 points (out of 20) in the average of the best three mini-tests is required.

- Final test (80%): written test performed in the 1st or 2nd examination period, with minimum grade of 8.50 points (out of 20).

- (EA) Exam Assessment: A final written Exam (with a weight of 100%), in the 1st or 2nd examination period.


1. The minimum passing grade for this course is 9.50 points (out of 20), rounded to a final grade of 10 points.

2. The Final Test and Exam occur simultaneously, covering the entire course material.

3. A student is excluded from the Assessment throughout the semester modality, automatically switching to the Exam Assessment modality, if the average of the three quizzes or the average of the best two mini-tests is less than 10.0 points (out of 20).

4. If the grade obtained in the Final Exam is greater than the grade obtained in the Assessment throughout the semester, then the modality automatically switches to Exam Assessment. (That is, the best of the two grades is the one that prevails.)

5. Evaluation during the special season (“época especial”) is performed exclusively through the
Exam Assessment modality.

6. Repeating students have the same assessment modalities, subject to the same rules.

7. Students may have to undertake an oral examination whenever the instructor deems it necessary.

After being approved in this course, students must be able to:
LG1: Understand the relevance of management accounting in organizations;
LG2: Apply cost allocation methods;
LG3: Identify the income effects of alternative cost accumulation systems;
LG4: Apply the basis of accounting information in decision making processes.
LG5: Explain the role of budgeting within the process of planning and the relationship between the long-range plan and the budgeting process.

1. Aims of management and cost accounting
2. An introduction to cost terms and purposes
3. Alternative cost accumulation systems, income and inventoryeffects
4. An introduction to cost-volume-profit analysis
5. Cost allocation
6. Job costing and process costing
7. Budgeting process and management control

1. Ongoing evaluation 50%: Attendance 5%; Exercises 5%; 2 midterm tests 20% each; Final test 50%;This system requires an attendance of at least 80%; minium mark average 7 between midterm tests; minim mark 8 in the final test. 2. Test otherwise it will fail; Normal and Special Exams. The pass grade is 10 (out of 20). Students with a grade between 8 and 10 (out of 20) have to do an oral exam. 3. Students with a final grade above 16 have to make an aditional examination.

By the end of the curricular unit the student should:
LO1. know the basic concepts of microeconomic theory;
LO2. understand the relevant modelling techniques;
LO3. use theoretical knowledge in the analysis of real markets;
LO4. combine the conceptual, mathematical and graphical approaches to solve specific problems.

S1. Introduction to markets: demand, supply and equilibrium.
S2. Consumer theory
The budget constraint and the set of feasible choices; preferences and utility; optimal choice; individual demand; market demand; elasticities; extensions to the rational consumer model.
S3. Producer theory
Technology and the production function in the short and in the long run, marginal productivities and scale returns; short and long run costs; profit maximization.
S4. Market structure
Perfect competition: assumptions; the individual supply curve and market supply; market equilibrium in the short and in the long run; consumer and producer surplus; the efficient market result; introduction to market failures.
Monopoly: the firm's choice; efficiency losses; natural monopolies; price discrimination.
Imperfect competition: basic game theory, Nash equilibrium; examples of oligopoly models; cartels and regulation.

Assessment throughout the semester includes the following elements:
- Two quizzes, each having a weight of 20%;
- Participation in class, including problem set resolution (10%); a minimum attendance level of 75% is required for exercise classes.
- Written exam at the end of the term (50%).*
*In order to get a positive grade in the course, the mark of the written exam cannot be below 8.5.

Students can opt to be assessed by a single final exam (100% of the grade).

OA1 - To be trained in the ethical and responsible use of Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools
OA2 - To acquire critical analysis skills on the results produced by Generative AI tools
OA3 - To be able to identify and develop creative solutions in solving ethically and socially complex problems with Generative AI
OA4 - To be able to apply Generative AI tools in the preparation of academic work, in particular in the application of academic writing and in the use of normative citation and referencing procedures.

CP1 - Introduction to AI and Generative AI:
* Theoretical exposition on the historical context, evolution and important concepts about Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Generative AI
CP2 - Prompt Engineering:
* Explanation of good practices for interacting with generative language models
CP3 - Generative AI Tools:
* Exploration of multiple Generative AI tools, based on text, images and videos
CP4 - Formation of argumentative content:
* Development of creative solutions using argumentation practices and Generative AI tools
CP5 - Rules for scientific writing:
* Application of citation and referencing standards (APA standards) in academic writing

The Semester-Long Assessment includes the following activities:
1. Individual Activities (50%)
1.1 Prompt Simulations with AI Tools in an Academic Context (20%):
* Description: The student must create a clear/justified, well-structured prompt, according to the script proposed by the instructor in class.
* Assessment: (submit in Moodle), communication and teamwork skills based on the quality of the prompt simulations performed.
1.2 Oral Defense - Group Presentation - 5 min. Discussion - 5 min. (30%):
* Description: Each student must present their contributions to the work completed to the class.
* Assessment: After the student's presentation, there will be a question-and-answer session.
2. Group Activities (50%) [students are organized into groups of up to 5 students, randomly selected], which include:
* Group presentations, reviews, edits, and validations of AI-generated content. The assessment (to be submitted in Moodle) includes gathering relevant information, assessing the clarity and innovative nature of the use of structured prompts.
* Development of strategies for reviewing, editing, and validating AI-generated content. Students will be asked to critically evaluate and reflect on the ethical challenges of integrating AI into an academic environment. The assessment (to be submitted in Moodle) will consist of correcting the work based on the accuracy and quality of the reviews and edits, as well as student participation in providing feedback to their peers.
* Final Project Presentation Simulations, where groups choose a topic and create a fictitious project following the structure of a technical report or scientific text. They present their project in class (5 min.) and discuss the topic (5 min.). The assessment (to be submitted in Moodle) will consider the organization, content, correct use of the structure, and procedures of the academic work.

General Considerations:
Feedback on student performance in each activity will be provided during the Semester Assessment.
To be assessed throughout the semester, students must attend 80% of classes and achieve a score of at least 7 points in each assessment.
If there are questions about participation in the activities, the instructor may request an oral discussion.
The group must ensure that at least one computer is available for each group to allow for classroom activities.
There will be no final exam assessment; passing will be determined by the weighted average of the assessments throughout the semester. Assessments in the second and special assessment periods will have an alternative assessment method, so any students wishing to take the assessment in these assessment periods should contact their instructor in advance to learn about the assessment procedure.

LO1. Develop skills in identifying and understanding the basic processes of scientific research.
LO2. Know, identify and summarise the essential elements of a scientific article.
LO3. Identify the structure of writing in research papers and technical reports. LO4. Know how to use APA Standards in scientific writing and academic reports (standards for dissertations and theses at Iscte-IUL).
The learning objectives will be achieved through practical and reflective activities, supported by the active and participatory teaching method which favours experiential learning. Classes will consist of activities such as:
- Group discussions;
- Oral presentation and defence;
- Analysing texts;
- Project presentations;
- Individual reflection.

CP1: Introduction to scientific research: concepts and processes. Research questions. Processes: stages (Identifying the problem; Reviewing the literature; Defining objectives and hypotheses; Selecting the methodology; Collecting data; Analysing data; Conclusions and recommendations).
CP2: Techniques for summarising and analysing scientific articles. Identifying relevant sources, evaluating the literature and synthesising information. Ethics, informed consent, confidentiality and integrity in research. Data collection methods.
CP3: Structure and organisation of research papers: pre-textual elements (cover, title page, abstract, keywords, table of contents), textual elements (introduction, literature review, methodology, results, discussion) and post-textual elements (conclusion, references, appendices, annexes). Preparation of a structure based on topics provided by the lecturer.
CP4: Application of APA Standards in scientific writing and academic reports.

The assessment of the course aims to gauge the students' acquisition of skills in essential aspects of writing texts in an academic context. Assessment throughout the semester includes activities covering different aspects of the technical and scientific writing process, including group and individual work activities:
Group activities (70%) [students are organized into groups of 4, randomly selected].
1- Group discussions with case studies (20%):
Description: each group is given a case study to analyze, and must identify the type of text; the research problem(s), hypotheses, methodologies used and data sources. The results of their work are presented in class to their colleagues (Time/group: presentation - 3 min; debate - 5 min).
Assessment (oral): based on active participation, the quality of the analysis and the clarity of the presentation.
2 - Research exercises and application of APA standards (20%).
Description: Students carry out practical research exercises in a (thematic) context on bibliographical references, their formatting and citation according to APA Norms. Assessment (written work to be submitted on Moodle): The exercises will be corrected and assessed on the basis of accuracy and compliance with APA Standards.
3 - Project Presentation Simulations (30%):
Description: groups choose a topic and create a fictitious project following the structure of a technical report or scientific text, making a presentation of their project in class (Time/group: presentation 3 min.; debate: 5 min.). The work is then reviewed following the comments.
Assessment: (Oral component and written/digital content to be submitted on Moodle): organization, content, correct use of the structure and procedures of academic work, ability to answer questions posed by colleagues and the teacher.
Individual activities (30%):
1 - Summary of a scientific article (20%).
Description: Each student must read and summarize a scientific article.
Assessment: The summaries made in class will be assessed on their ability to identify and summarize the essential elements of the text.
2 - Participation in activities throughout the semester (10%).
Description: This component aims to assess the specific contributions of each student in the activities carried out throughout the semester. Assessment: Interventions in the classroom; relevance of the student's specific contributions to debates; collaborative relationship with colleagues. In order to be assessed throughout the semester, the student must be present at 80% of the classes and have more than 7 (seven) marks in each of the assessments. If there are doubts about participation in the activities carried out, the teacher may request an oral discussion.
Final assessment: In-person written test (100%).

LO1. Develop specific oral communication skills for public presentations.
LO2. Know and identify strategies for effective use of the vocal apparatus.
LO3. Identify and improve body expression. LO4. Learn performance techniques.
The learning objectives will be achieved through practical and reflective activities, supported by an active and participatory teaching method that emphasizes experiential learning. The knowledge acquired involves both theatrical theory and specific oral communication techniques. Students will learn about the fundamentals of vocal expression, character interpretation and improvisation, adapting this knowledge to the context of public performances.

PC1. Preparing for a presentation.
PC2. Non-verbal communication techniques.
PC3. Voice and body communication, audience involvement. PC4. Presentation practice and feedback. The learning objectives will be achieved through practical and reflective activities, supported by the active and participatory teaching method which emphasizes experiential learning. Classes will consist of activities such as: Theatrical experiences and group discussions; Practical activities; Presentations and exhibitions of autonomous work; Individual reflection.

The assessment of the Public Presentations with Theatrical Techniques course aims to gauge the development of students' skills in essential aspects of public presentations. The assessment structure includes activities covering different aspects of the experiential learning process involving both theatrical techniques and specific communication techniques.
Assessment throughout the semester includes activities covering different aspects of the process of preparing a public presentation, including group and individual work activities:
Group activities (50%) [students are challenged to perform in groups of up to 5 elements, made up randomly according to each activity proposal].
1-Practical Presentations: Students will be assessed on the basis of their public presentations throughout the semester:
Description: each group receives a presentation proposal and must identify the elements of the activity and act in accordance with the objective.
The results of their work are presented in class to their colleagues (Time/group: presentation - 5 to 10 min.; reflection - 5 min.). Assessment (oral): based on active participation, organization of ideas and objectivity in communication, vocal and body expression, the use of theatrical techniques and performance. Presentations may be individual or group, depending on the proposed activities.
Individual activities (50%)
1-Exercises and Written Assignments (Autonomous Work):
Description: In addition to the practical presentations, students will be asked to carry out exercises and written tasks related to the content covered in each class. These activities include reflecting on techniques learned, creating a vision board, analyzing academic objectives, student self-assessment throughout the semester, answering theoretical questions and writing presentation scripts.
Assessment: (Oral component and written content), organization, content, correct use of the structure and procedures of the autonomous work proposed in each class, ability to answer questions posed by colleagues and the teacher. Communication skills and the quality of written work will be assessed, with a focus on clarity of presentation. These activities will help to gauge conceptual understanding of the content taught.
There will be no assessment by final exam, and approval will be determined by the weighted average of the assessments throughout the semester.
General considerations: in the assessment, students will be given feedback on their performance in each activity.
To complete the course in this mode, the student must attend 80% of the classes. The student must have more than 7 (seven) points in each of the assessments to be able to remain in evaluation in the course of the semester.

LO1: Develop the essential skills, knowledge, and tools to observe, describe, and understand the context and phenomena influencing communication.
LO2: Develop the skills to communicate effectively in multicultural contexts.
LO3: Use the skills in practical situations through oral and written communication.
LO4: Employ communication skills proactively, considering individual roles, behavioral types, and resources used during communication.

PC1: Multiple contexts that initiate and disrupt the communication process, implicit and explicit norms, as well as communication constraints across different contexts.
PC2: Ethnomethodology of the communication process, interpretation based on linguistic, paralinguistic, non-linguistic, and contextual information within oral communication.
PC3: Observation of verbal and non-verbal communication: analyzing gestures, posture, facial expressions, and eye contact (key elements of interactive communication that reinforce or replace oral communication).
PC4: The relevance of active listening in communication across multiple cultural contexts (interpreting and analyzing the phenomena).

Assessment throughout the semester:

Class participation: Evaluates the presence, involvement, and individual contributions of students in discussions and practical activities (20%).

Group work: Students are organised into groups of up to 4 members, randomly assigned, with the support of the lecturer.
• Description: Group activities focus on the observation, interpretation, and analysis of phenomena that encompass the rules, norms, and constraints of communicative activity in a practical study, using the learned content.

• Assessment: Quality of written productions and oral presentations of the developed work (active listening), which must necessarily incorporate comments provided by classmates and the lecturer during the presentations (40%).

Individual work (with consultation, to be carried out in person, in the classroom, according to the evaluation schedule):
• Description: According to a guide defined by the lecturer, comments made in the classroom are deepened in an individual report based on two presentations made by other colleagues.

• Assessment: According to the guide; explicit integration of elements outlined in the learning objectives (40%).

To complete the course unit through continuous assessment, students must not score less than 7 in any of the assessment components, including mandatory attendance of 75% of classes. The final assessment may involve an oral discussion of the work.

Final assessment:
Although not recommended, students may opt for final assessment through written work according to a prompt that will be provided by the lecturer. The final assessment of the work involves ants oral discussion with a panel of lecturers (100%).

At the end of the course, students should be able to:

LO1: Import and validate data effectively;
LO2: Use statistical and logical functions for complex data analysis;
LO3: Identify and correct error messages using information functions;
LO4: Manipulating dates and text to solve specific problems;
LO5: Apply custom formatting and advanced filters to organize data;
LO6: Use query and reference functions to consolidate data from different sources;
LO7: Create and interpret dynamic tables and graphs to present data;
LO8: Develop and use command macros for task automation.

These objectives ensure that students acquire advanced knowledge, practical skills, and technical competencies to use Excel effectively in demanding professional contexts.

SYL1. Data import and validation
SYL2. Statistical functions
SYL3. Logical functions
SYL4. Error messages and information functions
SYL5. Date Functions and Arithmetic
SYL6. Text manipulation functions
SYL7. Custom formatting and advanced filters
SYL8. Query and reference functions
SYL9. Consolidation, pivot charts, and graphs
SYL10. Introduction to macros

The evaluation process in the Advanced Excel course unit follows the guidelines of the General Regulation for the Assessment of Knowledge and Skills (RGACC). The evaluation modalities provided for in the RGACC are evaluation throughout the semester and evaluation by exam:

1. Evaluation Throughout the Semester: This modality is regular during the curricular period, using different instruments of continuous and formative assessment:

1.1. Participation and Attendance (20%):

1.1.1. Attendance (30%): The minimum attendance is 80% (5 classes). The student must automatically register their attendance with their student card at the beginning of each lesson.

1.1.2. Participation (70%):
- Individual practical exercises to be carried out in class (50%), such as online quizzes in Moodle and/or exercises using Excel;
- Individual practical exercises to be carried out at home (50%) using Excel.

1.2. Online Course (10%): Completion of the Advanced Excel online course, including quizzes after each module. The student must complete the online course by 11:59 pm on the day before the 6th class of the shift in which the student is enrolled, including the response to the survey available after completing the online course.

1.3. Individual Assessment Test (70%): It takes place in the 6th class, and multiple-choice questions and/or exercises using Excel may be considered. If the test is made available via Moodle, it must be taken on the computers available in the classroom.

2. Evaluation by Exam: Evaluation by exam takes place during the evaluation period, focusing on all the subjects taught in the UC. The student can opt for the 1st or 2nd exam season or the special exam season, which is only available for eligible students. This method only presupposes the following element of evaluation:

2.1. Written Test (100%): Final written exam, covering all syllabus, and may consider multiple-choice questions and/or exercises using Excel. If the exam is made available via Moodle, it must be taken on the computers available in the classroom.

Requirements for Taking the Exam:
- Completion of the online course, as described in point 1.b., by 11:59 p.m. on the day before the exam. The completion of the online course is mandatory but is not weighted in the final grade in the exam evaluation modality;
- Prior registration for the exam up to 48 hours before the date with the SGE or available platforms.

General Observations:
- In the evaluation modality throughout the semester, the student cannot have a classification lower than 7.0 values in any of the evaluation elements or will have to move on to the evaluation modality by exam;
- The teacher reserves the right to request that any student perform an oral test, regardless of the type of evaluation, whenever it is considered necessary to complement the other evaluation elements.

By the end of the course unit, students should be able to:

OA1: Enhance the ability to recognize and value personal resources of technical and interpersonal knowledge.

OA2: Gain a comprehensive understanding of the procedures and settings involved in job searching.

OA3: Develop proficiency in crafting a formal application process for a professional role.

The attainment of these learning outcomess will be facilitated through a combination of practical and reflective activities, underpinned by an active and participatory teaching methodology that prioritizes experiential learning. The course sessions will incorporate a diverse range of activities, including:
• Engaging in Group Discussions;
• Participating in Simulations;
• Analyzing Case Studies;
• Critically Evaluating Videos and Texts;
• Presenting Projects;
• Engaging in Individual Reflection.

S1. Personal Resource Identification & Labour Market participation
- Self-assess skills & interests: identifying strengths, areas for improvement and transferable skills.
- Develop personalized career plan: aligned with objectives, interests and opportunities..

S2. The Labor Market:
- Understanding labor market dynamics, trends, and sectors to make informed professional decisions.
- Recognizing the dignified work principles
- Identifying and exploring job search platforms.

S3.Constructing a Professional Profile:
- Creating a public profile: build CV & network of contacts through networking events, online communities, and industry associations.
- Planning the application process: from identifying opportunities to preparing for interviews.
- Maintain and update online professional profiles and networks regularly to reflect ongoing development and achievements.

The assessment for the course unit Skills for the Labour Market aims to evaluate students’ development of key competences essential for a successful transition into the world of work.

Assessment throughout the semester is structured around two main thematic strands, each addressing critical aspects of the job search process and professional development:

Thematic strands:
Block 1 – Self-awareness and professional profile preparation:
- Identifying professional skills, interests, and values
- Self-assessment tools and skills portfolio development
- Drafting a Curriculum Vitae and cover/motivation letter

Block 2 – Navigating the labour market
- Current trends and dynamics of the labour market
- Digital platforms and professional networking
- Simulation of job interviews and group assessment exercises

Assessment components and weighting:
Assessment throughout the semester includes three main components, with a strong focus on applied skill development:
1) Individual Portfolio (60%)
Includes: a) Career plan; b) CV and cover letter; c) Professional profile creation; d) Final reflective report.
Objectives: To identify strengths and areas for development, including technical and interpersonal skills; to prepare a clear, concise, and targeted CV and cover letter tailored to specific vacancies; to create a complete and professional online profile; and to devise strategies for expanding and diversifying a professional network aligned with career goals.

2) Group Simulation (30%)
Participation in a simplified simulation of job interviews and group dynamics.
Objectives: To develop communication, teamwork, problem-solving and adaptability skills, with a focus on collaboration, clear expression, creative solutions, and flexibility. The job interview simulation will allow students to practise verbal and non-verbal communication, posture, answering strategies, and highlighting strengths and motivation for the position.

3) Active Participation (10%)
Includes attendance, engagement in activities, and timely completion of assigned tasks.

General Considerations: Personalised feedback will be provided throughout the semester on each assessed activity. To complete the course unit through assessment throughout the semester, students must attend at least 75% of the classes and obtain no less than 7 (out of 20) in any component.

Final Assessment (100%)
Although not recommended, students may opt for a final assessment through a written exam. If the student scores above 8 in the written component, an oral discussion may be required at the lecturer’s discretion (this oral component will weigh 40% of the final grade, if conducted).

By the end of the course, students should be able to:
LO1: Identify argumentative structures and recognize informal fallacies.
LO2: Apply the Six Thinking Hats methodology to critical analysis and problem-solving scenarios.
LO3: Mobilize divergent and convergent thinking, integrating data, emotions, risks, opportunities, and creativity.
LO4: Collaborate in parallel thinking tasks, managing different modes of reasoning.
LO5: Critically evaluate decisions and arguments based on a structured and multidimensional thinking approach.

Course Content
CC1: Definition and importance of Critical Thinking (CT)
CC2: Basic structure of an argument: premises and conclusion
Examples of simple and complex arguments
CC3: Methods for argument analysis
CC4: Logical fallacies and common reasoning errors
CC5: Criteria for evaluating the quality of arguments
CC6: Argument construction
CC7: Practical applications of CT
CC8: Lateral thinking and the foundations of the Six Thinking Hats model
CC9: Practical applications of each hat: data (white), emotions (red), risks (black), benefits (yellow), creativity (green), thought management (blue)
CC10: Parallel thinking dynamics in academic, professional, and ethical contexts; integration of argumentative methodologies and the Six Hats in simulations, debates, and written exercises

Assessment throughout the semester includes presentations, exercises, debates, readings, and case discussions (in small groups).
Active participation in practical sessions is expected and evaluated according to the following criteria:
Attendance and participation – In-class exercises and group debates (minimum 80% attendance): 20%
Homework assignments – Two tasks: one worth 5%, the other 10%: 15%
Individual essay applying the Six Thinking Hats to a real dilemma or situation: 30%
Final critical reflection, integrating course dimensions and articulating argumentative and parallel thinking: 35%
To successfully complete the assessment throughout the semester, students cannot score less than 7 points in any of the evaluation components listed.
Exam Periods
Written Work - 100%
Although not recommended, it is possible to choose assessment by exam; this assessment may also involve, at the teacher's discretion, an oral discussion (this oral component carries a weight of 40% in the final evaluation).

LO1. Acquiring knowledge about the fundamentals and stages of the Design Thinking process
LO2. Develop skills such as critical thinking, collaboration, empathy and creativity.
LO3. To apply Design Thinking in problem solving in several areas, promoting innovation and continuous improvement.

S1. Introduction to Design Thinking and Stage 1: Empathy (3h)
S2. Steps 2 and 3: Problem Definition and Ideation (3h)
S3. Step 4: Prototyping (3h)
S4. Step 5: Testing and application of Design Thinking in different areas (3h)

Semester-long Assessment Mode:

• Class participation (20%): Evaluates students' presence, involvement, and contribution in class discussions and activities.

• Individual work (40%): Students will develop an individual project applying Design Thinking to solve a specific problem. They will be evaluated on the application of the stages of Design Thinking, the quality of the proposed solutions, and creativity.

• Group work (40%): Students will form groups to develop a joint project, applying Design Thinking to solve a real challenge. Evaluation will be based on the application of the steps of Design Thinking, the quality of the solutions, and collaboration among group members.

To complete the course in the Semester-long Assessment mode, the student must attend at least 75% of the classes and must not score less than 7 marks in any of the assessment components. The strong focus on learning through practical and project activities means that this course does not include a final assessment mode.

1. Financial Analysis of Investment Projects, comprising capital budgeting, forecasting cash flows, and criteria such as Payback Period, NPV, IRR) and Profitability Index.
2. Robustness Analysis of a project, identifying its drivers, through a series of complementary tests.
3. Identify the main Types of Financing for a project.
4. Establish a relationship between Valuation of a project and its Capital Structure.
5. Knowledge of the main methods of valuation of Companies, such as the Discounted Free Cash Flow (FCFF, FCFE), Multiples, and Economic Value Added (EVA, MVA).
6. Understand what is meant by cash management and identify sources and uses of short term funds. Understand the financial impact of working capital decisions

I - The Capital Budgeting Decision
1. Cash Flow Estimation.
2. Criteria for Investment Selection.
3. Choosing among projects with Different Lives.
4. Sensitivity Analysis, Scenario Analysis, Breakeven Analysis.
5. Decision Tree Analysis.

II - Long-Term Types of Financing
1. Equity
2. Debt

III - Capital Structure
1. The Irrelevance of Capital Structure
2. Capital Structure with Corporate Taxes
3. Limits to the Use of Debt
4. Valuation of Real Investment Projects with Debt

IV - Valuation of Companies
1. Discounted Cash Flows
2. Economic Value Added
3. Market Multiples

V - Cash Management
1. Short Run financial management
2. Short Term Financial Investments
3. Sources of Short Term Financing

Each student should acquire analytical and communication skills, according with the established learning outcomes. The acquisition of these skills will use the following learning methodologies:
1.Expositional, presentation of the theoretical reference frames
2.Participative, analysis and resolution of application exercises analysis of case studies, and reading texts
3.Active, realization of individual/group works
4.Self study and autonomous work, as is contemplated in the class planning.

1) Assessment during the academic semester:
- 1 mid-term test (40%)
- 1 final test (60%)

Students that opt to be out ot the regular grading system have two additional moments to pass each worth 100% of the final grade.

Upon completion of the course unit, students should be able to: LO1 - Identify the components of financial reporting and their importance for management, in the scope of the decision-making process; LO2 - Identify the main transactions related to investment properties, investments in progress, equity, and financial investments in individual accounts, from the perspective of their recognition, measurement, and disclosure; LO3 - Identify the main transactions related to provisions, contingencies, external funding sources, from the perspective of their recognition, measurement, and disclosure; LO4 - Identify the accounting procedures resulting from changes in accounting policies, estimates, errors, and events after the reporting date, including disclosures in the financial reporting.

1 – REGULATION, PREPARATION AND PRESENTATION OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: Framework; Regulations; Conceptual structure; Financial statements; Accounting and taxation; IFRS-SNC comparison.
2 – INVESTMENT PROPERTIES: Recognition, measurement and derecognition; Fair Value disclosures; IFRS-SNC comparison.
3 – CAPITALIZATION OF LOAN COSTS AND INVESTMENTS IN PROGRESS: Loan costs; Investments in progress; Subsidies; IFRS-SNC comparison.
4 – EQUITY: Capital; Own shares; Application of results; Others; IFRS-SNC comparison.
5 – FINANCIAL INVESTMENTS IN INDIVIDUAL FINANCAIL STATEMENTS AND RELATED PARTIES: Concepts; Equity Method; Related Parties; IFRS-SNC comparison.
6 – PROVISIONS AND CONTINGENCIES: Provisions; Disclosure of contingencies; IFRS-SNC comparison.
7 – EXTERNAL FUNDING SOURCES: Loans; Leases; IFRS-SNC comparison.
8 – ACCOUNTING CHANGES AND EVENTS AFTER THE REPORTING PERIOD: Policies, estimates, and errors; Events after the reporting period; IFRS-SNC comparison.

The evaluation process in the course is carried out through two different possibilities:
1. Assessment over the semester: includes 4 (four) online Short Tests (30%) and a Final Exam (70%). The minimum grade in each assessment element is 7.5 points;
2. Exam: comprises a Final Exam with 100% weighting.
In any of the two possibilities, proof of defense of the grade is required if the final classification is higher than 16 points.

1. Students should be able to identify the main macroeconomic variables and economic policy instruments.

2. Students should be able to understand economic policy mechanisms and evaluate the consequences of policy measures on the welfare of economic agents.

3. Students should be able to analyze and evaluate the consequences of external shocks to economic activity.

1. Welcome to Julia & Pluto notebook
2. Introduction to Macroeconomics
3. Measuring Macroeconomic Data
4. The IS Curve
5. Monetary Policy & Aggregate Demand
6. The Central Bank Balance Sheet & Monetary Policy Tools
7. Aggregate Supply and the Phillips Curve
8. The Aggregate Demand & Supply Model
9. Macroeconomic Policy: Aggregate Demand & Supply Analysis
10. Extreme Cases: Deflation vs Rampant Inflation
11. Fiscal Policy & the Government Budget
12 . Rounding off topics & controversies

Option A:
1. Attendance at at least 75% of classes
2. Mid-term test (covering the topics up to week 6): 50%
3. Final test (covering all topics, but with more emphasis on the material from weeks 6 to 12): 50%
4. The grade in any of these tests cannot be less than 8 points out of a possible 20
5. The tests are computer-based (not paper-based). For this purpose, students must register in a UC database to receive the test by email.

Option B:
1. Final exam: 100% weight in the final grade.
2. Covers all the material taught throughout the semester.
3. The exam will be computer-based (not paper-based). For this purpose, students must register in a UC database to receive the test by email.

At the end of the curricular period of this UC, the student must:
1. Know and use the main concepts used in describing qualitative and quantitative data.
2. Understand and use fundamental concepts of probabilities and random variables. Know the most important theoretical probability distributions for discrete and continuous variables, and apply this knowledge to calculate probabilities in real contexts.
3. Know the most important theoretical sampling distributions and know how to choose the appropriate ones for different types of problems. Carry out spot estimation; know how to distinguish parameters, statistics, estimators and estimates.

PC1.Descriptive Statistics(Types of variables. Frequency tables and graphs. Measures of location, dispersion and shape)
PC2. Probabilities (Concept review. Total probability theory and Bayes formula)
PC3. Discrete univariate random variables (VA) and most relevant distributions (VA concept. Probability and distribution functions. Parameters. Most relevant distributions)
PC4. Continuous univariate random variables and most relevant distributions (VA concept. Probability and distribution density functions. Parameters. Most important distributions)
PC5.Discrete two-dimensional random variables (Joint probability and distribution function, marginal probability. Covariance and correlation coefficient. Independence of VA)
PC6. Sampling Distributions (Central Limit Theorem. Distributions derived from Normal)
PC7. Parameter estimation (Point estimation. Properties of estimators. Maximum likelihood estimators)

Assessment throughout the semester: a weekly assignment in class (45%) and a final test (55%); minimum mark in each of the tests of 8 points; minimum final average of 10 points (mark rounded to the nearest integer). Oral defense for grades of 17 or higher; students who do not attend the oral defense will receive a final grade of 16.
Assessment by exam: individual exam that includes all the material (theoretical 55%; practical 45%) with a minimum mark of 10 (rounded to the nearest integer). Grades higher than or equal to 17 will be subject to an oral exam; students who do not attend the oral exam will receive a final grade of 16.
The test and exam are conducted without consultation, and the use of graphing calculators or cell phones is not permitted.

At the end of this learning unit's term, the student must be able to:
LG1. Know and use the main concepts of inferential statistics.
LG2. Construct confidence intervals, define and test hypotheses, identify errors and probabilities, specify and adjust simple and multiple regression linear models.
LG3. Know how to interpret SPSS outputs from the application of descriptive and inferential statistical methods.

0. Revision of parameter estimation concepts.
S1. Confidence interval estimation. Pivotal function method.
S2. Hypotheses testing.
2.1 Hypothesis formulation.
2.2 Errors and their probabilities.
2.3 Power function.
S3. Parametric tests: hypothesis and assumptions.
3.1 One population tests: one mean, one proportion and one variance.
3.2 Tests for equality of two means with paired samples and independent samples.
3.3 Levene's test for equality of variances.
3.4 Oneway analysis of variance (ANOVA).
3.5 Multiple comparison tests.
S4. Non-parametric tests.
4.1 Tests for equality of two or more distributions: Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis
4.2 Goodness of fit tests: Chi-square, Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk.
4.3 Chi-square test of independence.
S5. Simple and multiple linear regression models.
5.1. OLS estimation.
5.2 Assumptions and validation.
S6. Using SPSS to analyse the results.

Assessment throughout the semester:
An individual interim test (40%) and an individual final test (60%); test with a minimum score of 8 points; final average of at least 10 points (rounded to the nearest integer). Oral defence only for grades higher than or equal to 18; students not attending the oral defence will have a final grade of 17.

Assessment by exam:
An individual exam that includes all the syllabus content with a minimum grade of 10 (rounded to the nearest integer). Grades higher or equal to 18 will be subject to oral defence; students not attending the oral defence will have a final grade of 17.

All evaluation moments will be carried out without consulting handouts, books or other materials; the use of graphic calculators or mobile phones is not allowed; all necessary calculation formulas will be provided by the teaching team at the evaluation moment.

At the end of the course unit, students should be able to:
LG1: Prepare functional and master budget.
LG2: Describe the criticisms relating to traditional budgeting and the differences between Rolling Budgeting, Zero-Based Budgeting, and Activity-Based Budgeting.
LG3: Describe the nature of Beyond Budgeting.
LG4: Compute and analyze variances.
LG5: Identify the type of companies that will adopt standard costs and how to define this cost.
LG6: Explain how contemporary challenges affect management accounting.

I - Budgeting
1) Revisions on Planning, Budgeting, and Management Control
2) The multiple functions of Budgets
3) Preparation of the Annual Budget
4) Budgeting as an Integrated Management Model
5) Criticisms of the traditional budgeting process.
6) Rolling Budgeting, Zero-Based Budgeting, Activity-Based Budgeting, and Beyond Budgeting
II. Calculation and Analysis of Variances
III. Standard Costs
IV. Contemporary Issues in Management Accounting
1) Technological developments and digital transformation.
2) Sustainability and Environmental Management Accounting.
3) Future challanges

The assessment of this course includes is carries out by two processes of evaluation:
1. Assessment throughout the semester:
Students in this regime are assessed using the following instruments:
-Group work (20%)
- Individual midterm test (30%)
- Individual final assessment test (50%)
Requirements:
- Minimum grade of 7.5 points in every instrument.
- The submission of the group work is mandatory.

2. Final sitting exam (100%)
Assessment by exam consists of carrying out an exam with a weighting of 100%.

At the end of the course, each student should have acquired the necessary competences to:
1. Carry out the fundamental analyses required to make strategic choices
2. Assess the strategic options available to companies at the business and corporate levels and the benefits and risks associated with each
3. Understand the importance strategy implementation and control
4. Justify the importance of considering the ethical, social and environmental impact of company decisions
5. Discuss current issues and considerations in strategic management

1. Basic Concepts
2. Strategy Formulation - vision, mission and values
3. Ethics, CSR and Sustainability
4. The Resource Based View and Dynamic Capabilities
5. The External Environment (macro, industry and competitor analyses)
6. Choice of competitive strategies
7. Choice of corporate strategies
8. Implementation
9. Strategic Control & Balanced Scorecard
10. Corporate Governance
11. Current issues in strategic management

Option 1 (Assessment throughout the semester)
-50%: Individual Final Test
-25%: Quiz (10% + 15%)
-25%: Group presentation (application of course content to a company)

To Pass: weighted average of 10 marks or higher; the assessment in any of the components cannot be lower than 8 marks.

Minimum attendance: according to IBS rules

Option 2 (Final exam)

To Pass: 10 marks in the final exam.

1- The student is able to master basic concepts of law.
2- The student is able to identify and analyze the main phases of the process of constitution of a company.
3- The student is able to write and present in class the statute of a company.
4- The student understands the relations between the diverse organs of the company.
5- The student is familiar with the business relations of a company.
6- The student understands the process of elaboration and approval of accounts.
7- ESG.
8- The students knows the rights and duties of a worker.

I- Basic concepts of Law
II- Company Law and Commercial Law
III- The place of the company in the Organization of Business
IV- Formation of the company: types of companies; the memorandum and the articles of association; the incorporation and its effects.
V- Organization of the company: general meetings; management and administration of the company and the auditors.
VI- The company's transactions, annual accounts and distribution of profits. The maintenance of capital.
VII- Alteration of the memorandum and winding up of the company.
VIII- ESG.
IX- Fundamentals of Labour Law.
X- Commercial contracts (Basic notions. Sale, loan and factoring).

The evaluation will be made throughout the semester. The result of the test will contribute 20% to the final grade.
The students - in groups of up to four - will write and present a report on the constitution of a company or ESG (case study). The result of this evaluation will contribute 30% to the final grade.
The written exam represents 50 % of the final grade, but it is mandatory to obtain a minimum score of 8 points in each assessment in order for a student to be approved in the course.
Students have to attend classes.
Alternatively, students may opt just to pass a final exam.

1. Understand the working of the different segments of financial markets.
2. Know how to value bonds, how to make trading decisions in the bond market, how to compute the return of a bond investment and characterize their exposure to interest rate risk.
3. Know how to analyze the efficiency, performance and risk profile of a portfolio of financial assets.
4. Identify the main sources of value for a stock and value stocks with the discounted cash-flow method.

1. Financial Markets
(a) Money market
(b) Forex market
(c) Stock market
(d) Bond market
(e) Derivatives market

2. Bonds
(a) Bond features
(b) Day count conventions
(c) Term structure of interest rates: spot and forward rates
(d) Valuation of fixed rate bonds
(e) Trading decisions on the bond market
(f) Rates of return: yield-to-maturity and realized rate of return
(g) Rating e credit risk
(h) Valuation of floating rate bonds
(i) Interest rate risk: duration and convexity

3. Asset Pricing Models
(a) Risk and return
(b) Markowitz's model
(c) Tobin's model
(d) Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM)
(e) Performance valuation: Jensen's alpha, Sharpe index and Treynor index

4. Stocks
(a) Gordon model
(b) Present value of growth opportunities and dividend payment policy

Students can choose between an assessment by exam or an assessment throughout the semester.

The assessment throughout the semester consists of 2 written tests. Each test has a minimum grade of 7.5 and a weight of 50% in the final grade. Passing the course depends on obtaining the minimum grade in each of the written tests and a final grade, rounded to the nearest integer, equal to or greater than 10.

In the assessment by exam passing the course depends on obtaining a grade, rounded to the nearest interest, equal to or greater than 10.

For any written test, the use of graphical calculating machines is prohibited.

1- Being able to determine interest (and the respective interest rate), the present value and the future value involved in a financial operation for any given time period, according to several calendar basis.
2- Knowing how to convert an annual interest rate into a periodic one, either on nominal or effective terms.
3- Being able to determine the periodic payments of an instalment credit contract, a leasing contract, or any other form of loan and knowing how to calculate the respective APR
4- Knowing how to divide any payment into its capital/principal and interest components and to present the respective loan schedule table
5- Being able to use EXCEL financial functions and financial calculators (or financial calculator modules) in solving the above mentioned calculations.

1.- Simple and Compound Interest, Present Value and Future Value; Discounting; Annual and Periodic Interest Rates; Equation of Value, Common Value and Term; Excel Financial Functions NPV and IRR; Inflation , Nominal and Real Interest Rates; Spot and Forward Interest Rates, Average Interest Rate
2.- Business Calculations: Interest on Overdrafts and current accounts; Discounting operations;Instalment Payment Calculations; APR (Excel functions XNPV and XIRR).
3. Annuities: Present Value, Future Value, Term and Interest Rate of Constant Annuities (Excel functions); Annuities payable pthly; Varying annuities; Perpetuities; Leasing; Income present value on real estate evaluation
4.- Loan Calculations:Basic Calculations, Loan Schedule tables; Contract Revisions and Special Contractual Arrangements

During the semester students will provide the following evaluation items:Individual Exercise (5%); Mid Term Exam(35%); and Team Work(10%). Teams should be composed of aminimum of 3 and up to a maximum of 5.
Final Exam: 50% for the students that presented the above mentioned evaluation items,100% for the other students.
Students with a final grade above 16 may be subjected to a special exam.

1. To understand the main goals of Human Resources Management and to explicit their integration with General Management
2. Define the main characteristics of planning, recruitment, selection and socialization of new employees;
3. To know the main defining elements of Training, Career and Performance Evaluation policies;
4. Apply the main concepts of Compensation and Conditions of Service to HRM ;
5. Apply theoretical concepts of HR on the analysis of managerial and economic contexts

1.Introduction to HRM (Human Resource Management)
1.1. What is HRM and its importance
1.2. Evolution of HRM
1.3. The 4.0 Revolution
1.4. Current HRM

2. Themes Shaping Contemporary HRM
2.1. Globalization
2.2. Outsourcing
2.3. Offshoring
2.4. Demographics, Aging, and Immigration
2.5. Diversity
2.6. Equality of Opportunities and Inclusion
2.7. Telework and Independent Work
2.8. Sustainability

3.Key Activities and Processes in HRM
3.1. Job Analysis and Design
3.2. HR Planning
3.3. Recruitment and Selection
3.4. Training and Development
3.5. Performance Management
3.6. Careers
3.7. Remunerations and Rewards, and Labor Relations
3.8. Health and Safety at Work

1. Periodic evaluation:
- Final test 75%
- 2 group works 25%
For approval in periodic evaluation, each evaluation element must have a minimum score of 7.5v and final evaluation with a score greater than or equal to 9.5v.
Students excluded from the periodic evaluation will be able to carry out a final evaluation (100%).
2. Final Evaluation:
final evaluation 100%

LG1 - To analize, sinthesize and solve complex problems, being able to identify the sources of value creation or destruction.
LG2 - To understand and be able to use appropriate company valuation techniques, for different life cycle stages and ownership structures.
LG3 - To use financial tools fit to predict and measure the value created through a restructuring process, by comparing the ex-ante and the ex-post value of the companies.

1 - Companies's Turnarounds
-Governance and agency problems
-Value creation decisions
-Key concepts and foundations
-Types and dimensions of corporate restructuring
-Main internal restructuring measures

2 - Diagnosis of Corporate Restructuring Situations
-Importance of the company’s life cycle
-Analysis of financial statements
-Financial analysis and ratios
-Risk analysis and leverage

3 - Review of the Main Methods and Models for Business Valuation
-Fundamentals of valuation
-Valuation approaches and perspectives
-EVA and MVA
-Multiples methods

4 - Impact Assessment of Restructuring Plans and Projects

Students can choose between continuous assessment throughout the semester or assessment by exam.

The continuous assessment consists of:
-Two written tests (50% each of the final grade)

The exam assessment consists of:
-One written test (100% of the final grade)

Approval in the course depends on obtaining a final grade, rounded to the nearest whole number, of 10 or higher.

1. To know and use the main concepts of tax.
2. To classify the income paid by companies in accordance with personal income tax (IRS) categories.
3. To apply the respective deductions at source.
4. To apply and determine the corporate income tax (IRC) value and to know its payment procedures.

5. To classify the trade operations in view of the value-added tax (VAT).

6. To understand the principal rules of determination of VAT in internal operations.

I. Introduction
Concept of tax
Similar public revenues
Types of taxes
Moments of tax obligation
Tax power and the taxpayers
Constitutional tax principles
II. IRS
Personal incidence
Gross value of each income categories
Negative delimitation of statutary incidence
Tax benefits of each income categories
Deductions at source
III. IRC
Personal incidence
Tax base
Period of taxation
Gross profits and costs (accounting and taxation)
Others patrimonial variations
Fiscal regime of subsidies
Assets depreciation and revalorization
Provisions and adjustment
Social expenses
Non deductible costs
Gains and reinvestment
Avoidance of economic and international double taxation
Tax losses deduction
Rates of IRC
Fiscal transparency regime
IV. IVA
Characteristics
Tax incidence
Tax benefits
General rules to locate operations
Tax value determination
Rates of VAT

The continuous evaluation must consist of the following:
-Students must attend 66% of classes
-An oral group presentation on a theme, counting as 15% of the final grade;
-An individual intercalary test, counting as 35%;
-A global and individual examination/test, counting as 50% of the final grade ;
-A minimum score of 7.5 values in all these components.
Students in final assessment will only have one final exam.
There will be an oral exam for students who had a grade superior to 16.

At the end of this course, students should be able to:
i) Understand the importance of sustainability reporting
ii) Identify and understant the differente sustainability reporting standards
iii) Prepare and interpret sutainability disclosures

Chapter 1 - Sustainability reporting: importance and challenges
Chapter 2 - The sustainability reporting standards
Chapter 3 - General information about sustainability
Chapter 4 - Information about environmental factors
Chapter 5 - Information about social factors
Chapter 6 - Analysis of sustainability reports

The evaluation process in the course is carried out through two different possibilities:
1. Assessment trhought the semester: includes carrying out group assignments (30%) and a Final Exam (70%). The minimum grade in the final exam is 8.5 points;
2. Exam: comprises a Final Exam with 100% weighting.

1. Realize and present to an audience a diagnosis study on a management control model (written and oral format);
2. Know how to select the management control tools most adequate to the needs of managers;
3. Interpret financial and non-financial information and structure it from a managerial standpoint;
4. Propose the implementation of management control tools through a corporate performance perspective.

I - Management Control System: Key Ideas
1. Framework
2. Performance
3. Principles
4. Mananagemet control tools
5. Phases of management control system
II - Financial information for management control
1. The objectives of financial information for management
2. Cost and margin segmentation systems
3. EVA and value management through residual income
4. Costs and decision making: activity based costing
III - Behaviour instruments
1. Responsibility centers
2. Performance evaluation of responsibility centers
3. Transfer prices methods
IV - Planning and monitoring activities
1. Balanced Scorecard, Tableau de Bord, and Objectives and Key Results (OKRs)
2. Action plan and budgeting

1) Assessment throughout the semester: Instruments: case solving in group (40%) and an individual written final test (60%). Approval: a) Requires a minimum grade of 7,5 points in each element (or group of elements; b) and a minimum of 10 points in the final classification
2) Exam (1st sitting): written test (100%), requiring minimum 10 points to get approval
3) Exam (2nd sitting): written test (100%), requiring minimum 10 points to get approval.
Scale: 0-20 points

1. Know the meaning and the Audit main goal
2. Know Audit Profession
3. Know the Integrated Audit Process (IAP)
4. Understand how to apply IAP
5. Understand how to conclude an Audit exercise.

1.1. Audit meaning and types of Audits and Auditors
1.2. Audit Reports and Statutory Audit Certification
1.3. Audit main principles and specialized matters that an auditor should know
1.4. Threats and Opportunities to Audit
2.0. The Ecosystem of Audit and its main Bodies or Institutions
2.1. Audit responsabilities and the Certified Public Accountant
2.2. Professional Ethics
3.0. Audit Methodology: Risk Evaluation, Planning and work Programs
3.1. Audit evidence and working papers
3.2. Internal Control System and types of tests
3.3. Analytical procedures and tests of detail
3.4. Audit Sampling
4.0. Apply the IAP to the different business cycles (eg. Sales, Inventory, Investments) 5.0. Procedures to apply on completing the Audit
5.1. Evaluate Audit results
5.2. Issue the Audit report
5.3. Communicate with the company corporate bodies

The process of assessment in this curricular unit covers the following methods:
1) Assessment throoughout the semester.
2) Assessment by exam.
The assessment method mentioned in 1) includes a Teamwork (with a weighing of 40% in the final grade) and a Final Test (with a weighing of 60% in the final grade). The minimum mark in each of the mentioned assessment elements is 7.5 points (in a 20 points sclae).
The "Assessment by exam" occurs exclusively during the assessment period, throughout a written test, and covers all the material taught in the curricular unit.

Apprehending the models of presentation of the financial statement and how to do them. When the revenue shall be recognized and measured. Introduction to assets and financial liabilities as well to income taxes.

1. Conceptual framework
2. Financial statements
3. Accounting changes and errors
4. Events after the balance sheet date
5. Revenue
6. Introduction to financial assets and liabilities.
7. Income taxes
8. Accounts consolidation.

Course grades of the assessment throughout of the semester is based on 20 point scale, as follows:
a. Cases 20%.
b. Intermediate test 30%.
c. Test 50%.
If the average grade of the several assessment is below 10 (in 20) the sudent will not pass on the course.
As an alternative to the assessment throughout of the semester students could do only a written exam (which can take place in the first sitting).

After the frequency of the UC the students must be able:
LG1.To know the general basis of the principles of ethics and deontology;
LG2.To understand the importance of the ethical behavior in the exercise of its future professional activity, motivating the students to privilege an ethical behavior in information reporting to internal and external users;
LG3.To understand the importance of the existence of codes of ethics and particularity, related with the exercise of the professional activity of accountant and auditor, - Code of the IFAC;
LG4.Apply the theoretical knowledge and written skills before a set of concrete situations in accounting and management control, stimulating the pupil to have ethical behaviors, a clear communication and, in particular, to the situations that come to it to appear in the context of its professional activity.

1. Key concepts
1.1.Ethics concept
1.2. Deontology
1.3. The ethics in the businesses (economics ethic and enterprise ethic) 1.4 Examples

2. Ethics in accounting and auditing 2.1. Particularities
2.2. Some of the problems of accountant
2.3. Ethical principles
2.4. The codes of behaviour
2.5. Necessary elements for the construction of a ethic code
2.6. Examples of codes of ethics

3. Code of Ethics of IFAC

4. Conclusions

The assessment of this course includes is carries out by two processes of evaluation:
1. Assessment throughout the semester:
Students in this regime are assessed using the following instruments:
-Group work (40%)
- Individual assessment test (60%)
Requirements:
- Minimum grade of 7.5 points in both the group work and individual assessment test.

2. Final sitting exam (100%)
Assessment by exam consists of carrying out an exam with a weighting of 100%.

In the end of this course, students should be able to:
1. Understand accounting as a financial information system of the organization?s activities and manager´s decisions;
2. Develop critical reasoning ability about the models and accounting tools and their adequacy to the organizations and stakeholders? needs;
3. Structure a accounting system that promotes the transparency and reliability of accounting information;
4. Develop accounting practice through internship and classes that will serve as a complement to the work to be carried out in the internship with the monitoring of the teacher and patron;
5. Submit a final internship report that will include work developed in the internship as well as in class and in autonomous work.

1 The mission and role of accounting information systems
2 Information and accounting systems
3 Business processes and accounting information: Integration in ERP environment
3.1 Financial and non-financial information: the management plan of accounts.
3.2 Entities and business relationships: Concepts. Integration in ERP environment
3.3 Buying and selling processes: main internal control mechanisms
3.4 Inventory and service management
3.5 Investment management
3.6 Human resources management
3.7 Cash-flow management
3.8 Financial and tax reporting
3.9 Management reporting in ERP environment
3.10 Ethics, responsibility and professional conduct
4 Financing operations
5 Corporate operations: constitution, liquidation and restructuring
6 The role of accounting and auditing in ensuring user trust. OCC, OROC and the professions of accountant and statutory auditor.
7 Advanced accounting topics
8 The importance of CRM tools in the business function

The course unit's assessment is conducted exclusively through a semester-long assessment system using the following evaluation instruments:
- Attendance, punctuality, and participation in classes, 10%;
- Presentation and submission of the report supporting the simulation work developed in an ERP environment, 30%;
- Submission of the final internship report, which will include the work done at the company, as well as the degree of completion of the internship work carried out at the partner entity, 50%;
- Submission of executive summaries following the presentation of important topics by guest speakers, 10%.
Semester-long assessment presupposes class attendance equal to or greater than 80%, submission of all evaluation instruments, and proof of actual presence at the company where the internship was carried out.

1.Be able to explain issues in a logical and clear manner to a specific audience, and summarize ideas and conclusions effectively;
2.Understand and identify the main features of the market structure and the mechanics;
3.Acknowledge and apply the main models of pricing and arbitrage;
4.Acknowledge and use the main methodologies to evaluating the investment performance;
5.Acknowledge the investment process, the main strategies and dominant approaches to select assets;
6.Know the importance of interest rate risk management in bond portfolios and know how to apply conventional immunization strategies to bond portfolios

1.Introduction
2.Risk and return
3.Utility and Risk Aversion
4.Evaluating the investment performance
5.Active versus indexed portfolio management
6.Bond portfolio management

The following learning methodologies will be used (LM):
1.Expositional: the presentation of the theoretical reference frames
2.Participative: analysis and resolution of application exercises, discussion of case studies, and of support and reading texts
3.Active: realization of individual and group works
4.Self-study: autonomous work by the student, as is contemplated in the Class Planning.

1) Assessment during the academic semester: one mid-term test (50%) and one final test (50%).
2) Exam (100%)
A student has course approval if he has a grade equal or above 9.5 points.
The students that fall under the Internal Regulation to the Students with Special Status must contact the coordinator of the Learning Unit, in the first week of classes, towards the insertion in the learning processes and evaluation in the Learning Unit.

This course aims to develop the following skills:
LG1 - Knowledge and understanding of the spot market and its operations
LG2 - Knowledge of the main theories of currency rate determinants and ability to use them in the analysis of currency exposures
LG3 - Ability to identify the main sources of currency exposure and their nature
LG4- Ability to use derivatives, namely forwards and options in hedging strategies
LG5 - Ability to analyse and evaluate international investment decisions
OA6 - Ability to integrate international investments and their financing

P1. Introduction to international finance
p2. The spot market: characterization, participants and prices
p3: The concepts of inverse and cross rates: equilíbrium and arbitrage
P4. Determinants of currency rates: theories of purchasing power parity and international fisher effect; the concept of real currency rate
p5. Currency exposure: topology and management
P6. Forward market: characterization and use in speculative and risk management activities
p7. Currency options: characterization and use in hedging strategies; options vs forwards
p8. International investments: the local and headquarter approach

Regular grading: Two tests (50% each).
To pass, the final grade must be equal or larger than 9.5 points.

Students who so choose, or fail in the regular grading system, have two exam seasons (1st and 2nd exams), in which the final grade will be the exam grade. Students can try to improve their grade only in the second exam. To pass, the final grade must be equal or larger than 9.5 points.

1-Building and using the key documents for financial planning, namely Income Statements; Cash-Flow Statements; Financial Statements and Balance Sheets. Simulating the firm's future situation.
2- Analysing specific issues of operational and financial planning with implications for the corporate value, and the flexibility value.
3- Valuing financing alternatives according to the financial equilibrium and value implications.

1.Introduction
Importance of the Financial Plan; Sources of Positive NPV; Business Plan: parts, sources and objectives.
2.Financial Planning
Pro-Forma Financial Plan: Income Statement; Cash-Flow Statements; Cost of Capital Computing; Project Evaluation; Pro Forma Financial Statements and Balance Sheets; Sensitivity Analysis and Equilibrium Analysis.
3.Specificities of the Financial Plan
Equipment Substitution; Residual Value; Future Value; Forms of Computing the Real Parameters of the Market (Bloomberg and Datastream); Real Options.
4.Financing
Analysis of impact of the different alternatives of financing (bank credit; bank credit in foreign exchange; leasing; bonds) on the business plan; Computation of the Adjusted Present Value.

Evaluation throughout the semester:
Option 1
- Group project assignment: delivery of the financial project developed in group (30%)
- Midterm individual test (40%)
- Final test (30%)
Option 2
- Midterm individual test (40%)
- Final test (60%)
Evaluation by exam
Students may be assessed by doing a final exam with a weight of 100% on the final grade.

At the end of this course, the student should be able to:

LO1. Use descriptive statistics measures to characterize the empirical distribution of financial data.
LO2. Understand and apply the multiple linear regression model to specific situations.
LO3. Work with the most important software packages (EXCEL, R, and RStudio).

1. Brief review of statistical inference
2. Stylized facts of financial data: skewness, kurtosis, and non-normality
3. Classical linear regression model
4. Extensions of the classical model. Violation of basic assumptions - heteroscedasticity, autocorrelation, and multicollinearity
5. Other topics - dummy variables, nonlinear models, models with discrete dependent variables, Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and Schwarz Bayesian Criterion (SBC), likelihood ratio test, Wald test, and Lagrange Multiplier test

Assessment will take place throughout the semester or through an exam. Students who choose to be assessed throughout the semester will have the following assessment components: a group project (40%) and a test (60%). The test will cover all the material taught, and students must obtain a minimum score of 7.5 out of 20 for the final grade to be calculated from the weighted average of the assessment components. Semester-long assessment requires a minimum attendance of 2/3 of the classes. The exam-based assessment consists of a single exam with a weighting of 100%.

-L.G.1. Develop and present, in written and in oral forms, and discuss the business plan in a good factual, logical and communicating way, especially with regards to potential investors. This business plan will be developed as a team work;
- L.G.2.This will also give the students the experience of generating a business idea, researching and planning a new business plan and develop core competencies towards public presentation of the business plan;
- L.G.3. Students will demonstrate an understanding of and be able to apply the financial accounting standards, as well as develop the business plan covering economic and financial valuation, methodologies and analysis. They will develop the business plan also covering the industry, marketing and sales forecasts, technology and organization.

1. Objectives and methodology
2. Market Analysis
3. Supply Chain Value Management
4. Intellectual property
5. Management and organization
6. Financial information

Evaluation throughout the semester:
- 3 group presentations on the projects developed to be made in class - 15%;
- 3 individual comments to the three presentations of colleagues, including the individual discussion of the final report - 25%;
- 1 final project group report that will be subject to a final public presentation 50%;
- 1 individual mini-test (to be carried out in the last class), with the aim of obtaining a final assessment of the student on the work done - 10%.
- Minimum attendance: attendance in 80% of classes
Evaluation by exam:
Not applicable

The module aims to achieve the following learning goals:
LO1. Knowledge and understanding of the process of money creation;
LO2. Knowledge and understanding of the way short term interest rates are determined;
LO3. Knowledge and understanding of the main instruments and targets of monetary policy;
LO4. Ability to forecast the response of short-term interest rates, as well as the stock and bond markets to the release of new economic information;
OA5. Study the functioning of banks;
OA6. Understand the regulation of the banking system.

P1. The process of money creation
P2. Monetary policy instruments and the determination of short-term interest rates
P3. The monetary policy of the central bank
P4. Models of the banking sector

The student s assessment uses the types of exams and evaluation dates in ISCTE s evaluation regulations.
In the "1.ª Época", the student can choose between:
- Continuous evaluation: mid-term test (30%) and final test ("frequência") (70%)
- Final exam (100%)
In the "2ª Época" the final exam has a weight of 100%