PC1. Basic Concepts of Statistics
PC2. Analysis of Quantitative Variables
a) Univariate - indicators, tables and graphs
b) Bivariate - indicators, tables, graphs and correlation
PC3. Analysis of Nominal Variables
a) Univariate - indicators, tables and graphs
b) Bivariate - indicators, tables, graphs and association measures
PC4. Analysis of Ordinal Variables
a) Univariate - indicators, tables and graphs
b) Bivariate - indicators, tables, graphs and measures of association and correlation
PC5. Performing statistical analyses using Excel

The assessment system for the ADCS: Descriptive curricular unit considers two modalities provided for in the General Regulation for the Assessment of Knowledge and Skills (RGACC):
1. Assessment throughout the semester:
• 1st individual test (70%)
• 2nd individual test (30%)
For the students to continue being assessed throughout the semester, they cannot have a grade lower than 7 in any of the individual tests.
2. Assessment by exam:
• Individual exam (100%).

Mandatory

- Material didático de ADCS: Descritiva, preparado pela equipa docente (disponível no Moodle)
- Diez, David; M Cetinkaya-Rundel; Christopher D Barr (2019) - OpenIntro Statistics? cap. 1 e cap.2 -, (4thEd), Ed. Openintrod.org

Optional

Sites:
- OpenIntro Statistics - https://www.openintro.org/book/os/
- Instituto Nacional de Estatística (INE) - http://www.ine.pt/
- Pordata - http://www.pordata.pt/
- Eurostat - http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/
- European Social Survey - http://www.europeansocialsurvey.org/

SYL1. Basic concepts of spreadsheet, data entry, and editing.
SYL2. Formatting cells and sheets; Manage the spreadsheet; Impression
SYL3. Calculation process: data, mathematical operations, absolute and relative references
SYL4. The simple and conditioned SUM functions
SYL5. The simple, weighted, and conditioned AVERAGE functions
SYL6. The functions of counting, ordering, and rounding
SYL7. Analyze and organize data: the notion of a table, the filtering and ordering commands, and the function Subtotal
SYL8. Graphical representation and analysis

The Introduction to Excel course's evaluation process follows the General Regulation for the Assessment of Knowledge and Skills (RGACC) guidelines. The evaluation modalities provided for in the RGACC are evaluation throughout the semester and evaluation by exam:

1. Evaluation Throughout the Semester: This modality is regular during the curricular period, need a minimum attendance of 75% (*), and use different instruments:
- Attendance [10%]
- Progress and completion of the online course [20%]
- Mini-tests (*) [35%]
- Test (*) [35%]

2. Evaluation by Exam: Evaluation by exam takes place during the evaluation period, focusing on all the subjects taught in the UC. The student can opt for the 1st or 2nd exam season or the special exam season, which is only available for eligible students. This method only presupposes the following element of evaluation:
- Successful completion of the online course (required) [15%]
- Exam (*) [85%]

(*) Face-to-Face or online, according to the assessment regime in place
General Observations:
- In the evaluation modality throughout the semester, the student cannot have a classification lower than 7.0 values in any of the evaluation elements or will have to move on to the evaluation modality by exam;
- The teacher reserves the right to request the performance of an oral test on any student, regardless of the type of evaluation, whenever it is considered necessary to complement the other evaluation elements.

Mandatory

Alexander, A., and Kusleika, R. (2022). Excel 365 Bible - The Comprehensive Tutorial Resource. Indiana: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Curto, J., and Gameiro, F. (2023). Excel para Economia e Gestão, 5ª Edição. Lisboa: Edições Sílabo

Optional

Martins, A., e Alturas, B. (2022). Aprenda Excel com Casos Práticos, 2ª Edição. Lisboa: Edições Sílabo
Martins, A. (2020). Excel Aplicado à Gestão, 5ª Edição. Lisboa: Edições Sílabo
McFedries, P., and Harvey, G. (2022). Excel All-in-One For Dummies. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

1. Studying politics: Methods, fundamental concepts, scope and relevance of Political Science
2. State building and the separation of powers
3. Citizenship and rights
4. Political Ideologies
5. Democracy and authoritarianism
6. Political parties and elections
7. Political institutions
8. Political participation and representation
9. Role playing electoral campaigns, elections and representative functions
10. Non-state political actors
11. Political violence
12. The international system

1. Assessment throughout the semester (minimum 70% attendance).

a) Attendance and active participation in class: 20%

Active participation in class refers to taking part in debates about concepts and the analysis of text excerpts, images and other materials. This can be done in groups or independently outside the classroom. Conceptual rigour, critical thinking, and the construction of a coherent and informed discourse will be considered in this item.

b) Presentation of group work in class (role playing an election campaign, elections and representative functions) – 20%.

This component assesses the group work presented in class in the ninth class, in which an election campaign, the election process and the representative functions of those elected are role played. In class 3, the class is divided into groups of three to four students, with each group playing a role in the three aforementioned areas. The presentation will be assessed on the division of labour, the depth with which the topic is treated, the materials presented, and the construction of an oral discourse based on sources provided by the teaching team and material sources resulting from the groups' independent research.
Detection of plagiarism or other forms of academic misconduct will result in this assessment item being cancelled.

c) Written version of the group work referred to in the previous point (2000 to 2500 words) – 20%

In the written version of the group work, are taken into account the organisation of the text and grammatical correctness, the coherent organisation of the work, and the rigour in the application of the main concepts related to political campaigns, elections and representation.
The assignment must be handed in during the same class as the presentation.
The detection of plagiarism or other forms of academic fraud will result in the cancellation of this assessment item.

d) Final test on the date of the first exam period (40%)

2. Assessment by exam

Students who choose not to be assessed throughout the semester can take the exam in the first exam period and, in case of failure or enrolment for improvement, they also have the possibility of taking the final exam (second exam period). The final exam is also an alternative for students who have failed the assessment throughout the semester or wish to try to improve their grade.

Mandatory

Altman, D., Angiolillo, F., Fernandes, T., Good God, A., & Lindberg, S. I. (2025). Democracy report 2025: 25 years of autocratization – Democracy trumped? V-Dem Institute, University of Gothenburg

Della Porta, D. (2003). Introdução à ciência política. Estampa

Garnett, H. A., James, T. S., & Caal-Lam, S. (2024). Year in elections global report 2024. The Electoral Integrity Project
Geddes, B., Wright, J., & Frantz, E. (2018). How dictatorships work: Power, personalization, and collapse. Cambridge University Press

Heywood, A. (2013). Politics (4th ed.). Palgrave Macmillan

Jalali, C. (2017). Partidos e sistemas partidários. Fundação Francisco Manuel dos Santos

Lowndes, V., Marsh, D., & Stoker, G. (Eds.). (2017). Theory and methods in political science (4th ed.). Red Globe Press

Optional

Brierley, S., & Kramon, E. (2020). Party campaign strategies in Ghana: Rallies, canvassing and handouts. African Affairs, 119(477), 587–603

Capan, Z. G. (2017). Decolonising international relations? Third World Quarterly, 38(1), 1–15

Cheeseman, N. (Ed.). (2020). The Oxford encyclopedia of African politics. Oxford University Press

Elgie, R. (2020). An intellectual history of the concepts of premier-presidentialism and president-parliamentarism. Political Studies Review, 18(1), 12–29

Farag, M., Jung, H. R., Montini, I. C., Bourdeau de Fontenay, J., & Ladhar, S. (2023). What do we know about power sharing after 50 years? Government and Opposition, 58, 899–920.

Garzón Vallejo, I. (2024). The Colombian paradox: Religion, democracy, and political violence. Journal of Iberian and Latin American Studies, 30(3), 355–369

Mampilly, Z., & Stewart, M. A. (2021). A typology of rebel political institutional arrangements. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 65(1), 15–45

Martins, V. (2016). Politics of power and hierarchies of citizenship in Angola. Citizenship Studies, 21(1), 100–115

Mudde, C., & Rovira Kaltwasser, C. (2018). Studying populism in comparative perspective: Reflections on the contemporary and future research agenda. Comparative Political Studies, 51(13), 1667–1693

Sá, A. L., & Sanches, E. R. (2021). The politics of autocratic survival in Equatorial Guinea: Co-optation, restrictive institutional rules, repression, and international projection. African Affairs, 120(478), 78–102

1. Basic concepts and classical authors
2. Political Institutions under Authoritarianism I (Regime Types, Elections, Parliaments)
3. Political Institutions under Authoritarianism II (Survival theories)
4. Democratic Institutions I (Democracy theories)
5. Democratic Institutions II (Types of democracy)
6. Democratic Institutions III (Systems of government)
7. Democratic Backsliding I (Concepts and Authors)
8. Democratic Backsliding II (Theories of backsliding and cases)
9. Elections, Electoral Integrity, and Political Institutions I ( non-democratic regimes)
10. Elections, Electoral Integrity, and Political Institutions II (democratic regimes)

I - Evaluation throughout the semester.
Individual and group assignments in class: 60%
a) Individual analysis of a text assigned by the professor, to take place during the second part of the seminar sessions by a pre-selected group of students (prepared in advance at home; oral exercise only) – 30%
b) Group exercises in class, taking place during the second part of the seminar sessions (no prior preparation at home; oral exercise only) – 30%
c) Group participation in a debate about a 2024 election act to be defined (prior preparation at home; oral and written exercise) – 25%
Final test at the end of the semester: 40%
Minimum class attendance: 70%

OR
II Exam assessment
a) Exam (100%) - more demanding than the final test; it includes more subjective questions which require the student articulates the various topics

Mandatory

- Rhodes, Rod; Binder, Sarah e Rockman, Bert (Eds.). (2008). The Oxford handbook of political institutions. Oxford University Press.
- Gandhi, J., & Ruiz-Rufino, R. (Eds.). (2015). Routledge Handbook of Comparative Political Institutions. Routledge.
- Linz, Juan (2015). Autoritarismo e Democracia. Lisboa: Livros Horizonte.
- Dahl, Robert (1989). Democracy and its critics. New Haven: Yale University Press

Optional

Fukuyama, F. (2014). Political Order and Political Decay: From the Industrial Revolution to the Globalization of Democracy. Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
Levitsky, S., & Ziblatt, D. (2018). How Democracies Die. Crown.
Lijphart, A. (2012). Patterns of Democracy: Government Forms and Performance in Thirty-Six Countries (2nd ed.). Yale University Press.
Levitsky, S., & Way, L. A. (2010). Competitive Authoritarianism: Hybrid Regimes After the Cold War. Cambridge University Press.
Przeworski, A. (2010). Democracy and the Limits of Self-Government. Cambridge University Press.
Huntington, S. P. (1991). The Third Wave: Democratization in the Late 20th Century. University of Oklahoma Press.
De Mesquita, B. B., Smith, A., Siverson, R. M., & Morrow, J. D. (2003). The Logic of Political Survival. MIT Press.

Introduction: Definition and distinction between the concepts of political theory, the history of political ideas, and political philosophy. The relationship between political theory and political and social reality.

Classical antecedents of modern political theory: Plato and Aristotle.

Niccolò Machiavelli: political realism and the exercise of power.

Thomas Hobbes: the logic of fear and sovereign power.

John Locke: the state of nature and individual rights.

Montesquieu: political moderation and the separation of powers.

Jean-Jacques Rousseau: citizenship and popular sovereignty.

Benjamin Constant: the liberty of the ancients and the liberty of the moderns.

Edmund Burke: liberal conservatism and tradition.

Alexis de Tocqueville: equality and liberty in modern democracies.

Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels: class domination and political order.

John Stuart Mill: representative government and political participation.

Max Weber: the distribution of power and forms of domination.

I - Assessment throughout the semester:
1) test on points 1 to 6 of the programme (40% of final grade)
2) test on points 7 to 12 of the programme (40% of final grade)
3) presentation (in groups) and participation in classes - 20% of final grade.
To be approved it is necessary to: attend classes (more than 70%); perform all moments of evaluation; have a weighted average of 9.5 or more.

II - Assessment by exam (100%)

Mandatory

Burns, J. H. (Ed.). (1991). The Cambridge history of political thought 1450–1700. Cambridge University Press.
Chevalier, J.-J., & Guchet, Y. (2004). As grandes obras políticas: De Maquiavel à actualidade. Europa-América.
Dryzek, J. S., Honig, B., & Phillips, A. (Eds.). (2006). The Oxford Handbook of Political Theory. Oxford University Press.
Klosko, G. (Ed.). (2011). The Oxford handbook of the history of political philosophy. Oxford University Press.
Nay, O. (2007). História das ideias políticas. Editorial Vozes.
Pocock, J. G. A. (2009). Political thought and history: Essays on theory and method. Cambridge University Press.
Prélot, M., & Lescuyer, G. (2000). História das ideias políticas (Vol. I). Editorial Presença.
Prélot, M., & Lescuyer, G. (2001). História das ideias políticas (Vol. II). Editorial Presença.
Strauss, L., & Cropsey, J. (Eds.). (2012). History of political philosophy (3rd ed.). University of Chicago Press.

Optional

Aldeia, J. (2009). Max Weber: “Homem do seu tempo” ou “homem à frente do seu tempo”? (Oficina do CES, n.º 332). Centro de Estudos Sociais.
Alves, R. V. S. (2011). Sobre a liberdade: Indivíduo e sociedade em Stuart Mill. Revista CEPPG, 25(2), 197–212.
Amaral, D. F. do. (2006). História das ideias políticas (Vol. I). Almedina.
Baudart, A. (2003). Platon: la passion du juste. In É. Zernik (Org.), La pensée politique (pp. 11–32). Ellipses Edition Marketing.
Baum, B. (2003). J. S. Mill on freedom and power. In J. Losco & L. Williams (Eds.), Classic and contemporary readings (Vol. II, pp. 438–458). Roxbury Publishing Company.
Berlin, I. (2013). Does political theory still exist? In H. Hardy (Ed.), Concepts and categories: Philosophical essays (pp. 143–172). Princeton University Press.
Beetham, D. (1974). Max Weber and the theory of modern politics. George Allen and Unwin.
Dalaqua, G. H. (2016). Democracia representativa, conflito e justiça em J. S. Mill. Doispontos, 13(2), 15–37.
Eslabão, D. R. (s.d.). O conceito de dominação em Max Weber: Um estudo sobre a legitimidade do poder [Manuscrito não publicado].
Goyard-Fabre, S. (2003). Montesquieu et la corruption des gouvernements. In É. Zernik (Org.), La pensée politique (pp. 151–168). Ellipses Edition Marketing.
Hare, R. M. (1997). O pensamento de Platão (pp. 72–83). Editorial Presença.
Letwin, S. R. (1988). John Locke: Liberalism and natural law. In K. Haakonssen (Ed.), Traditions of liberalism (pp. 3–29). The Center for Independent Studies.
Lumowa, V. (2010). Benjamin Constant on modern freedoms. Ethical Perspectives, 3, 389–414.
Maley, T. (2011). Democracy & the political in Max Weber’s thought. University of Toronto Press.
Manent, P. (1997). Rousseau critique du libéralisme. In Histoire intellectuelle du libéralisme (pp. 143–172). Hachette.
Marx, K., & Engels, F. (1989). Manifesto do Partido Comunista. In M. B. da Cruz (Org.), Teorias sociológicas (pp. 11–60). Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian.
Paden, R. (1988). Reason and tradition in Burke's political philosophy. History of Philosophy Quarterly, 5(1), 63–77.
Pocock, J. G. A. (2009). Political thought and history: Essays on theory and method. Cambridge University Press.
Popper, K. (2002). The open society and its enemies. Vol. 2, Hegel and Marx. Routledge.
Popper, K. (2014). The open society and its enemies. Vol. 1, The spell of Plato. Routledge.
Portis, E. B. (1994). Mill and the politics of character. In Reconstructing the classics (pp. 153–168). Chatham House.
Portis, E. B. (1998). Aristotle and the politics of honor. In Reconstructing the classics (pp. 31–48). Chatham House Publishers.
Portis, E. B. (1998). Hobbes and the politics of fear. In Reconstructing the classics (pp. 101–116). Chatham House Publishers.
Skinner, Q. (2002). Visions of politics: Regarding method. Cambridge University Press.
Skinner, Q. (2002). Visions of politics: Hobbes and civil science. Cambridge University Press.
Skinner, Q. (2002). Visions of politics: Renaissance virtues. Cambridge University Press.
Skinner, Q. (2005). Visões da política: Questões metodológicas. Difel.
Skinner, Q. (2009). A genealogy of the modern state. Proceedings of the British Academy, 162, 325–370.
Skinner, Q. (2009). A genealogy of the modern state. Proceedings of the British Academy, 162, 325–370.
Skinner, Q. (2011). Uma Genealogia do Estado Moderno. Imprensa de Ciências Sociais.
Simões, M. (2013). John Stuart Mill: Utilitarismo e liberalismo. Veritas, 58(1), 174–189.
Titunik, R. F. (2005). Democracy, domination, and legitimacy in Max Weber’s political thought. In C. Camic, P. S. Gorski, & D. M. Trubek (Eds.), Max Weber’s Economy and society: A critical companion (pp. 143–163). Stanford University Press.
Touchard, J. (1991). História das ideias políticas (Vol. I). Publicações Europa-América. (Obra original publicada em 1959)
Touchard, J. (1991). História das ideias políticas (Vol. IV). Europa-América. (Obra original publicada em 1959)
Touchard, J. (2003). História das ideias políticas (Vol. II). Publicações Europa-América. (Obra original publicada em 1959)
Tully, J. (2008). Locke. In J. H. Burns (Ed.), The Cambridge history of political thought 1450–1700 (pp. 616–652). Cambridge University Press.
Windecker, P. (2003). Aristóteles: l’enjeu de la cité. In É. Zernik (Org.), La pensée politique (pp. 33–62). Ellipses Edition Marketing.

PC1. Study methods and techniques: their relevance in academic and professional life.
PC2. Self-awareness in learning: learning habits, styles and profiles (e.g. self-regulation and motivational profiles).
PC3 – Barriers to studying, such as procrastination, lack of motivation and anxiety: their causes, impacts and strategies for overcoming them, including the Pomodoro technique and SMART goals.
PC4. Collaborative methodologies (e.g. Scrum, TBL and DT) and teamwork skills (e.g. effective communication, active listening, understanding roles and rules, and conflict mediation).
PC5- Time management and organisation: analysing actual time use; long, medium and short-term planning; organising tasks using digital and/or analogue tools.
PC6- Individual and team study profiles and techniques.
PC7 – Individual study plans and preparation for assessments.

I – Assessment throughout the semester
Your class participation (60%) will be assessed through the completion and submission of the following individual and team exercises throughout the semester:
1. Individual activities (20%)
1.1 Completion of self-assessment exercises (student profile; learning styles; study strategies; barriers to study). – 10%
1.2 Preparation and implementation of a weekly study plan. – 5%
1.3 Preparation of an individual improvement plan: – 5%

2. Team activities (40%). Teams will be formed randomly with a maximum of five members and will include:
2.2. Discussion of real cases, participation in role play, the World Café and moments of collective reflection. – 10%
2.3. Preparation, facilitation and participation in individual and team study strategy workshops – 30%. – 30%

3. Individual reflective portfolio – 40%.
To complete the semester-long assessment, students must achieve a minimum of 7 points in each of the indicated assessment components. They must also attend at least 70% of classes and complete the UC online course.

II – Final assessment (exam period):
There will be no final exam, and approval will be determined by the weighted average of assessments throughout the semester.
Students who wish to take the assessment in the second or special periods should contact the teacher in advance to find out about the alternative assessment method.

Mandatory

Araújo, J. C. (2013). Como saber estudar. Plátano Editora.
Brown, P. C., Roediger III, H. L., & McDaniel, M. A. (2014). Make it stick: The science of successful learning. Belknap Press
Carrilho, F. (2013). Como Estudar Melhor: Um guia para o teu sucesso. Editorial Presença
Carrilho, F. (2005). Métodos e técnicas de estudo. Editorial Presença.
Credé, M., & Phillips, L. A. (2011). A meta-analytic review of the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire. Learning and Individual Differences, 21(4), 337–346. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2011.03.002
Downing, S. (2017). On Course: Strategies for Creating Success in College and in Life. Cengage Learning.
Estanqueiro, A. (2019). Saber Lidar com as Pessoas. Princípios da Comunicação Interpessoal. 25ª edição. Editorial Presença.
Estanqueiro. A. (2009). Aprender a estudar. Edições Sílabo.
Uelaine, L. A. (2009). Study Skills Strategies: Get The Most From Every Minute Of Learning. Axzo Press.

Optional

Cottrell, S. (2013). The Study Skills Handbook. Palgrave Macmillan.
Fleming, N. and Baume, D. (2006) Learning Styles Again VARKing up the RIGHT Tree! Educational Developments, 7, 4-7.
https://www.scirp.org/reference/ReferencesPapers.aspx?ReferenceID=1223937
Kennedy, J. (2004). Study Skills. Maximise Your Time to Pass Exams. Studymates.
McIlroy, D. (2005). Exam Success. SAGE.
Oliver, P. (2012). Succeeding with Your Literature Review. Open University Press.
Pritchard, A. (2008). Studying and Learning at University Vital Skills for Success in Your Degree. SAGE.
Pintrich, P. R. (2000). The role of goal orientation in self-regulated learning. In M. Boekaerts, P. R. Pintrich, & M. Zeidner (Eds.), Handbook of self-regulation (pp. 451–502). Academic Press.
Steel, P. (2007). The nature of procrastination: A meta-analytic and theoretical review of quintessential self-regulatory failure. Psychological Bulletin, 133(1), 65–94. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.133.1.65
Tuckman, B. W. (2005). Relations of Academic Procrastination, Rationalizations, and Performance in a Web Course with Deadlines. Psychological Reports, 96(3_suppl), 1015-1021. https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.96.3c.1015-1021 (Original work published 2005).
Weinstein, Y., Madan, C. R., & Sumeracki, S. (2018). Teaching the science of learning. Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 3(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41235-017-0087-y
Wilson, E. & Bedford, D. (2009). Study skills for part-time students. Pearson Education Limited.
Yockey, R. D. (2016). Validation of the Short Form of the Academic Procrastination Scale. Psychological Reports, 118(1).

CP1: Introduction to scientific research: concepts and processes. Research questions. Processes: stages (Identifying the problem; Reviewing the literature; Defining objectives and hypotheses; Selecting the methodology; Collecting data; Analysing data; Conclusions and recommendations).
CP2: Techniques for summarising and analysing scientific articles. Identifying relevant sources, evaluating the literature and synthesising information. Ethics, informed consent, confidentiality and integrity in research. Data collection methods.
CP3: Structure and organisation of research papers: pre-textual elements (cover, title page, abstract, keywords, table of contents), textual elements (introduction, literature review, methodology, results, discussion) and post-textual elements (conclusion, references, appendices, annexes). Preparation of a structure based on topics provided by the lecturer.
CP4: Application of APA Standards in scientific writing and academic reports.

The assessment of the course aims to gauge the students' acquisition of skills in essential aspects of writing texts in an academic context. Assessment throughout the semester includes activities covering different aspects of the technical and scientific writing process, including group and individual work activities:
Group activities (70%) [students are organized into groups of 4, randomly selected].
1- Group discussions with case studies (20%):
Description: each group is given a case study to analyze, and must identify the type of text; the research problem(s), hypotheses, methodologies used and data sources. The results of their work are presented in class to their colleagues (Time/group: presentation - 3 min; debate - 5 min).
Assessment (oral): based on active participation, the quality of the analysis and the clarity of the presentation.
2 - Research exercises and application of APA standards (20%).
Description: Students carry out practical research exercises in a (thematic) context on bibliographical references, their formatting and citation according to APA Norms. Assessment (written work to be submitted on Moodle): The exercises will be corrected and assessed on the basis of accuracy and compliance with APA Standards.
3 - Project Presentation Simulations (30%):
Description: groups choose a topic and create a fictitious project following the structure of a technical report or scientific text, making a presentation of their project in class (Time/group: presentation 3 min.; debate: 5 min.). The work is then reviewed following the comments.
Assessment: (Oral component and written/digital content to be submitted on Moodle): organization, content, correct use of the structure and procedures of academic work, ability to answer questions posed by colleagues and the teacher.
Individual activities (30%):
1 - Summary of a scientific article (20%).
Description: Each student must read and summarize a scientific article.
Assessment: The summaries made in class will be assessed on their ability to identify and summarize the essential elements of the text.
2 - Participation in activities throughout the semester (10%).
Description: This component aims to assess the specific contributions of each student in the activities carried out throughout the semester. Assessment: Interventions in the classroom; relevance of the student's specific contributions to debates; collaborative relationship with colleagues. In order to be assessed throughout the semester, the student must be present at 80% of the classes and have more than 7 (seven) marks in each of the assessments. If there are doubts about participation in the activities carried out, the teacher may request an oral discussion.
Final assessment: In-person written test (100%).

Mandatory

American Psychological Association (2020). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association, 7 edição APA.
Macagno, F. & Rapanta, C. (2021). Escrita académica: argumentação, lógica da escrita, ideias, estilo, artigos e papers. Pactor.
Ribeiro, A. & Rosa, A. (2024). Descobrindo o potencial do CHATGPT em sala de aula: guia para professores e alunos. Atlantic Books.

Optional

Cottrell, S. (2005). Critical thinking skills: developing effective analysis and argument. Palgrave McMillan.
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research design: qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. SAGE Publications.
D'Alte, P., & D'Alte, L. (2023). Para uma avaliação do ChatGPT como ferramenta auxiliar de escrita de textos académicos. Revista Bibliomar, 22 (1), 122-138. DOI: 10.18764/2526-6160v22n1.2023.6.
Duarte, N. (2008). The art and science of creating great presentations. O'Reilly Media.Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research design: qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. SAGE Publications.
Hofmann, A. (2016). Scientific writing and communication: papers, proposals, and presentations. Oxford University Press.
Kuhn, Deanna (1991). The skills of argument. Cambridge University Press.
Marcos, I.(2016). Citar e referenciar: o uso ético da informação. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.2/3929
Martínez, J. (2016). Cómo buscar y usar información científica: Guía para estudiantes universitários. Santander. http://hdl.handle.net/10760/29934
OIT. (2021). Ajustar as competências e a aprendizagem ao longo da vida para o futuro do trabalho. OIT Genebra.
OIT. (2020). Guia sobre como e porquê recolher e utilizar dados sobre as relações laborais. OIT Genebra.
Rapanta, C., Garcia-Mila, M., & Gilabert, S. (2013). What is meant by argumentative competence? An integrative review of methods of analysis and assessment in education. Review of Educational Research, 83(4), 483-520.
Rodrigues, A. (2022). A Natureza da Atividade Comunicativa. LisbonPress.
Rodrigues, A. D. (2005). A Partitura invisível. Para uma abordagem interacional da linguagem. Colibri.
Swales, J. M., & Feak, C. B. (2012). Academic writing for graduate students: essential tasks and skills. University of Michigan Press.
Umberto, E. (2016). Como se faz uma Tese em Ciências Humanas. Editorial Presença.

Manuais: http://www.apastyle.org/ http://www.apastyle.org/learn/tutorials/index.aspx

1. Europe and the World on the eve of First World War
New countries and old empires
The colonial empires
Prosperity and conflicts
Nationalist exacerbation and the outbreak of war
2. Europe and the World in War
The great slaughter
The American intervention
The Bolshevik revolution
3. Europe and the World between the wars
Versailles and the League of Nations
The authoritarian regimes
The American hegemony
The Japanese expansion
Revolution in China
4. The Second World War
The collapse of the pre-war order
From the Blitzkrieg to the invasion of the USSR
The globalisation of the conflict and the nazi-fascism defeat.
Exhausted Europe
5. Post-war Europe
European reconstruction and the Marshall Plan
An Iron Curtain over Europe: Eastern Europe and the Cold War
Decolonisation
6. The Cold War world
The communist bloc after 1945
Europe: from the EEC to the EU
Goodbye Lenin: The Fall of the Wall, German Unification and the End of the Cold War
Neo-liberalism and the growth of inequalities

There are two types of assessment:

1 - Assessment throughout the semester:
- Preparation and participation in classes (10%)
- Individual work (30%)
- Group work (30%)
- Final test (30%)

2- Final assessment: final exam (100 per cent).

Mandatory

Carpentier, Jean e Lebrun, François, História da Europa, Lisboa, Estampa, 1993
Ferguson, Nial, Civilização, o Ocidente e os Outros, Porto, Civilização Editora, 2012
Hobsbawm, Eric, A Era dos Extremos, Lisboa, Editorial Presença, 1996
Joll, James A Europa desde 1870, Lisboa, Dom Quixote, 1995
Judt, Tony, Pós-Guerra. História da Europa desde 1945, Lisboa, Edições 70, 2006.
Landes, David, A Riqueza e a Pobreza das Nações, Lisboa, Gradiva, 2005
MacMillan, Margaret, A Guerra que acabou com a Paz, Lisboa, Temas e Debates, 2014
Mazower, Mark, Dark Continent. Europe's Twentieth Century, New York, Vintage Books, 1998
Mazower, Mark, Governar o Mundo. História de uma ideia: desde 1815 aos nossos dias, Lisboa, Edições 70, 2017
Roberts, J. M., História do Século XX, vol. I, Lisboa, Ed. Presença, 2007
Venner, D. (2009). O Século de 1914. Utopias, Guerras e Revoluções na Europa do Século XX, Porto, Civilização Ed.

Optional

• Anne Applebaum, Gulag: uma História, Porto, Civilização, 2005
• Hannah Arendt, As Origens do Totalitarismo, 2ª ed., Lisboa, Dom Quixote, 2006
• F. Fernández-Armesto, As Américas, Rio de Mouro, Círculo de Leitores, 2004
• Archie Brown, Ascensão e Queda do Comunismo, Lisboa, D. Quixote, 2010
• Stéphane Courtois e outros, O Livro Negro do Comunismo. Crimes, Terror e Repressão, Lisboa, Quetzal, 1999
• Norman Davies, A Europa em Guerra, 1939-1945, Lisboa, Edições 70, 2008
• Dossier "50 anos depois da morte de Estaline", Público, 5.3.2003
• Norbert Elias, Os Alemães. A Luta pelo Poder e a Evolução do Habitus nos séculos XIX e XX, Rio de Janeiro, Jorge Zahar Editor, 1997
• Trond Berg Eriksen e outros, História do Anti-semitismo, Lisboa, edições 70, 2010
• François Furet, O Passado de uma Ilusão. Ensaio sobre a Ideia Comunista no século XX, Lisboa, Presença, 1996
• Ernest Gellner, Condições da Liberdade, Lisboa, Gradiva, 1995
• Ernest Gellner, Dos Nacionalismos, Lisboa, Teorema, 1998
• Stephen G. Haw, História da China, Lisboa, Tinta da China, 2008
• Kenneth Henshall, História do Japão, Lisboa, Edições 70, 2008
• Dennis P. Hupchick, The Balcans. From Constantinople to Communism, Palgrave Macmillan, 2004
• John Keegan, O Rosto da Batalha, Lisboa, Fragmentos, 1987
• Ian Kershaw, Hitler, London, Penguin Books, 2008
• Arno J. Mayer, The Furies. Violence and Terror in the French and Russian Revolutions, Princeton University Press, 2002
• Mark Mazower, Os Balcãs. História Breve, Lisboa, Círculo de Leitores, 2003
• Mark Mazower, Hitler's Empire, Nazi Rule in Occupied Europe, London, Penguin Books, 2009
• Simon Sebag Montefiore, O Jovem Estaline, Lisboa, Alêtheia, 2008
• Simon Sebag Montefiore, Estaline, A Corte do Czar Vermelho, Alêtheia Editores, 2003
• George L. Mosse, De la Grande Guerre au Totalitarisme, Paris, Hachette, 1999
• Victor Neto, "O atentado de Seravejo e as origens da Grande Guerra" Revista de História das Ideias, 2009, vol. 30, pp.473-489
• Stéphane Audoin- Rouzeau e Annette Becker, "Violência e consentimento: a 'cultura de guerra' no primeiro conflito mundial" in J.-P. Rioux, J.-F. Sirinelli, Para uma História Cultural, Lisboa, Estampa,1998 pp. 237-251
• Lionel Richard, A República de Weimar (1919-1933), S. Paulo, Companhia das Letras, s.d.
• Alain Sked, Declínio e Queda do Império Habsburgo, Lisboa, Edições 70, 2008
• Timothy Snyder,Terra Sangrenta. A Europa entre Hitler e Estaline, Lisboa, Bertrand Editora, 2011
• Zara Steiner, The Lights that Failed: European International History, 1919-1933, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2005
• Michael Sturmer, O Império Alemão, Rio de Mouro, Círculo de Leitores, 2003
• Paul Weindling, Health, Race and German Politics Between National Unification and Nazism 1870-1945, Cambridge University Press, 1993
• Paul Weindling, Epidemics and Genocide in Eastern Europe, 1890-1945, Oxford, Oxford university Press, 2000
• Henri Wesseling, Les Empires Coloniaux Européens, 1815-1919, Paris, Ed. Gallimard, 2009
• Outras leituras
• Alexandre Soljenitsine, Arquipélago de Gulag, 2 vols., Lisboa, Bertrand, 1977
• Jonathan Littell, As Benevolentes, Lisboa, Dom Quixote, 2007
• Eric Hobsbawm, Tempos Interessantes, Uma Vida no Século XX, Porto, Campo das Letras, 2005
• Tony Judt, O Século XX Esquecido. Lugares e Memórias, Lisboa, Edições 70, 2009
• Tony Judt, Um Tratado Sobre os Nossos Actuais Descontentamentos, Liboa, Edições 70, 2010
• Tony Judt, O Chalet da Memória, Lisboa, Edições 70, 2011
• Daniel Mendelsohn, Os Desaparecidos. À Procura de Seis em Seis Milhões, Lisboa, D. Quixote, 2009
• W. G. Sebald, Austerlitz, Lisboa, Teorema, 2004
• W. G. Sebald, História Natural da Destruição, Lisboa, Teorema, 2006
• Elias Canetti, A Língua Posta a Salvo, Porto, Campo das Letras, 2008
• Primo Levi, Se Isto É Um Homem, Lisboa, Teorema, 2001

PC1. Research, methods and operationalization of conceptual units
1. Sociological and socio-political research: extensive methods
2. Framework for analysis and operationalisation of concepts
PC2. Delimiting the empirical field: population and sample definition
1. Statistical representativity
2. Main sampling techniques
PC3. Survey questionnaire
1. Construction of the questionnaire
2. Application of the survey
3. Online surveys
4. Planning data processing
PC4. Analysing survey data
1. Analysing the results
2. Presenting the results

Students can choose one of the two assessment methods provided for in the CU: 1) assessment throughout the semester; 2) assessment by exam.
- Assessment throughout the semester consists of: written group work (in two reports, a progress report and a final report) and an individual written test. The final grade is the result of a weighted average of the three assessment moments: group progress report (20%); final group report (40%); and individual written test (40%), provided it is equal to or higher than 7 points. Students who do not obtain a minimum mark of 7 in the test will fail the CU and will be admitted to assessment by exam. Assessment throughout the semester requires students to attend at least 50% of the classes. If the teachers deem it necessary, there is the possibility of an oral test, in complement to the written assessment components, as an additional element in the assessment (e.g. in situations where there is a need for additional clarification in the classifications).
- Assessment by exam takes place exclusively during the assessment period and covers all the material taught in the curricular unit. It consists of an individual written test. Students who have opted for this form of assessment and students who have not been approved in the assessment throughout the semester are admitted to this form of assessment.

Mandatory

Bryman, A (2012), Social Research Methods (4ªed), New York, Oxford UP
Campenhoudt, LV et al. (2023), Manual de Investigação em Ciências Sociais (2ªed), Lisboa, Gradiva
Frade, S (2024). “Estudos online: Questionários”, in Prada M. (Coord.). Caderno de laboratório, LAPSO, Iscte
Foddy, W (1996), Como Perguntar. Teoria e Prática da Construção de Perguntas para Entrevistas e Questionários, Oeiras, Celta
Ghiglione, R & Matalon, B (2001), O Inquérito-Teoria e Prática (4ªed), Oeiras, Celta
Giddens, A (2013), “Métodos de Investigação em Sociologia”, in Sociologia (9ªed), Lisboa, FCG
Lima, L & Correia, I (2017), “Atitudes: medida, estrutura e funções”, in Vala, J. & Monteiro, M.B., Psicologia Social (10ªed), Lisboa, FCG
Osuna, JR (2005), Métodos de Muestreo. Casos Prácticos (2ªed), Madrid, CIS
Pestana, MH & Gageiro, JN (2014), Análise de Dados para Ciências Sociais (6ªed), Lisboa, Sílabo
Sierra-Bravo, R (2003), Técnicas de Investigación Social: Teoria y Ejercicios (14ªed), Madrid, Thomson

Optional

Blaikie, N. & Priest, J. (2019), Designing Social Research: the logic of anticipation (3ª ed.), Cambridge, Polity Press.
Boudon, R. (1990), Os Métodos em Sociologia, Lisboa, Rolim.
Bourdieu, P., Chamboredon, JC. & Passeron, JC. (1999). A profissão de Socíólogo: preliminares epistemológicas, Petropolis, Vozes.
Bryman, A. & Cramer, D. (1993), Análise de Dados em Ciências Sociais - introdução às técnicas utilizando o SPSS (2ª ed.), Oeiras, Celta.
Cea D’Ancona, M.A. (1996), Metodología Quantitativa. Estrategias y técnicas de investigación social, Madrid, Síntesis,
Cresswell, J.W. & Cresswell, J.D., (2018), Research Design. Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (5ª ed.), Thousand Oaks/London/New Delhi, Sage.
Dillmand, D.A., Smyth, J.D. & Christian, L.M. (2009), Internet, Mail and Mixed-Mode Surveys: the tailored design method (3ª ed.), New Jersey, John Wiley.
Ferreira, V. “O inquérito por questionário na construção de dados sociológicos”, in Silva, A.S. e Pinto, J.M. (coord.) (2014), Metodologia das Ciências Sociais (16ª ed.), Porto, Afrontamento.
Frankfort-Nachmias, C. & Nachmias, D. (2000). Research Methods in the Social Sciences (6ª ed.). New York, Worth Publishers.
García Ferrando, M. et al. (2015), El Análisis de la Realidad Social; métodos y técnicas de investigación (4ª ed), Madrid, Alianza Editorial.
Laureano, R. & Botelho, M.C. (2017), IBM SPSS Statistics: o meu manual de consulta rápida (3ª ed.), Lisboa, Sílabo.
Silva, A.S. & Pinto, J.M. (coord.) (2014), Metodologia das Ciências Sociais (16ª ed.), Porto, Afrontamento.
Moreira, J. M. (2004), Questionários: Teoria e Prática, Coimbra, Almedina.
Oliveira, A. et al. (2021), O questionário online na investigação em educação: reflexões epistemológicas, metodológicas e éticas, Lisboa, Universidade Aberta.
Sue, V. & Ritter, L.A. (2012), Conducting Online Surveys (2ª ed.), Thousand Oaks, Sage.
Vicente, P, Reis, E. & Ferrão, F. (2001), Sondagens. A amostragem como factor decisivo de qualidade, Lisboa, Sílabo.

Podem ser recomendadas outras referências bibliográficas complementares, de caráter temático, para suporte aos trabalhos dos/as estudantes.

Other complementary bibliographical references with a thematic focus can be recommended to support the students' work.

PC1. Basic Concepts of Inferential Statistics

PC2. Estimation
2.1. Confidence Intervals for a Mean and a Proportion
2.2. Determining Sample Size

PC3. Hypothesis Tests
3.1. Two-Sample t-Test
3.2. Chi-Square Independence Test

PC4. Data Analysis with SPSS
4.1. Performing Descriptive Analysis of Qualitative and Quantitative Variables
4.2. Performing Inferential Analysis
4.3. Creating and Analysing Composite Variables
4.4. Creating and Importing Databases

Assessment throughout the semester: written test (70%) and SPSS test (30%). The SPSS test has a minimum passing grade of 8 points.

Assessment by exam: mixed individual exam that integrates the written component and the SPSS component.

Mandatory

- Marôco, João (2021) - Análise Estatística com o SPSS Statistics (8ªed.), Report Number.
- Laureano, Raul (2022) - Testes de Hipóteses com o SPSS Statistics: O meu manual de consulta rápida, Silabo.
- Field, Andy (2017) - Discovering Statistics Using Ibm Spss Statistics, Sage.

- Material didático preparado pela equipa e disponível no Moodle.


- Laureano, Raul (2022) - Testes de Hipóteses e Regressão, Lisboa, Edições Sílabo.
- Marôco, J. (2018) - Análise Estatísti- Marôco, J. (2018) - Análise Estatística com o SPSS Statistics (7ªed.), Pêro Pinheiro, Report Number.
ca com o SPSS Statistics (7ªed.), Pêro Pinheiro, Report Number.

Optional

1. Economics and the economic
1.1. Economic phenomena and economics as social science
1.3. Economics and the other social sciences

2. Concepts and fundamental tools in economics
2.1. Product, income and demand
2.2. Activity, employment, unemployment
2.3. Money, inflation and interest rate
2.4. States and public policies
2.5. International relations and the Balance of Payments

3. Economic theories and policies in historical perspective
3.1. The origins of Classical Political Economy
3.2. Classical Political Economy
3.3. Criticisms to Classical Political Economy
3.4. Marginalism and the Neoclassical approach
3.5. Keynes and keynesianism
3.6. The return of liberalism
3.7. An overview of current economic ideas and policies

4. Economics in a context of crisis, instability and incertainty

Assessment throughout the semester:
- 1st individual test (50%)
- 2nd individual test (50%)
Note: Minimum grade in each instrument of assessment: 7.0

or

Final assessment:
- Written exam, 1st and 2nd sittings

Mandatory

- Sedas Nunes, Adérito (1977). Questões Preliminares sobre as Ciências Sociais, Lisboa, Editorial Presença, 1977.
- Drouin, Jean-Claude (2014). Os Grandes Economistas: Uma Introdução à Economia, Lisboa, Edições Texto & Grafia.
- Castro Caldas, J.M. e M.ª Fátima Ferreiro (2009-2010), ?Notas pedagógicas ? Introdução à Ciência Económica? (mimeo), Lisboa: Iscte-Iul
- Carvalho, Luís Francisco (2023), ?Notas sobre conceitos e indicadores fundamentais da actividade económica? (mimeo), versão revista e actualizada, Lisboa: Iscte-Iul.

Optional

- UNDP (vários anos), Human Development Report, UN: Nova Iorque.
- Solomon, M. Scott (2010). 'Critical Ideas in Times of Crisis': Reconsidering Smith, Marx, Keynes, and Hayek', Globalizations, 7 (1-2): 127-135.
- Sedas Nunes, Adérito (1992). História dos Factos e das Doutrinas Sociais, Lisboa, Editorial Presença, 1992.
- Samuelson, Paul A. e William D. Nordhaus (2010), Economia, 19th edition, New York, McGraw-Hill [existe tradução portuguesa, publicada em 2005, da 18.ª edição].
- Neves, Vítor (2010) ?O que é afinal o ?económico?? A Economia como ciência moral e política?, In V. Neves e J. Caldas (org.), A Economia Sem Muros, Coimbra, Almedina, pp. 31-44.
- Louçã, Francisco, e Caldas, José Castro (2009), Economia(s), Porto, Afrontamento.
- Dupont, Brandon (2017), The History of Economic Ideas. Economic Thought in Contemporary Context. London and New York: Routledge.
- Dupont, Randon (2017). The History of Economic Though, economic thought in contemporary context, Routledge.
- Colin, Jonathan (ed.) (2020), Os Grandes Pensadores da Economia: De Adam Smith a Amartya Sen, Coimbra: Actual.
- Chang, Ha-Joon (2016). Economia: Guia do Utilizador, Lisboa, Clube do Autor.
- Brue, Stanley e Randy Grant (2013), The Evolution of Economic Thought, 8.ª edição, Mason-Ohio: South-Western.
- Backhouse, Roger (2002), The Penguin History of Economics, Londres, Penguin Books.
- Amaral, J. Ferreira do et. al. (2007), Introdução à Macroeconomia,2.ª Edição, Lisboa, Escolar Editora, 2007.

I- What is the political theory?
II- The coming of the mass society and the reconceptualizations of democracy (Ostrogorsky, elite theory,Weber, Schumpeter)
III- The Western marxism (Lukács, Gramsci,Frankfurt School)
IV- Conservatism (from the social paternalism to the New Right)
V- Analytical political theory (Rawls, Nozick and their critics)
VI- New theories (Feminism, Greens, Fundamentalism).

a)a spoken presentation of one or more topics by a small group (however with individual mark), b)a written examination in order to estimate the level of knowledge and understanding of the whole subject. A special exam will be provided to the students which are not suceeded in the continuous assessment (or want to improve the mark obtained in this assessment).

Mandatory

Charles Taylor, A Secular Age, Harvard University Press, 2007, capítulos 1, 4, 20.
Michael Oakeshott, ?Rationalism in Politics? , ?On being conservative?, em Rationalism in Politics and other Essays, Methuen, 1962.
Michael Walzer, Spheres of Justice, Basic Books, 1984, capítulos 1, 12-13.
John Rawls, A Theory of Justice, Harvard University Press, 1999, capítulos 1-3.
Isaiah Berlin, ?Historical Inevitability?, ?Two concepts of Liberty?, em Liberty, Oxford University Press, 2002.
Herbert Marcuse, One-dimensional Man, Routldge, 2006, capítulos 1-4, 9-10.
Theodor Adorno e Max Horkheimer, Dialectic of the enlightenment, Stanford University Press, 2002, capítulos 1, 4-5.
Carl Schmitt, The Concept of the Political, University of Chicago Press, 2007, pp. 19-80.
António Gramsci, ?Hegemony, Relations of Force, Historical Bloc?, ?The Art and Science of Politics?, ?Passive Revolution, Caesarism, Fascism?, The Gramsci Reader. Selected Writings 1916-1935, New York University Press, 2000.

Optional

Katrina Forrester, In the Shadow of Justice: Postwar Liberalism and the Remaking of Political Philosophy, Princeton University Press, 2019
Sharon Krause, Reconstructing Liberal Individualism, Chicago: Chicago University Press, 2015
Andreas Kalyvas, Democracy and the Politics of the Extraordinary: Max Weber, Carl Schmitt, Hannah Arendt, Cambridge University Press, 2008
Eric nelson, The Theology of Liberalism: Political Philosophy and the Justice of God, Harvard/Belknap, 2019.
Eric nelson, The Hebrew Republic: Jewish Sources and the Transformation of Europe-an Political Thought, Harvard/Belknap, 2010
Peter Gordon, Migrants in the Profane: Critical Theory and the Question of Seculari-zation, 2020
Taylor, Charles, et al., Multiculturalism: Examining the Politics of Recognition , Princeton University Press, 1994
Seyla Benhabib, Exile, Statelessness, and Migration: Playing Chess with History from Hannah Arendt to Isaiah Berlin, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2018
Jan-Werner Müller, Constitutional Patriotism, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2007
Michael Sandel, Democracy?s Discontent: America in Search of a Public Philosophy, Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1996.

1-Political system and regime: origins and definitions
2-Feudalism, Absolutism and e Constitutionalism
3-Liberal regimes of the 19th century
4-Democracies: liberal, corporatist and social-democrat
5-European Fascism
6-Authoritarianism, Totalitarianism and Post-Totalitarianism
7-Empires and Post-colonial regimes
8-Authoritharianism in the age of democatization
9-Sub-national Authoritharianism
10-Democratic backsliding

Periodic evaluation: written examination test (100%). Writen final exam: optional (for students who have failed the course, with a grade below 10, and for students who wish to improve their grade)

Mandatory

A. Lührmann, et al. V-Dem Democracy Report 2020. Autocratization Surges ? Resistance Grows. V-Dem Institute
N. Bermeo, ?On Democratic Backsliding?, Journal of Democracy
J. Behrend, L. Whitehead, Illiberal Practices: Territorial Variance within Large Federal Democracies
S. Levitsky, L. . Way, Competitive Authoritarianism: Hybrid Regimes after the Cold War
J. Mahoney, Colonialism and Postcolonial Development: Spanish America in Comparative Perspective
T. Fernandes, ?Authoritarian Regimes and Pro-Democracy Semi-oppositions. The end of the Portuguese dictatorship (1968-1974) in comparative perspective?
J. Linz, Totalitarian and Authoritarian Regimes
M. Mann, Fascists
P. Schmitter and Terry Karl, ?What Democracy Is ... And Is Not?, Journal of Democracy
S. Berman, The Social-Democratic Moment
I. Wallerstein, The Modern World System: Centrist Liberalism Triumphant
T. Ertman, Birth of the Leviathan. Building States and Regimes
S. Huntington, Political Order in Changing Societies

Optional

Steven Levitsky, Lucan Ahmad Way, "The New Competitive Authoritarianism?, Journal of Democracy, 31, 1, January 2020
Robert Mickey, Paths out of Dixie: The Democratization of Authoritarian Enclaves in America?s Deep South, 1944 ? 1972, Princeton, Princeton University Press, 2015 (capítulos 1-3)
Jason Brownlee, Tarek Masoud, Andrew Reynolds, The Arab Spring: Pathways of Repression and Reform, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2015 (capítulos 1, 4-5)
Maya Tudor, The Promise of Power: The origins of Democracy in India and Autocracy in Pakistan, New York, Cambridge University Press, 2017 (capítulos 1-5)
Juan Linz, Alfred Stepan, Problems of Democratic Transition and Consolidation: Southern Europe, South America, and Post-Communist Europe, Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996 (Part I: Theoretical Overview)
Daniel Ziblatt, Conservative Parties and the birth of democracy, New York, Cambridge University Press, 2017 (capítulos 1-2 e 8-9)
Torben Iversen, David Soskice, Democracy and Prosperity: Reinventing Capitalism through a Turbulent Century, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2019 (capítulos 1-2 e 5)
Andrew Janos, East Central Europe in the Modern World, Stanford, Stanford University Press, 2002 (introdução e capítulos 2-4)
Reinhard Bendix, Kings or People. Power and the Mandate to Rule, Berkeley, University of California Press, 1980 (introdução e capítulos 7-8)
James C. Scott, Against the Grain: A Deep History of the Earliest States, New Haven, Yale University Press, 2017 (capítulos 1-3 e 7)

CP1 Empirical research in Social Sciences. The classification of methods (quantitative, qualitative, mixed);
CP2 The sources of information: Documentation; Observation; Inquiry;
CP3 Object, objectives and research designs.
a) Formulation of questions and research design: delimitation of the field of observation and production of information. a1 Research in documentary archives; a2 Participant observation; a3 Interviews and life stories.
b) The selection of cases, the question of sampling: selection of documents; selection of "observables"; selection of interviewees.
c) Production of information and validity of the information produced;
CP4 Techniques for collecting, recording and analyzing information:
a) Recording and analyzing the information collected in the research field
b) Analyzing the content of interviews
c) Analyzing the content of documents not produced by the researcher (media, official documents...).

Assessment throughout the semester includes two components:
1. Development of a research project (60%)
2. Individual written test (40%)
Conditions:
Students must obtain a minimum grade of 7 in all components, and must be present in at least 50% of classes.
The final grade awarded to each student in the group component may vary depending on the performance demonstrated during the work.

Final exam:
Students who are not undergoing assessment throughout the semester may opt for a final exam, which will correspond to 100% of the final grade.

Mandatory

Albarello, L., et.al (2005), Práticas e Métodos de Investigação em Ciências Sociais, Lisboa, Gradiva.
Burgess, R.G. (1997), A pesquisa de terreno: uma introdução, Oeiras, Celta Editora.
Flick, U. (2005), Métodos Qualitativos na Investigação Científica, Lisboa, Monitor.
Ghiglione, R., Matalon, B. (1996), O Inquérito. Teoria e Prática, Oeiras, Celta Editora.
Lee, R., M. (2003), Métodos não interferentes em pesquisa social, Lisboa, Gradiva.
Silva, A. S. e Pinto, J. M. (orgs.) (2014), Metodologia das Ciências Sociais, Porto, Afrontamento.

Optional

Atkinson, Robert (1998), The Life Story Interview, Qualitative Research Methods, California, Sage Publications.
Bardin, L. (2000), Análise de conteúdo, Lisboa, Edições 70.
Beaud, S., Weber, F. (2007).Guia para a pesquisa de campo, Petropolis, Vozes Lda.
Becker, H. (1997), Métodos de pesquisa em Ciências Sociais. São Paulo, Hucitec.
Berg, Bruce L. (1998). Qualitative research methods for the social sciences (3rd ed). Boston, Allyn and Bacon.
Blaikie, N. (2000), Designing Social Research, Cambridge, Polity Press.
Burton, D. (2000), Research training for social scientists, Londres, Sage.
Creswell, John W. (2007), Qualitative inquiry & research design : choosing among five approaches, London, Sage Publications.
Denzin, Norman K, Lincoln, Yvonna S. (1994), Handbook of Qualitative Research, California, Sage Publications.
Emmel, Nick (2013). Sampling and choosing cases in qualitative research : a realist approach. Thousand Oaks, Sage.
Foddy, W. (1996), Como perguntar, Teoria e prática da construção de perguntas em entrevistas e questionários, Oeiras, Celta Editora.
Gilbert, N (org.) (2001), Researching social life, Londres, Sage.
Morse, J.M. (2007), Aspectos essenciais de Metodologia de Investigação Qualitativa, Coimbra, Formasau.
Scott, J. (1990), A matter of record - Documentary sources in social research, Cambridge, Polity Press [caps. 1,2,3].
Silverman, David (ed.) (2011), Qualitative Research, London, Sage.
Thompson, P. (1985), The voice of the past: oral history, Oxford, Oxford University Press.

1. Principal Component Analysis (PCA)
1.1. Introduction
1.2. Definition of principal components
1.3. Eigenvalues and communalities
1.4. Criteria for the number of the principal components to extract
1.5. Interpreting the principal components
1.6. Rotation of the components: orthogonal and non-orthogonal methods
1.7. Computing and interpreting factor scores
1.8. Creating summated scales; Reliability analysis (Cronbach's Alpha)
1.9. Applications with SPSS
2. One-way Anova
2.1. Introduction
2.2. Assumptions; Model and hypotheses; F-test
2.3. A posteriori comparisons
2.4. Alternatives to the F test
2.5. Discussion and presentation of the results
2.6. Applications with SPSS
3. Two-way ANOVA
3.1. Assumption; Model and hypotheses; F tests
3.2. Comparisons a posteriori: with non-significant and with significant interaction effect
3.3. Discussion and presentation of the results
3.4. Applications with SPSS

There are two assessment modalities:
1. Assessment during the semester:
a) Group project to be submitted at the end of the semester, with presentation and discussion (40%); minimum grade: 10 points.
The project consists of preparing a data analysis report, applying the syllabus contents, based on a database provided by the teaching team.
Throughout the semester, there will be classes dedicated to developing the final report, in which all group members must be present.
b) 5 Mini-quizzes, of which the four best results count towards assessment (totaling 30% weight).
The mini-quizzes are conducted throughout the semester at the beginning of classes to review and assess the topics covered in the previous class(es). They are individual and last 10 minutes each.
In terms of format, they may include multiple-choice questions, true or false questions, direct questions, or filling in missing information in tables or text.
c) Two exercises applying SPSS (one related to PCA and another to two-factor ANOVA) and writing a results synthesis text (15% each), each with a minimum grade of 7 points.
The exercises applying SPSS are done after the completion of the corresponding syllabus content.
1. Exam assessment: written test (65%) and SPSS test with report writing (35%).
Grade improvement involves taking the written test (65%) and the exercise applying SPSS (35%).

Mandatory

Field, A. (2024). Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics (6th ed.). Sage Publications.
Maroco, J. (2021). Análise Estatística com o SPSS (8ª edição). Report Number.

Optional

Hair, J., Black, W.C., Babin, B.J., and Anderson, R.E. (2018). Multivariate Data Analysis (8th ed.). Cengage Learning.
Tabachnick, B., e Fidell, L. (2021). Using Multivariate Statistics (7th ed.), Pearson.
Reis, E. (2001). Estatística Multivariada Aplicada (2ª ed.). Sílabo.

ST (Syllabus Topic)1. Theoretical and methodological introduction
ST2. The Ultimatum and fall of the monarchy: the crisis of the liberal system.
ST3. The First Republic
ST4. The Military Dictatorship and the decline of liberalism
ST5. The New State
ST5.1. Political and Institutional Evolution
ST5.2. Portuguese Foreign Policy
ST5.3. Portugal and the Colonial Wars
ST6. Continuity in Evolution?: the Marcelismo (1968-1974)
ST7. Democratic Portugal
ST7.1. Democratization and Decolonization
ST7.2. Political Evolution of Democratic Portugal

1) Assessment throughout the semester:
A. Group assignment (3-4 students) to be presented in class and a written paper (12-15 pages): 40% of the final evaluation.
C. Final test: 60% of the final grade.

2) Final exam covering all course material.

Mandatory

Telo, António J., História Contemporânea de Portugal. Do 25 de Abril à Actualidade, Vols. I e II, Lisboa, Presença, 2007-2008. [H.133 His,5 v.1-2]
Rosas, Fernando, Rollo, Maria F. (coord.), História da Primeira República Portuguesa, Lisboa, Tinta Da China, 2009. [H.133 His,8]
Rosas, Fernando, História de Portugal. Volume VII. O Estado Novo (1926-1974), Lisboa, Círculo de Leitores, 1994. [H.130 His v.7]
Rosas, Fernando e Pedro Oliveira (coord.), A Transição Falhada. O Marcelismo e o fim do Estado Novo (1968-1974), Lisboa, Notícias Editorial, 2004.
Rezola, Maria I., 25 de Abril. Mitos de uma Revolução, Lisboa, Esfera dos Livros, 2007. [H.133 REZ*25]
Pinto, António Costa e Monteiro, Nuno G. (dir.), História Contemporânea de Portugal, 1808-2010, Lisboa: Objectiva e Fundacion Mapfre, 2018. [H.133 His,11 V.1-5]
Freire, André (org), O Sistema Político Português. Séculos XIX-XXI, Almedina, 2012. [S.192 Sis ex.2]

Optional

Valente, Vasco Pulido, Marcello Caetano. As Desventuras da Razão, Lisboa, Gótica, 2002.
Torgal, Luís Reis e Roque, João Lourenço, História de Portugal. Volume V. O Liberalismo (1807-1890), Lisboa, Círculo de Leitores, 1993.
Telo, António, Portugal na Segunda Guerra (1941-1945), vols. I e II, Lisboa, Vega, 1991.
Telo, António José, Decadência e queda da I República Portuguesa, 2º volume, Lisboa, A Regra do Jogo, 1984.
Telo, António José, ?As Guerras de África e a Mudança nos Apoios Internacionais de Portugal?, in Revista de História das Ideias, Vol. 16, 1994, pp. 347-369.
Telo, António José, ?A obra financeira de Salazar: a ditadura financeira como caminho para a unidade política, 1928-1932?, in Análise Social, vol. XXIX (128), 1994, pp. 779-800.
Teixeira, Nuno S., O Ultimatum Inglês. Política externa e política Interna no Portugal de 1890, Lisboa, Alfa, 1990.
Teixeira, Nuno S., O Poder e a Guerra 1914-1918: objetivos nacionais e estratégias e políticas na entrada de Portugal na Grande Guerra, Lisboa, Ed. Estampa, 1996
Teixeira, Nuno S. ?Política externa e política interna no Portugal de 1890: o Ultimatum Inglês?, Análise Social, (4.º), 1987 (n.º 98), pp. 687-719.
Teixeira, Nuno S. e Pinto, António Costa (Coord.), A 1ª República Portuguesa. Entre o Liberalismo e o Autoritarismo, Lisboa, Edições Colibri, 1999.
Teixeira, Nuno S. (coord.), História Militar de Portugal, Lisboa, Esfera dos Livros, 2017.
Silveira, Luís Espinha da, e Fernandes, Paulo Jorge, Reis de Portugal ? D. Luís, Lisboa, Círculo de Leitores, 2006.
Serrão, José Vicente, Pinheiro, Magda de Avelar e Ferreira, Maria de Fátima Sá e Melo (org.), Desenvolvimento Económico e Mudança Social. Portugal nos últimos dois séculos, Lisboa, Imprensa de Ciências Sociais, 2009.
Sá, Tiago M., Os Estados Unidos e a Democracia Portuguesa (1974-1976), Lisboa, Instituto Diplomático, 2009.
Sá, Maria de Fátima, Rebeldes e Insubmissos: Resistências Populares ao Liberalismo - 1834-1844, Porto: Edições Afrontamento, 2002.
Rollo, Fernanda, Portugal e a Reconstrução Económica do Pós-Guerra. O Plano Marshall e a economia portuguesa dos anos 50, Lisboa: Instituto Diplomático, 2007.
Rodrigues, Luís Nuno,, Marechal Costa Gomes. No Centro da Tempestade, Lisboa, Esfera dos Livros, 2008.
Rodrigues, Luís Nuno,, Spínola, Lisboa, Esfera dos Livros, 2010.
Rodrigues, Luís Nuno, A Legião Portuguesa. A Mílicia do Estado Novo, 1936-1944, Lisboa, Editorial Estampa, 1996.
Rodrigues, Luís Nuno, No Coração do Atlântico: os Estados Unidos e os Açores (1939-1948), Lisboa, Prefácio Editora, 2005.
Rodrigues, Luís Nuno, Kennedy-Salazar: a Crise de Uma Aliança. As Relações Luso-Americanas entre 1961 e 1963, Lisboa, Editorial Notícias, 2002.
Ribeiro, Maria da Conceição, A Polícia Política no Estado Novo (1941-1974), Lisboa, Estampa, 1990
Reis, António; Rezola, M. Inácia, e Santos, Paula B. (coord.), Dicionário de História de Portugal: o 25 de Abril, 8 volumes, Lisboa: Edições Figueirinhas, 2018.
Ramos, Rui, História de Portugal. Volume VI. A Segunda Fundação (1890-1926), Lisboa, Círculo de Leitores, 1994.
Ramos, Rui, D. Carlos. Lisboa, Temas & Debates, 2007.
Raby, Dawn Linda, A Resistência Antifascista em Portugal, Lisboa, Edições Salamandra, 1988.
Pinto, António Costa, Os Camisas Azuis. Ideologia, elites e movimentos fascistas em Portugal. 1914-1945, Lisboa, Editorial Estampa, 1994.
Pinto, António Costa, O Fim do Império Português. A Cena Internacional, a Guerra Colonial, e a Descolonização, 1961-1975, Lisboa, Livros Horizonte, 2001.
Pinto, António C. e Teixeira, Nuno S., A Europa do Sul e a Construção da União Europeia 1945-2000, Lisboa, ICS, 2005
Oliveira, Pedro, Os Despojos da Aliança. A Grã-Bretanha e a questão colonial portuguesa, 1945-1975, Lisboa, Tinta da China, 2007.
Ó, Jorge Ramos do, Os anos de Ferro. O dispositivo cultural durante a ?Política do Espírito?, 1933-1949, Lisboa, Editorial Estampa, 1999.
Neves, José (dir.), Como se faz um povo ? Ensaios em História Contemporânea de Portugal, Lisboa, Edições Tinta-da-China, 2010.
Morais, João & Violante, Luís, Contribuição para uma Cronologia dos Factos Económicos e Sociais. Portugal, 1926-1985, Lisboa, Livros Horizonte, 1986.
Meneses, Filipe R., Salazar. Uma biografia política, Lisboa, Dom Quixote, 2009.
Martins, Susana, Socialistas na oposição ao Estado Novo, Lisboa, Casa das Letras, 2005.
Marques, A. H. de Oliveira (coord.), Nova História de Portugal - Portugal da Monarquia para a República, vol. XI, 1ª edição, Lisboa, Editorial Presença, 1991.
Magalhães, José Calvet de, Portugal e as Nações Unidas. A Questão Colonial (1955-1974), Lisboa, IEEI, 1996.
Madureira, Arnaldo, O 28 de Maio. Elementos para a sua compreensão. I ? Na génese do Estado Novo, Lisboa, Presença, 1978.
MacQueen, Norrie, A Descolonização da África Portuguesa, Mem Martins, Editorial Inquérito, 1998.
Lopes, Fernando Farelo, Poder Político e Caciquismo na I República Portuguesa, Lisboa, Estampa, 1994.
Lains, Pedro e Silva, Alvaro Ferreira da, História Económica De Portugal 1700-2000, Vols. II e III, Lisboa, Imprensa de Ciências Sociais, ICS, 2005.
Freire, André (ed.), Eleições e Sistemas Eleitorais no século XX Português: Um Balanço Histórico e Comparativo, Lisboa, Colibri, 2011.
Freire, André, ?Eleições de segunda ordem e ciclos eleitorais no Portugal democrático, 1975-2004?, Análise Social, Volume XL (177), 2005, pp. 815-846.
Freire, André e Pinto, António C. (coord.), O Poder Presidencial em Portugal: Os Dilemas do Poder dos Presidentes na República Portuguesa, Lisboa, Dom Quixote, 2010.
Ferreira, J. Medeiros, História de Portugal. Volume VIII. Portugal em Transe (1974-1985), Lisboa, Círculo de Leitores, 1993.
Ferreira, José Medeiros, O Comportamento Político dos Militares. Forças Armadas e Regimes Políticos em Portugal no século XX, Lisboa, Editorial Estampa, 1992.
Farinha, Luís, O Reviralho. Revoltas Republicanas contra a Ditadura e o Estado Novo, 1926-1940, Lisboa, Editorial Estampa, 1998.
Delgado, Iva Delgado et al. (ed.), Humberto Delgado. As Eleições de 58, Lisboa, Vega, 1998.
Cunha, Alice, Dossiê Adesão. História do Alargamento da CEE a Portugal. Lisboa: ICS-Imprensa de Ciências Sociais, 2018.
Cruz, Manuel Braga da, O Partido e o Estado no Salazarismo, Lisboa, Presença, 1988.
Catroga, Fernando, O Republicanismo Em Portugal - Da Formação Ao 5 De Outubro De 1910, 2 Vols., Coimbra, Faculdade De Letras, 1991.
Castro, Francisco, O pedido de Adesão de Portugal às Comunidades Europeias. Aspectos político-diplomáticos, Cascais, Principia, 2010.
Campinos, Jorge, A Ditadura Militar 1926/1933, Lisboa, Publicações Dom Quixote, 1975.
Brito, J. M. Brandão de (Coord.), Do Marcelismo ao Fim do Império, Lisboa, Editorial Notícias, 1999.
Bonifácio, Fátima Maria de, O Século XIX Português, Lisboa, Imprensa de Ciências Sociais, 2002.
Bonifácio, Maria de Fátima, Seis Estudos sobre o Liberalismo em Portugal, Lisboa, Estampa, 1991.
Bethencourt, Francisco e Chaudhuri, Kirti (dir.), História da Expansão Portuguesa. Volumes IV-V, Lisboa, Círculo de Leitores, 1998-1999.
Barreto, António e Mónica, Maria Filomena (coord.), Dicionário de História de Portugal, Vols. 7 a 9, Porto, Figueirinhas, 1999-2000.
Almeida, Pedro Tavares de, Eleições e Caciquismo no Portugal Oitocentista (1868-1890), Lisboa, Difel, 1991.
Alexandre, Valentim, Velho Brasil, Novas Áfricas. Portugal e o Império (1808-1975), Porto, Edições Afrontamento, 2000.

Part 1 – Political Parties
PC 1. Introduction to the study of political parties
- Definition and functions of parties
PC 2. Classical typologies of political parties
- Cadre parties and mass parties (Duverger)
- Catch-all party (Kirchheimer) and professional-electoral party (Panebianco)
- Cartel party (Katz and Mair)
PC 3. Parties and Ideology
- Meaning and utility of "party families"
- Main party families
PC 4. Characteristics and evolution of political parties
- "Secret Garden": candidate selection
- Gender and parties
- Political campaigns

Part 2 – Party Systems
PC 5. Introduction to the study of party systems
- Classical typologies of party systems: Duverger, Sartori, and Mair
- Institutionalisation of party systems
- The evolution of party systems

Part 3 – Interest Groups
PC 6. Introduction to the study of interest groups
- Definitions and functions of interest groups
- Neocorporatism and pluralism
- Lobbying

Students can choose to complete the course through assessment throughout the semester or through assessment by exam.

The assessment throughout the semester has the following components:
a) Group oral presentation and participation in classes (exercises and debates) (30% of the final grade)
b) Completion of a group written assignment (30%)
c) Final test (40%)
All assessment components are mandatory, and the minimum grade admitted in each is 8 out of 20.

More details on the components of the assessment throughout the semester:
a) The group oral presentation is followed by a class debate. This component is assessed individually. The assessment of “class participation” is carried out as follows: 0.5, 1 or 1.5 points are added to the oral presentation mark of the most participative students. Being participative means: making thoughtful contributions during class, asking questions that show engagement with the material, taking part in debates and exercises, and demonstrating a focused and attentive attitude during lessons.

b) The written assignment is done in groups, and the grade is given to the group. The instructions for the written assignment vary from year to year and are provided on the first day of class. The evaluation criteria for written assignments are as follows: 1) Formal clarity of the work (quality of writing, structure, interconnection of sections): 20%; 2) Coverage of required content (quality/depth of information presented): 50%; Critical analysis/reflection: 15%; 4) Number/quality of academic readings and appropriate incorporation of the consulted bibliography into the work: 15%.

c) The test is individual, without consultation, and includes all the material. The exam has five questions, and the student must answer four. All questions carry the same weight.

Regarding assessment by exam (100%), this includes all the material and consists of one essay question and five shorter mandatory questions.

Mandatory

Jalali, Carlos (2019), “The Portuguese Party System: Evolution in Continuity?”, in António Costa Pinto e Conceição Pequito Teixeira (orgs), Political Institutions and Democracy in Portugal: Assessing the Impact of the Eurocrisis, London, Palgrave.

Lopes, Fernando Farelo (2007), “Os Partidos Políticos: famílias, ideologias e relações com os grupos de pressão”. Finisterra, 58/59/60, 47-65.

Mair, Peter (2004), Party System Change: Approaches and Interpretations, Oxford, Oxford University Press (Capítulo 9: “Party systems and structures of competition”).

Mair, Peter (2006), “Party system change”, in Richard Katz & William Crotty (orgs, 2006), Handbook of Party Politics, London, Sage Publications.

Lisi, Marco (2019, org), Grupos de Interesse e Crise Económica em Portugal, Lisboa, Sílabo (Capítulo: Introdução).

Ware, Alan (1996), Political Parties and Party Systems, Oxford, Oxford University Press (Capítulos: Introdução e Capítulo 1).

Optional

Coroado, Susana (2017), O Grande Lóbi, Lisboa, Objectiva.

Hazan, Reuven e Gideon Rahat (2006), “Candidate Selection: Methods and Consequences”, in Richard Katz e William Crotty (2006, orgs), Handbook of Party Politics, Londres, Sage Publications.

Katz, Richard e Peter Mair (1995), "Changing models of party organization and party democracy: the emergence of the cartel party". Party Politics 1 (1), pp. 5-28.

Lijphart, Arend (2012), Patterns of Democracy, New Haven, Yale University Press
(Capítulo 9: “Interest Groups: Pluralism Versus Corporatism”).

Lisi, Marco (2011), Os Partidos em Portugal: continuidade e transformação, Lisboa, Almedina (Capítulo: Introdução).

Mair, Peter (1990, org), The West European Party System, Oxford, Oxford University Press (Vários capítulos, ver Planeamento da UC).

Mainwaring, Scott e Timothy R. Scully (1995). ”Introduction: Party systems in Latin America”, in Mainwaring, Scott e Timothy R. Scully, Building Democratic Institutions: Party Systems in Latin America, Redwood City, Stanford University Press.

Sanches, Edalina (2018), Party Systems in Young Democracies: Varieties of institutionalization in Sub-Saharan Africa, Londres, Routledge.

Siaroff, Alan (1999) "Corporatism in 24 Democracies: Meaning and Measurement". European Journal of Political Research 36: 175-205.

Scarrow, Susan (2015), Beyond Party Members: Changing Approaches to Partisan Mobilization, Oxford, Oxford University Press.

Introduction
Concept of law. Sources of law. The legal system.
1. Law and State
1.1. The State
1.2. Elements of State
1.3. Functions and purposes of the State
1.4. Forms of State
1.5. Rule of law: genesis and evolution
1.6. European governance, law and State
2. Constitution and constitutionalism
2.1. Constituent power and the Constitution
2.2. Portuguese constitutionalism
2.3. Fundamental principles of the Constitution of 1976
2.4. Fundamental rights and duties
2.5. Structure and functions of State bodies
2.6. Sources of law and legislative procedure
2.7. Assurance and control of the constitutionality
2.8. Constitutional revision
3. Legal foundations of public administration
3.1. Concept of public administration
3.2. The Portuguese public administration
3.3. Legal principles of administrative organization and activity
03.04. Public bodies
3.5. Administrative procedure
3.6. Guarantees of the citizens

The UC can be attended under continuous assessment or final exam. Continuous assessment rules: (a) a written test (frequency) to be held at the end of the semester (50% of the grade); (b) an individual or group work to be done during the semester. Students must do (i) an oral presentation of the work in class (10 minutes), followed by a debate (20% of the grade), and submit a written text (c. 3000 words) summarizing the presentation (30% of the grade).

Mandatory

Sousa, Marcelo Rebelo de, e Sofia Galvão (2000), Introdução ao Estudo do Direito, Lisboa, Publicações Europa-América
Caupers, João e Vera Eiró(2016), Introdução ao Direito Administrativo, Lisboa, Âncora Editora
Canotilho, J. J. Gomes (1999), Estado de direito, Lisboa, Gradiva
Canotilho, J. J. Gomes e Vital Moreira (2014), Constituição da República Portuguesa anotada, Coimbra, Coimbra Editora
Batalhão, José Carlos (2017), Novo Código do Procedimento Administrativo - Notas práticas e jurisprudência, Porto Editora
Amaral, Maria Lúcia (2005), A Forma da República - Uma Introdução ao Estudo do Direito Constitucional, Coimbra, Coimbra Editora

Optional

A Constituição da República Portuguesa, o Código do Procedimento Administrativo e demais diplomas relativos quer à organização administrativa quer ao contencioso administrativo, bem como as decisões e declarações do Tribunal Constitucional e a colecção oficial de acórdãos do Supremo Tribunal Administrativo, podem ser consultados na edição electrónica do Diário da República, disponível em http://dre.pt/
Legislação e Jurisprudência
Ziller, Jacques (2008), "Europeização do direito - do alargamento dos domínios do direito na União Europeia à transformação dos direitos dos Estados membros", em Gonçalves, Maria Eduarda, e Pierre Guibentif, Novos Territórios do Direito - Europeização, Globalização e Transformação da Regulação Jurídica, Lisboa, Princípia
Gomes, João Salis (2010), Interesse público, controle democrático do Estado e cidadania?, em Augusto de Athayde et al., Em Homenagem ao Professor Doutor Diogo Freitas do Amaral, Coimbra, Almedina
Canotilho, J. J. Gomes (2017), Direito Constitucional e Teoria da Constituição, Coimbra, Almedina
Batalhão, Carlos José (2017) Direito - Noções Fundamentais, Porto Editora
Amaral, Diogo Freitas do (2018), Curso de Direito Administrativo, Volumes I e II, Coimbra, Almedina

1 – Elections and Democracy
2 – Electoral Systems
2.1 – Main types and elements of electoral systems
2.2 – Political consequences of different types of electoral systems
2.3 – Electoral system reforms: assumptions and current trends
3 – Electoral Behavior
3.1 – Electoral participation and abstention
3.2 – Voting behavior: classic models, electoral dealignment and realignment, contemporary debates

Continuous assessment throughout the semester (requires a minimum attendance of 70%):

1 – Participation in exercises and discussions (20% of the final grade).
2 – Group oral presentation (30%).
3 – Two written tests, held mid-semester and at the end of the semester (50%; 25% each).

Written exam covering the entire syllabus, to be taken by students who do not meet the requirements for continuous assessment.

Mandatory

Cruz, Manuel Braga da, (1998).Sistemas Eleitorais: o Debate Científico, Lisboa,ICS. Dalton, Russell J., e Klingemann, Hans-Dieter (eds.) (2007), The Oxford Handbook of Political Behavior, Oxford University Press. Freire, André (2001), Modelos do Comportamento Eleitoral: Uma Breve Introdução Crítica,Oeiras,Celta. Freire, André (2012),O Sistema Político Português, séculos XIX-XXI: Continuidades e Ruturas, Coimbra, Almedina, pp. 5-22, 257-300. Freire, André (2011), Eleições e Sistemas Eleitorais no século XX Português: Um Balanço Histórico e Comparativo, Lisboa, Colibri. LeDuc, Lawrence, e Niemi, Richard G., e Norris, Pippa (eds.), Comparing Democracies 2. New Challenges in the Study of Elections and Voting, Londres, Sage, pp. 148-168 e 189-209. Lopes, Fernando F., e Freire, André (2002), Partidos Políticos e Sistemas Eleitorais: Uma Introdução, Oeiras, Celta: II Parte. Freire, André (2024), Eleições, Partidos e Representação Política, Lisboa, Gradiva, no prelo.

Optional

Mandatory readings / Leituras obrigatórias:
Texto 1:
Klingemann, H., e Wessels, B. (2000). ?The political consequences of
Germany?s mixed member system: personalization at the grass roots??, in Shugart, M.S., e Wattenberg, M. P., orgs., Mixed-Member Electoral Systems: The Best of Both Worlds, Oxford, Oxford University Press, pp. 279-296.
Texto 2:
Curtice, J., e Shively, P. (2003). ?Quem nos representa melhor? Um deputado ou vários??, in Análise Social, n.º 167, pp. 361-386.
Texto 3:
Freire, André (2011), ?Eleições, Sistemas Eleitorais e Democratização: o caso português em perspectiva histórica e comparativa?, in Freire, André (organizador), Eleições e Sistemas Eleitorais no Século XX Português ? Um Perspectiva Histórica e Comparativa, Lisboa, Colibri, Capítulo 2, pp. 25-81. (Até ao período democrático, exclusive: 25-57)
Texto 4:
Freire, André (2010), ?Eleições, Sistemas Eleitorais e Democratização: o caso português em perspectiva histórica e comparativa?, in Freire, André (organizador), Eleições e Sistemas Eleitorais no Século XX Português ? Um Perspectiva Histórica e Comparativa, Lisboa, Colibri, Capítulo 2, pp. 25-81. (Só o período democrático: pp. 57-81)
Texto 5:
André, José Gomes (2008), ?Sistema político e eleitoral norte-americano. Um roteiro?, in Soromenho-Marques, Viriato, O Regresso da América. Que Futuro depois do Império, Lisboa, Esfera do Caos, pp. 155-169 e 173-180 e 195-236.
Texto 6:
Durverger, Maurice (1998), ?A influência dos sistemas eleitorais na vida política?, in Cruz, M.B. (org.), Sistemas Eleitorais: o Debate Científico, Lisboa, ICS, pp. 115-154.
Texto 7:
Sartori, Giovanni (1998), ?A influência dos sistemas eleitorais: leis defeituosas ou defeitos metodológicos??, in Cruz, M.B. (org.), Sistemas Eleitorais: o Debate Científico, Lisboa, ICS, pp. 223-248.
&
Lijphart, Arend (1998), ?A engenharia eleitoral: limites e possibilidades?, in Cruz, M.B. (org.), Sistemas Eleitorais: o Debate Científico, Lisboa, ICS, pp. 289-300.
Texto 8:
Freire, André (2010), ?Reformas eleitorais: objectivos, soluções, efeitos
prováveis e trade-offs necessários?, in número especial com o título «Sistema eleitoral e qualidade da democracia - Debate sobre o estudo: Para uma melhoria da representação política ? A reforma do sistema eleitoral», Eleições, 12, DGAI-MAI (ex-STAPE), pp. 25-60.
Texto 9:
Freire, André e Magalhães, Pedro (2002), ?Indicadores da abstenção eleitoral: vantagens e desvantagens relativas para a análise comparativa? e ?A evolução da abstenção nas eleições legislativas, presidenciais e europeias nas democracias industrializadas?, in A Abstenção eleitoral em Portugal, Lisboa, Imprensa de Ciências Sociais, pp. 21-40 e 41-70.
Texto 10:
Franklin, Mark (2002), ?The dynamics of electoral participation?, in LeDuc, Lawrence, e Niemi, Richard G., e Norris, Pippa (orgs.), Comparing Democracies 2. New Challenges in the Study of Elections and Voting, Londres, Sage, pp. 148-168.
Texto 11:
Franklin, Mark et al (1992), ?Introduction?, in Franklin, Mark N. et al (eds.),
Electoral change - responses to evolving social and attitudinal structures in western countries, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, pp. 3-32.
&
Franklin, Mark (1992), ?The decline of cleavage politics?, in Franklin, Mark
N. et al (eds.), Electoral change - responses to evolving social and attitudinal structures in western countries, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, pp. 383-405.
Texto 12:
Inglehart, Ronald (2007), ?Postmaterialist values and the shift from survival to self-expression values? in Dalton, Russell J., e Klingemann, Hans-Dieter (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Political Behavior, Oxford, Oxford University Press, pp. 223-239.
Texto 13:
Gunther, Richard (2004), ?As eleições portuguesas em perspectiva comparada:
partidos e comportamento eleitoral na Europa do Sul?, Freire, André, M.C. Lobo, P.C. Magalhães (editors) (2004), Portugal a Votos. As Eleições Legislativas de 2002, Lisboa, ICS/Imprensa de Ciências Sociais, pp. 35-86.
Texto 14:
Freire, André, Marco Lisi & Emmanouil Tsatsanis (2020), «Political representation studies in Portugal, before and after the ?Great Recession? Legitimation and the ideological linkages between voters and their representatives», in Freire, André, Mélany Barragan, Xavier Coler, Marco Lisi & Emmanouil Tsatsanis (editors) (2020), Political representation in Southern Europe and Latin America. Before and After the Great Recession and the Commodity Crisis, London, Routledge, pp. 66-84.
Texto 15:
Dalton, Russel J. (2002), ?Political cleavages, issues and electoral change?, in LeDuc, Lawrence, e Niemi, Richard G., e Norris, Pippa (orgs.), Comparing Democracies 2. New Challenges in the Study of Elections and Voting, Londres, Sage, pp. 189-209.
Texto 16:
Freire, André, Xavier Coller, Ioannis Andreadis, Antonio M. Jaime, Sofia Serra da Silva, & Evangelia Kartsounidou (2020), «Methodological challenges in the study of political elites. Some reflections from Southern Europe», in Freire, André, Mélany Barragan, Xavier Coler, Marco Lisi & Emmanouil Tsatsanis (editors) (2020), Political representation in Southern Europe and Latin America. Before and After the Great Recession and the Commodity Crisis, London, Routledge, pp. 120-136.
Complementary readings / Leituras complementares:
AA.VV. (1998a). Pareceres sobre o Anteprojecto de Reforma da Lei Eleitoral
para a Assembleia da República, Coimbra, PCM/MCT/FDUC.
Bacalhau, M. (1994), Atitudes, Opiniões e Comportamentos Políticos dos
Portugueses: 1973-1993, Lisboa, Ed. do Autor
Bartle, John, and Belluci, Paolo (2009), ?Introduction: Partisanship, social
identity and individual identity?, in Bartle, John, and Belluci, Paolo (eds.), Political Parties and Partisanship. Social Identity and Political Attitudes, London, Routledge, pp. 1-25.
Bartolini, S., e P. Mair (1990), Identity, Competition and Electoral Availability:
The Stabilization of European Electorates, 1885-1985, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
Boix, Carles, e Stokes, Susan (editors) (2007), The Oxford Handbook of
Comparative Politics, Oxford, Oxford University Press.
Campbell, Angus et al (1980 ?1960?), The American Voter, Chicago, Chicago
University Press
Clark, Terry, e Lipset, Seymour M. (orgs.) (2002), The Breakdown of Class
Politics. A Debate on Post-Industrial Stratification, Baltimore, The John Hopkins University Press, pp. 39-54.
Cruz, Manuel Braga da (organização e introdução de) (1998a), Sistema
eleitoral português: debate político parlamentar, Lisboa, INCM
Dalton, R. J. (1988), Citizen politics in western democracies - Public opinion
and political parties in the United States, Great Britain, Germany and France, New Jersey, Chatham House Publishers
Dalton, Russell J., e Klingemann, Hans-Dieter (eds.) (2007), The Oxford
Handbook of Political Behavior, Oxford, Oxford University Press.
Dalton, R., Flanagan, S.C., e Beck, P. A. (1984), Electoral Change in Advanced
Industrial Democracies: Realignment or Dealignment?, New Jersey, Princeton University Press.
Dalton, R., e M. P. Wattenberg (orgs.) (2000), Parties Without Partisans:
Political Change in Advanced Industrial Democracies, Oxford, Oxford University Press.
Diamandouros, N., e R. Ghunter, R. (eds.) (2000), Parties, Politics, and
Democracy in the New Southern Europe, Baltimore, The John Hopkins University Press.
Eijk, Cees van der, e Franklin, M. (2010), Elections and Voters, Londres,
Palgrave, Macmillan.
Freire, André (2006), Esquerda e Direita na Política Europeia. Portugal,
Espanha e Grécia em Perspectiva Comparada, Lisboa, Imprensa de Ciências Sociais.
Freire, André (2017), «Electoral reform in Portugal: The role of political scientists», Election Law Journal: Rules, Politics, and Policy, 16 (3), pp. 357-366, within the special issue, «Electoral reforms - What Political Scientists Know that Practitioners Don?t?», organized by Damien Bol, Camille Bedock & Thomas Ehrhard, http://www.liebertpub.com/overview/election-law-journal-rules-politics-and-policy/101/
Freire, André, e Marina C. Lobo (2005), ?Economics, Ideology and Vote: Southern Europe, 1985-2000?, European Journal of Political Research, Volume 44 (4), pp. 493-518.
Freire, André e Manuel Meirinho (2010), número especial com o título
«Sistema eleitoral e qualidade da democracia - Debate sobre o estudo: Para uma melhoria da representação política ? A reforma do sistema eleitoral», na revista Eleições, 12, DGAI-MAI (ex-STAPE), pp. 1-144.
Freire, André, and Teperoglou, Eftichia (2007), "Eleições Europeias e Política Nacional: Lições das «Novas» Democracias do Sul da Europa", Perspectivas, 02, pp. 29-54.
Freire, André, M. C. Lobo e P. Magalhães (editors) (2007), Eleições e Cultura
Política: Portugal no Contexto Europeu, Lisboa, Imprensa de Ciências
Sociais, ICS.
Freire, André, M.C. Lobo, P.C. Magalhães (editors) (2004), Portugal a Votos.
As Eleições Legislativas de 2002, Lisboa, ICS/Imprensa de Ciências Sociais.
Freire, André, e Pinto, António Costa (2005), O Poder dos Presidentes. A
República Portuguesa em Debate, Lisboa, Campo da Comunicação.
Freire, André, et al (2002), O Parlamento Português: Uma Reforma Necessária,
Lisboa, ICS/Imprensa de Ciências Sociais.
Freire, André Mélany Barragan, Xavier Coler, Marco Lisi & Emmanouil Tsatsanis (editors) (2020), Political representation in Southern Europe and Latin America. Before and After the Great Recession and the Commodity Crisis, London, Routledge
Gallagher, M., e Mitchell, P. (eds.) (2008), The Politics of Electoral Systems,
Oxford University Press.
Gaspar, Jorge, & André, Isabel (1990), Geografia Eleitoral I: Colectânea de
Artigos, Lisboa, INIC.
Gaspar, J. et al (1990), Geografia Eleitoral II: Colectânea de Artigos, Lisboa,
INIC, pp. 83-170.
Gunther, Richard, e Montero, José Ramon, e Puhle, Hans-Jürgen, Democracy,
Intermediation, and Voting on Four Continents, Oxford, Oxford University Press.
Inglehart, Ronald (1977), The Silent Revolution. Changing Values and Political
Styles among Western Publics, Princenton, Princeton University Press.
Inglehart, Ronald (1997), Modernization and Postmodernization, Princeton,
Princeton University Press.
Klingemann, H.-D. (2009), The Comparative Study of Electoral Systems,
Oxford, Oxford University Press.
Klingemann, H.-D. & D. Fuchs (eds.) (1998 ?1995?), Citizens and the State,
Oxford, Oxford University Press.
Lazarsfeld, P.F., Berelson, B.R., and Gaudet, H. (1948), The People? Choice.
How the Voter Makes Up his Mind in a Presidential Campaign, 2nd. Edition, New York, Columbia University Press.
Lewis-Beck, M. (1988), Economics and Elections: the Major European
Democracies, Ann Arbor, University of Michigan Press
Lijphart, Arend (1995), Sistemas electorales y sistemas de partidos, Madrid,
Centro de Estudios Constitucionales.
Lijphart, Arend (1999), Patterns of Democracy: Government Forms and
Performance in Thirty-Six Countries, Yale University Press.
Lisi, Marco, André Freire & Emmanouil Tsatsanis (2020), «Introduction», Marco Lisi, André Freire & Emmanouil Tsatsanis (editors) (2020), Political Representation and Citizenship in Portugal: from Crisis to Renewal?, Lexington Books ? Rowman & Littlefield, pp. 1-22.
Lobo, Marina Costa (org.), Sistema Eleitoral Português: Problemas e Soluções, E-Book, Edições Almedina.
Lobo, Marina Costa, e Magalhães, Pedro (editores) (2009), Eleições e Semi-
presidencialismo em Portugal, Lisboa, Imprensa de Ciências Sociais.
Lipset, S. M., and Rokkan, S. (eds.) (1967), Party Systems and Voter Alignments: Cross-National Perspectives, New York, NY: Free Press.
March, Luke, e Freire, André (2012), A Esquerda Radical em Portugal e na Europa. Marxismo, Mainstream ou
Marginalidade?, Porto, Quid Novi.
Martins, M. Meirinho (2004), Participação política e democracia: o caso português 1976-2000, Lisboa, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas.
Miller, W., and J. M. Shanks (1996), The New American Voter, Cambridge,
Harvard University Press.
Morais, Carlos B., e Araújo, António, e Freire, André (2004), Entre a
Representação Desigual e a Derrota dos Vencedores: Estudo sobre a Reforma do Sistema Eleitoral dos Açores, Lisboa, ICS.
Niemi, R. & Weisberg, H. (dir.) (1993a), Classics in voting behavior,
Congressional Quarterly.
Niemi, R. & Weisberg, H. (dir.) (1993b), Controversies in voting behavior,
Congressional Quarterly.
Nohlen, D. (1995), Sistemas electorales y systemas de partidos, México, Fondo
de Cultura Económica.
Norris, Pippa (ed.) (1998), Elections and voting behaviour: new challenges, new
perspectives, Dartmouth, Ashgate.
Norris, Pippa (2004), Electoral Engineering: Voting Rules and Political Behavior,
Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
Powell, G. B. (2000), Elections as Instruments of Democracy. Majoritarian and
Proportional Visions, New Haven, Yale University Press.
Rae, D.W. (1971 ?1967?), The Political Consequences of Electoral Laws, New
Haven,Yale University Press.
Sá, Luís (1992), Eleições e igualdade de oportunidades, Lisboa, Caminho.
Sartori, Giovanni (1999?1992?), ?Sistemas Electorales? in Elementos de teoría
política, Madrid, Alianza, pp. 279-308
Taagepera, R., & Shugart, M.S. (1989), Seats and Votes: the Effects and
Determinants of Electoral Systems, New Haven, Yale University Press.
Thomassen, Jacques (ed.) (2005), The European Voter. A Comparative Study
of Modern Democracies, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Van Deth, J.W. & E. Scarbrough (eds.) (1998 ?1995?), The Impact of Values, Oxford, Oxford University
Press.
André Freire, Da Geringonça à Maioria Absoluta. A Situação Política em Portugal e na Europa, 2023, Freire, André (2023), Da Geringonça à Maioria Absoluta. A Situação Política em Portugal e na Europa, Lisboa, Editora Gato Bravo.,

1. History of European Integration: from the ECSC to the Treaty of Lisbon
2. Key Concepts in the Study of European Integration
3. The European Commission
4. The European Parliament
5. The European Council
6. The Council of the European Union
7. Decision-Making Process in the European Union
8. Advisory Bodies, Interest Groups, and Lobbying
9. European Policies and the Europeanization of National Policies
10. Major Challenges in European Politics

I - Continuous assessment throughout the semester: Participation in class: 50% a) Individual presentation of a current news item related to the subject (5 minutes, prepared in advance, oral only) – 25% b) Group presentation of a discussion topic in class – 25%
Final test: 50% Minimum attendance: 70%
OR
II - Final exam assessment: a) Exam (100%) - more demanding than the continuous assessment, characterized by less objective questions requiring a comprehensive understanding of the material.

Mandatory

Richardson, Jeffery (2001), European Union: Power and Policy Making, Routledge Press.
Peterson, John e Shackleton, Michael (2006), The Institutions of the European Union, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Nugent, Neill (2006), The Government and Politics of the European Union, Londres: Palgrave MacMillan.

Hix, Simon (2005), The Political System of the European Union, 2ªed. Basingstoke: Palgrave.

Dinan, Desmond (2004), Europe Recast: The History of the European Union. Boulder, CO: Lynne Reinner.

Dinan, Desmond (2005), Ever Closer Union, An introduction to the European Community, Lynne Rienner Press.

Cini, Michelle (ed.) (2009), European Union Politics, 2ªed., Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Bomberg, Elizabeth e Stubb, Alexander (eds) (2003). The European Union - how does it work? Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Optional

Benedetto, Giacomo (2005), "Rapporteurs as Legislative Entrepreneurs: The Dynamics of the Codecision Procedure in Europe’s Parliament", Journal of European Public Policy, 12(1): 67-88.
Corbett, Richard, Jacobs, Francis, & Shackleton, Michael (2011), The European Parliament, 8th ed., London: John Harper.
Hix, Simon, Noury, Abdul G., & Roland, Gérard (2007), Democratic Politics in the European Parliament, Cambridge: University Press. (ICS: P.-4157)
Hooghe, Liesbeth (2001), The European Commission and the Integration of Europe - Images of Governance, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Hooghe, Liesbeth, & Marks, Gary (2001), Multi-Level Governance and European Integration, Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield. (ISCTE: S.198 HOO*Mul)
Kreppel, Amie (2002), "Moving Beyond Procedure: An Empirical Analysis of European Parliament Legislative Influence", Comparative Political Studies, 35(7): 784-813. (B-on)
Lewis, Jeffrey (2003), "Informal Integration and the Supranational Construction of the Council", Journal of European Public Policy, 10(6): 996-1019. (B-on)
Moravcsik, Andrew (2002), "In Defense of the 'Democratic Deficit': Reassessing the Legitimacy of the European Union", Journal of Common Market Studies, 40(4): 603-634.
Smith, Andy (2003), "Why European Commissioners Matter", Journal of Common Market Studies, 41(1): 137-156.
Thomson, Robert, & Hosli, Madeleine (2006), "Who Has Power in the EU? The Commission, Council and Parliament in Legislative Decision-making", Journal of Common Market Studies, 44(2): 391-417.
Tsebelis, G., & Garrett, G. (2001), "The Institutional Foundations of Intergovernmentalism and Supranationalism in the European Union", International Organization, 55(2): 357-390.
Wallace, Helen (2002), "The Council: An Institutional Chameleon?", Governance, 15(3): 325-344.
Westlake, Martin, & Galloway, David (2004), The Council of the European Union, Londres: John Harper.

1. The research process in Comparative Politics.
2. The different types of comparative research: from the historical-comparative method to QCA.
3. Topics and debates in Comparative Politics.

Continuous assessment throughout the semester (attendance in at least 2/3 of classes is mandatory):

1. Participation in in-class exercises and discussions (10% of the final grade)
2. Group presentation of a methodological text (15% of the final grade)
3. Written test (40% of the final grade)
4. Group presentation of a bibliographic review on comparative research in a subfield of Political Science (35% of the final grade)

Final exam for students who do not meet the requirements of continuous assessment.

Mandatory

Dogan, Mattei, e Dominique Pelassy (1990, 1984), How to Compare Nations.

Strategies in Comparative Politics, New Jersey, Chatham House Publishers.

Evera, Stephen van (1997), Guide to Methods of Students of Political Science, Ithaca, Cornell University

Press.

Porta, Donatella della, e Keating (editors) (2008), Approaches and Methodologies in the Social Sciences.

A Pluralist Perspective, Cambridge University Press

Geddes, Barbara (2007), Paradigms and Sand Castles. Theory Building and Research Design in

Comparative Politics, Ann Arbor, Michigan University Press.

Landman, Todd (2003), Issues and Methods in Comparative Politics. An

Introduction, Londres, Routledge.

Peters, Guy B. (1998), Comparative Politics. Theory and Methods, Nova Iorque,

New York University Press.

Optional

1. Leituras obrigatórias / Mandatory readings
Laboratório de Política Comparada ? Textos de Leitura obrigatória: Teórico- metodológicos (T) e Textos de Análise empírica (TD).
Textos teórico-metodológicos (T):
T-1 - Porta, Donatella della (2008), «Comparative analysis: case-oriented variable-oriented research», in Porta, Donatella della, e Keating (editors), Approaches and Methodologies in the
Social Sciences. A Pluralist Perspective, Cambridge University Press, pp. 198-222.
T-2.1 - Lijphart, Arend (1975), "The comparable cases strategy in comparative research", Comparative Political Studies, 8 (2), pp. 158-177.
T2.2 - Skocpol, Theda (1985, 1979), ?Introdução? e ?Conclusão?, Estados e
Revoluções Sociais. Análise Comparativa da França, Rússia e China, Lisboa, Presença, pp. 15-27 e 45-55 e 297-306..
T- 3 - Schmitter, Philippe (2008), «The design of social and political research», in Porta, Donatella della, e Keating (editors), Approaches and Methodologies in the Social Sciences. A Pluralist Perspective, Cambridge University Press, pp. 263-295.
T- 4 - Geddes, Barbara (2007), "How the cases you choose affect the answers you get: selection bias and related issues", Paradigms and Sand Castles. Theory Building and Research Design in Comparative Politics, Ann Arbor, Michigan Univ. Press, pp. 89-130.
T- 5.1 - Perea, Eva Anduiza, e Crespo, Ismael, e Lago, Mónica Méndez (1999), "La contrastación de hipótesis", Metodolgía de la Ciencia Política, Madrid, CIS, CM 28, pp. 105-124.
T5.2 - Ragin, Charles C. (1989, 1987), «The Comparative Method. Moving Beyond Qualitative and Quantitative Strategies, Berkley, University of California Press, pp. 1-40.
T5.3 - Rose McDermott (2002), «Experimental Methods in Political Science. Political Analysis», Volume 10, Nº4, pp. 325-342.
Textos exemplificativos de pesquisas empíricas (TD) / Examples of comparative research (TD):
TD-1.1 - Estudo de caso / Case study
Prata, Ana, André Freire & Sofia Serra-Silva (2020), «Gender and political representation before and after the Great Recession, 2008-2017», Marco Lisi, André Freire & Emmanouil Tsatsanis (editors) (2020), Political Representation and Citizenship in Portugal: from Crisis to Renewal, Lexington Books, Rowman & Littlefield, pp. 129-150.
TD1.2 - - Estudo de caso / Case study
Freire, André & Augusta Correia (2020), «Ideological and policy representation in Portugal, before and after the Great Recession, 2008-2017», in Marco Lisi, André Freire & Emmanouil Tsatsanis (editors) (2020), Political Representation and Citizenship in Portugal: from Crisis to Renewal, Lexington Books, Rowman & Littlefield, pp. 107-128.
TD - 2 - Estudo de caso comparados com enquadramento comparativo / Case Study with comparative framing
Freire, André, & Meirinho, Manuel (2012), «Institutional reform in Portugal: From the perspective of deputies and voters perspectives», Pôle Sud. Revue de Science Politique, Nº 36, 2012/1, pp. 107-125.
TD - 3 - Estudo comparativo descritivo - explicativo / Descriptive & explanatory comparative study
Freire, André (2017), «O potencial de coligação das esquerdas português», Para lá da «Geringonça»: O Governo de Esquerdas em Portugal e na Europa, Lisboa, Contraponto.
pp. 65-106.
TD - 4 - Estudo comparativo com dados agregados / comparative study with macro data
Matt Golder (2003), «Explaining variation of the success of extreme right parties in Western Europe», Comparative Political Studies, Vol. 36, Nº 4, pp. 432-466.
TD - 5 - Estudo comparativo longitudinal com dados individuais (II) / comparative longitudinal study with micro data (II)
Joost Van Spanje & Wouter Van Der Brug (2007), «The Party as Pariah: The Exclusion of Anti-Immigration Parties and its Effect on their Ideological Positions», West European Politics, Vol. 30, Nº 5, pp. 1022-1040.
TD- 6 - Estudo comparativo com análise multinível / Comparative Multi-level study
Freire, André (2015), «Left-Right Ideology as a Dimension of Identification and as a Dimension of Competition», Journal of Political Ideologies, January, Volume 20, Nº1, pp. 1?26, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13569317.2015.991493
TD- 7 - Estudo comparativo longitudinal com dados ao nível macro / comparative longitudinal study with macro data
Mikko Matilla e Tapio Raunio (2002), «Government formation in the Nordic countries: the Electoral connection», Scandinavian Political Studies, Vol. 25, Nº 3, pp. 259-280.
2. EXTRA OPCIONAL PARA ENSAIOS DE PESQUISA - Leituras complementares / Complementary readings
Alexander, Gerard (2001), ?Institutions, path dependance, and democratic
consolidation?, Journal of Theoretical Politics, 13 (3), pp. 249-269.
Alonso, Sonia, Volkens, Andrea, Gómez, Braulio (2012), Análisis de conteniido de textos políticos. Un enfoque
quantitativo, Madrid, CIS, Cuadernos Metodolóigicos, nº 47.
Baum, Michael & Ana Espírito-Santo (2012), «Portugal's Quota-Parity
Law: An Analysis of its Adoption», West European Politics, Vol. 35, Nº 2, pp. 319-342.
Boix, Carles, e Stokes, Susan (editors) (2007), The Oxford Handbook of
Comparative Politics, Oxford, Oxford University Press.
Caïs, Jordi (1997), Metodología del análisis comparativo, Cuadernos
Metodológicos, 21, Madrid, CIS.
Collier, David, e Mahon Jr., James E. (1993), ?Conceptual stretching revisited:
Adapting categories in comparative analysis?, American Political Science Review, 1987, pp. 845-855.
Caul, Miki (1999), «Women?s representation in Parliament», Party Politics, 5 (1), pp. 79-98.
D?Ancona, M. (1996), Metodología quantitativa. Estrategias y técnicas de
investigación social, Madrid, Síntesis, pp. 81-122.
Evera, Stephen van (1997), Guide to Methods of Students of Political Science, Ithaca, Cornell University Press, pp. 7-40
Freire, André (2006), ?Left-Right Ideological Identities in New Democracies:
Greece, Portugal and Spain in the Western European Context?, Pôle Sud ? Revue de Science Politique de l?Europe Méridionale, nº 25, II 2006, pp. 153-173.
Freire, André, Mélany Barragan, Xavier Coler, Marco Lisi & Emmanouil Tsatsanis
(editors) (2020), Political representation in Southern Europe and Latin America. Before and After the Great Recession and the Commodity Crisis, London, Routledge.
Gerring, John (2007), ?The case study: what it is and what it does?, in
Boix, Carles, e Stokes, Susan (editors), The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Politics, Oxford, Oxford University Press, pp. 90-122.
King, G., et al (2000, 1994), El Diseño de la Investigación Social. La Inferencia
Científica en los Estudios Cualitativos, Madrid, Alianza Editorial.
Lieberson, Stanley (1991), ?Small N?s and big conclusions. An examination of
the reasoning in comparative case studies based on a small number of cases?, Social Forces, 70 (2), pp. 307-320.
Lieberman, Evan S. (2001), ?Causal inferences in historical institutional
analysis. A specification of periodization strategies?, Comparative Political Studies, 34 (9), pp. 1011-1035.
Lijphart, Arend (1971), "Comparative politics and the comparative method", American Political Science Review, LXV, pp. 682-693.
Lisi, Marco, André Freire & Emmanouil Tsatsanis (editors) (2020), Political Representation and Citizenship in Portugal: from Crisis to Renewal?, Lexington Books ? Rowman & Littlefield.
Manheim, J., Rich, R. (1988), Análisis político empírico. Métodos de
investigación en ciencia política, Madrid, Alianza, 1988, pp. 281-306
Pennings, P., Keman, H., e Kleinnijenhuis, J. (1999), Doing Research in
Political Science. An Introduction to Comparative Methods and Statistics, London, Sage.
Pestana, Maria H., e João N. Gageiro (1998), Análise de Dados para as
Ciências Sociais. A Complementaridade do SPSS, Lisboa, Edições Sílado.
Perea, Eva Anduiza, e Crespo, Ismael, e Lago, Mónica Méndez (1999),
Metodología de la Ciencia Política, Madrid, CIS, CM 28.
Przeworski, Adam, e Henry Teune (1970), The Logic of Comparative Social
Inquiry, Nova Iorque, Wiley-Interscience.
Ragin, Charles C. (1989, 1987), The Comparative Method. Moving Beyond
Qualitative and Quantitative Strategies, Berkley, University of California Press.
Schriewer, Jürgen, e Kaelbe, Hartmut (2010), La comparación en las ciencias
socials e históricas ? un debate interdisciplinar, Barcelona, Octaedro / ICE-UB.
Skocpol, Theda, e Somers, Margaret (1980), ?The uses of comparative history in macrosocial inquiry?,
Comparative Studies in Society and History, 22, pp. 174-197.
Valles, Miguel S. (2000), ?Diseños y estrategias metodológicas en los estúdios caulitativos?, Técnicas Caulitativas de
Investigación Social, Madrid, Sintesis, pp. 69-108.
André Freire, Da Geringonça à Maioria Absoluta. A Situação Política em Portugal e na Europa, 2023, Freire, André (2023), Da Geringonça à Maioria Absoluta. A Situação Política em Portugal e na Europa, Lisboa, Editora Gato Bravo.,
Freire, André (2024), Eleições, Partidos e Representação Política, Lisboa, Editora Gradiva.,

1. Linear Regression Model
1.1. Definition and assumptions
1.2. Estimation of parameter; multiple correlation coefficient and coefficient of multiple determination; Inference about the model
1.3. Partial and semi-partial correlation coefficients
1.4. Discussion and presentation of the results
1.5. Applications with SPSS
2. Categorical regression: Binary Logistic
2.1. Logistic Regression versus Linear regression: models comparison
2.2. Logit transformation
2.3. Effect size of the model
2.4. Testing the model: Qui-square test
.2.5. Logistic Regression Coefficients: odds and odds ratio
2.6. Testing the coefficients: Wald test
2.7. Outliers: analysis of the residuals
2.8. Analyses with SPSS

There are two assessment modalities:
1. Assessment during the semester:
a) Group project to be submitted at the end of the semester, with presentation and discussion (40%); minimum grade: 10 points.
The project consists of preparing a data analysis report, applying the syllabus contents, based on a database provided by the teaching team.
Throughout the semester, there will be classes dedicated to developing the final report, in which all group members must be present.
b) 5 Mini-quizzes, of which the four best results count towards assessment (totaling 30% weight).
The mini-quizzes are conducted throughout the semester at the beginning of classes to review and assess the topics covered in the previous class(es). They are individual and last 10 minutes each.
In terms of format, they may include multiple-choice questions, true or false questions, direct questions, or filling in missing information in tables or text.
c) Two exercises applying SPSS (one related to Linear Regression and another to Logistic Regression) and writing a results synthesis text (15% each), each with a minimum grade of 7 points.
The exercises applying SPSS are done after the completion of the corresponding syllabus content.
2.Exam assessment: written test (65%) and SPSS test with report writing (35%).
Grade improvement involves taking the written test (65%) and the exercise applying SPSS (35%).

Mandatory

Field, A. (2024). Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics (6th ed.). Sage Publications.
Filho, D.F., Rocha, E., Paranhos, R., e Alexandre, J. (2015). Regressão logística em Ciência Política. Universidade Federal de Pernambuco.
Maroco, J. (2021). Análise Estatística com o SPSS (8ª edição). Report Number.

Optional

Hair, J., Black, W.C., Babin, B.J., and Anderson, R.E. (2018). Multivariate Data Analysis (8th ed.). Cengage Learning.
Hosmer Jr. D.W, Lemeshow, S., and Sturdivant, R.X. (2013). Applied Logistic Regression (3rd ed.). John Wiley & Sons Inc.
Menard, S. (2002). Applied Logistic Regression Analysis (2nded.) SAGE publications.
Menard, S. (2010). Logistic Regression: From Introductory to Advanced Concepts and Applications. SAGE publications.
Pampel, F. C. (2021). Logistic Regression. A Primer. SAGE publications.
Tabachnick, B., e Fidell, L. (2021). Using Multivariate Statistics (7th ed.), Pearson.

PC1: Origins and transformations of citizenship and political participation

PC1.1 Liberal democratic conceptions about the State and the citizen
PC1.2 Origins and enlargement of citizenship and political participation
PC1.3 Social movements and political parties: changes in conceptions and institutions of political participation
PC1 .4 liberal democracies in post World War II: welfare State and political participation

PC2 Political culture, values and participation

PC2.1 About the concept of political culture
PC2.2 Civic culture and democracy: the proposal of Almond and Verba
PC2.3. Changes of political values in democratic societies developed: the conceptions of Inglehart.
PC2.4 Current problems of democratic participation.

PC3. New forms and spaces of citizenship

PC3.1 The extension of citizenship to new matters
PC3.2 The postnational citizen theory and access of foreigners to citizenship
PC3.3 Digital citizenship
PC3.4 Environmental citizenship

A. Evaluation trhoughouth the semester

Group oral presentation (40%)
• Each group is asked to choose one of the topics analyzed during the course and to discuss it;
• Students should necessarily use and apply the literature provided and discussed for this specific topic (at least 4 ‘text units’), as well as the power point material, with explicit references in their presentation;
• Each ‘text unit’ can be an article or a chapter. When an entire book is suggested, this means that students can choose, for their presentations, one or more chapters from the book;
• Inclusion of additional readings is welcome;
• The topic can be dealt with in an empirical way (e.g., small research on a theme of interest of the students, carried out applying the analytical and methodological tools given during the course) or theoretical (discussion of concepts debated during the course and in the literature).
• The topics cannot be repeated, in order to diversify the presentations;
• Discussion is part of the assessment;
• The dimension and number of the groups depend on the number of students choosing continuous assessment and can be adjusted.

Empirical individual work 60%
During the last class, students complete an individual written assignment in the classroom. Students may choose between two options: a quiz on the material covered during class (4–5 questions) or a short essay (max. 3 exam pages) on a specific topic. The assignment must incorporate 5 content units from those made available during the course: three text units (one for each module; these cannot be the same ones used in the oral presentations) and two other resources (e.g., videos, social media content, etc.). Students must develop their own analysis and perspective, engaging in critical dialogue with the concepts presented throughout the course. The written exam accounts for 60% of the final grade. Students may consult printed articles, printed notes, or handwritten notes. They may not consult printed course slides and may not use any electronic devices.



B. Option final exam

The final exam is intended for students who are unable or unwilling to take the assessments throughout the semester. Students must write an essay of approximately 4,000 words in which they discuss content from audiovisual material provided by the instructor throughout the semester (e.g., a videoconference, a documentary, an event) using the course readings (at least one reading per class, as scheduled, covering both theoretical and practical classes). The essay must be submitted in the Moodle folder by 6:00 p.m. on the day of the exam.

Mandatory

Almond, Gabriel e Sidney Verba (1963 ), The Civic Culture: Political Attitudes and Democracy in Five Nations, Princeton, Princeton University Press

Barbalet, J. M. (1989), A Cidadania, Lisboa, Estampa, (Cap II e Cap III), pp 30-71.

Della Porta, D. and M. Diani. Social Movements. An Introduction. Hoboken: Wiley, pp. 93-121, pp. 164-191, pp. 194-218

Esping-Andersen, G. (1991) "As três economias políticas do welfare state". Lua Nova, nº24, pp.90-116.

Habermas, J. (1995) Três modelos normativos de democracia. Lua Nova

Heather, D. (2004) A brief history of citizenship. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press,

Inglehart, Ronald (1977), The Silent Revolution: Values and Political Styles Among Western Politics, Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Young, Iris Marion. 2000. Inclusion and Democracy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Optional

Accornero, G. e P. Ramos Pinto, '"Mild Mannered"? Protest and Mobilisation in Portugal under Austerity, 2010-2013'. West European Politics 38 (3): 491-515

Accornero, Guya, and O. Fillieule. 2016. ?So many as the stars of the sky in multitude, and as the sand which is by the sea shore innumerable?, in Social Movement Studies in Europe. The State of the Art, ed. by Olivier Fillieule and Guya Accornero. Oxford/New York, Berghahn, pp. 1-18

Adut, A. 2012. ?A Theory of the Public Sphere?, Sociological Theory 30(4) 238?262
Akkerman, T. (2012). ?Comparing Radical Right Parties in Government: Immigration and Integration Policies in Nine Countries (1996?2010)?, West European Politics 35(3): 511-529
Bauböck, R. e Tripkovic, M. (2018). The integration of migrants and refugees : an EUI forum on migration, citizenship and demography. Florence: EUI (open access)

Baum, M. e A. Espitiro Santos (2012), ?Portugal's quota-parity law: an analysis of its adoption?, West European Politics 35(2): 319-342

Beissinger, Mark. 2017. ‘“Conventional” and “Virtual” Civil Societies in Autocratic Regimes’, Comparative Politics 49(3): 351-371

Bellamy, R. e Castiglione, D. (2004) Lineages of European Citizenship. Rights, belonging and Participation in Eleven Nation-states. Palgrave Macmillan, Intro e conclusions.

Catroga, Fernando e Pedro Tavares de Almeida (orgs) (2010), Res Pública. Cidadania e representação política em Portugal, 1820-1926, pp 60-89, 142-155, 258

Choi, M. 2016.? A Concept Analysis of Digital Citizenship for Democratic Citizenship Education in the Internet Age?, Theory & Research in Social Education 44(4): 565-607.

Dalton, R. e Welzel (2014) "From allegiant to assertive citizens" em Dalton, R. e Welzel (eds.) The civic culture transformed. From allegiant to assertive citizens. Cambridge

Drake, Anna, 2021. Activism, Inclusion, and the Challenges of Deliberative Democracy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Falanga, Roberto, and Ligia Lüchmann. 2020. ‘Participatory Budgets in Brazil and Portugal: Comparing Patterns of Dissemination’, Policy Studies 41(6): 603-622.

Ferguson, A. G. (2017). The rise of big data policing: Surveillance, race, and the future of law enforcement. New York University Press

Fishman, Robert. 2019. Democratic Practice. Origins of the Iberian Divide in Political Inclusion, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Freire, André (2003), "Pós-Materialismo e Comportamentos Políticos: O caso Português em Perspectiva Comparativa", in Jorge Vala, Manuel Villaverde Cabral e Alice Ramos (orgs),Valores Sociais: Mudanças e Contrastes em Portugal e na Europa, Lisboa, ICS

Freire, André (2008), "Os referendos sobre a interrupção voluntária da gravidez: a participação diferencial como chave dos resultados", in André Freire (org), Sociedade Civil, Democracia Participativa e Poder Político, Lisboa, Fundação Friedricht Ebert, pp 41-66.

Hiebert, Kyle. 2024. ‘Generative AI Risks Further Atomizing Democratic Societies’, Centre for international governance innovation https://www.cigionline.org/articles/generative-ai-risks-further-atomizing-democratic-societies/

Hooghe, Marc e Ellen Quintelier (2014), "Political participation in European countries: The effect of authoritarian rule, corruption, lack of good governance and economic downturn", Comparative European Politics, 12, 209-232.

Inglehart, Ronald (2008): Changing Values among Western Publics from 1970 to 2006, West European Politics, 31:1-2, 130-146.

Kaase, M. 2007. ‘Perspectives on Political Participation’, in The Oxford Handbook of Political Behavior, edited by Russell J. Dalton and Hans?Dieter Klingemann. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Koopmans, R. 2007. ‘Social Movements’, in The Oxford Handbook of Political Behavior, edited by R. J. Dalton and H.D. Klingemann. Oxford: OUP.

Lister, Ruth (2003) Sexual Citizenship. Em Isin, E. e Turner, B. (2003) Handbook of citizenship studies. Sage Publications, pp. 131-157

Luchmann, L. e B. Baumgarten (2018), eds., Modalidades e trajetórias de participação política no Brasil e em Portugal, Florianopolis, Editora Insular

Magalhães, Pedro (2004), "Democratas, descontentes e desafectos: as atitudes dos portugueses em relação ao sistema político", in Freire, Costa Lobo e Magalhães, Portugal a Votos: as eleições legislativas de 2002, Lisboa, ICS: 333-36

Marshall, T. H. (1963), "Citizenship and social class", in Sociology at the crossroads and other essays, cap IV, Londres: Heinemann Educational Books, pp 67-127

Micheletti, M, Stolle, D. 2012. Sustainable Citizenship and the New Politics of Consumption, The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science

Mishra, Ramesh (1995), O Estado-Providência na Sociedade Capitalista, Oeiras, Celta, pp 5-19

Norris, Pippa. 2002. Democratic Phoenix. Reinventing Political Activism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Parvin, P. 2018. ?Democracy Without Participation: A New Politics for a Disengaged Era?, Res Publica 24: 31-52

Patenam, C. (1988) The Patriarchal Welfare State: Women and Democracy. em Gutman, A. (1988) Democracy and the Welfare State. Princeton: Princeton University

Pickering, J. Bäckstrand, K. e Schlosberg, D. 2020. Between environmental and ecological democracy: theory and practice at the democracy-environment nexus, Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning

Rodima-Taylor, Daivi. 2024. ‘Grassroots Data Activism and Polycentric Governance. Perspectives from the Margins’, in Global Digital Data Governance Polycentric Perspectives, ed. by Carolina Aguerre, Malcolm Campbell-Verduyn, Jan Aart Scholte. Abingdon: Routledge.

Sassen, S. (1996) Losing Control?: Sovereignty in an Age of Globalization. Columbia University Press, capítulo 3.

Schäfer, M. 2015. ‘Digital Public Sphere’, in Mazzoleni, Gianpietro et al. (2015, Eds.): The International Encyclopedia of Political Communication. London: Wiley Blackwell. Pp. 322-328.

Schäfer, Mike. 2015. ‘Digital Public Sphere’, in The International Encyclopedia of Political Communication, ed. by Gianpietro Mazzoleni et al. London: Wiley Blackwell, pp. 322-328.

Shachar, A. (2009) The Birthright lottery: Citizenship and Global inequality
Silva, F. C. da Brito Vieira, Mónica (2016) Direitos sociais na Constituição: uma análise da constitucionalização dos direitos sociais em Portugal, 1975-76, Relações internacionais, 49, pp.69-94

Silva, F. C. da Vieira, M. B.Pereira, C. R.(2017) Waiting for Godot? Welfare Attitudes in Portugal before and after the Financial Crisis, Political studies Vol. 65

Smith, Adrian, and Pedro Prieto Martín. 2021. ‘Going Beyond the Smart City? Implementing Technopolitical Platforms for Urban Democracy in Madrid and Barcelona’, Journal of Urban Technology 28(1-2): 311-330

Souza, Celina. 2000. ‘Participatory Budgeting in Brazilian Cities: Limits and Possibilities in Building Democratic Institutions’, Environment and Urbanization 13(1): 159-184

Tarrow, S. 2011. Power in Movement. Social Movements and Contentious Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp.1-29; pp. 196-2014

Turner, B. (2016) We are all denizens now: on the erosion of citizenship, Citizenship Studies, 20 (6-7), pp. 679-692.

Viegas, José Manuel Leite e Belchior, Ana (2010), "Mudanças e continuidades no modelo de participação política em Portugal. Análise comparada europeia", Perspectivas, nº 5, pp 18-42.

Viegas, José Manuel Leite e Eduardo Costa Dias (2000), "Globalização e novos horizontes da cidadania", in José Manuel Leite Viegas e Eduardo Costa Dias (orgs), Cidadania, Integração, Globalização, Oeiras Celta, pp 1-10.

CP1. Characteristics of a good research topic. Scientific and social relevance.
CP2. Conducting bibliographic research.
CP3. Writing research objectives and hypotheses.
CP4. Conceptualization and operationalization of concepts.
CP8. Choice of methodology, research techniques and type of data.
CP9. Selection of data sources and data collection.
CP10. Selection of data sources and data collection.
CP11. Writing a research project.

The assessment throughout the semester has the following components:

- Participation in classes: individually and in group exercises (20%)
- Two written assessments carried out in groups, to be delivered throughout the semester (10% + 15% = 25%)
- Oral presentation of the research project by the group, with assessment of individual performance (15%)
- Written work at the end of the semester (research project, with around 20 pages, that may be subject to subsequent discussion with the teacher - grades may differ within the group) (40%).

Students who do not pass the assessment throughout the semester (ie, if the weighted grade of the assessment items above is less than 9.5 values) can take a final exam at the scheduled assessment periods.

Mandatory

Bardach, Eugene, e Eric M. Patashnik (2024), A Practical Guide for Policy analysis. The Eightfold Path to More Effective Problem Solving, 7ªed., Thousand Oaks, Sage e CQ Press.
Box-Steffensmeier, Janet M. (ed.) (2010), The Oxford Handbook of Political Methodology, Oxford, OUP.
Clark, Tom; L Foster, L. Sloan, C. Brookfield & A. Bryman (2026). Bryman's Social Research Methods, 7th ed., Oxford, OUP.
Johnson, Janet Buttolph, e H. T. Reynolds (2020), Political Science Research Methods, 9ªed., Los Angeles, Sage.
Landman, Todd e L. Carvalho (2017), Issues and Methods in Comparative Politics. An Introduction, 4th. Ed., Londres, Routledge.
Shively, W. Phillips e J. W. Endersby (2025). The Craft of Political Research, 11st. ed. Londres, Routledge.
Pollock III, Philip H., e Barry C. Edwards (2019), The Essentials of Political Analysis, 6ª ed., Washington, CQ Press.

Optional

Baglione, Lisa A. (2020), Weiting a Research Paper in Political Science. A Practical Guide to Inquiry, Structure, & Methods, 4th. Ed., Thousand Oaks, Sage.
Bardin, Laurence (2018), Análise de Conteúdo, Lisboa, Edições 70.
Blaikie, Norman (2007), Approaches to social enquiry: advancing knowledge, Cambridge, Polity Press.
Boix, Charles, e Stokes, Susan (editors) (2007), The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Politics, Oxford, OUP.
Booth, Wayne C.; Gregory G. Colomb; Joseph M. Williams; Joseph Bizup; e William T. Fitzgerald (2024), The Craft of Research, Chicago and London, The University of Chicago Press.
Bradburn, Norman; Sudman, Seymour; e Wansink, Brian (2004), Asking Questions. The definitive guide to questionnaire design, San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Bryman, Alan (2021), Social Research Methods, 7th ed., Oxford, Oxford University Press.
Carvalho, Helena (2004), Análise Multivariada de Dados Qualitativos, Lisboa, Sílabo.
Charmaz, Kathy (2025), Constructing grounded theory: A practical guide through qualitative analysis, 3rd. ed., Londres, Sage.
Creswell, John W. e J. David Creswell (2023), Research Design. Qualitative & Quantitative Approaches, Thousand Oaks, 6ªed., Sage.
Dalton, Russell J., e Klingemann, Hans-Dieter (eds.) (2008), The Oxford Handbook of Political Behavior, Oxford, OUP.
Denzin, Norma K., e Yvonna S. Lincoln (2005), The Sage Handbook of Qualitative Research, Thousand Oaks, SAGE.
Dexter, Lewis Anthony (2006), Elite and Specialized Interviewing, Londres, ECPR Press.
Della Porta, Donatella e Michael Keating (eds.) (2008), Approaches and Methodologies in the Social Sciences. A Pluralist Perspective, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
Field, Andy (2024), Discovering statistics using SPSS, 6ªed., Londres: Sage.
Flick, U. (2022), An Introduction to Qualitative Research, 7th. ed., Sage.
Foddy, William (1996), Como Perguntar. Teoria e Prática da Construção de Perguntas para Entrevistas e Questionários, Oeiras, Celta Editora.
Guerra, Isabel Carvalho (2006), Pesquisa Qualitativa e Análise de Conteúdo: sentidos e formas de uso, Estoril, Princípia.
Hancke, B. (2009), Intelligent Research Design. A Guide for Beginning Researchers in the Social Sciences, Oxford, OUP.
Ketele, J-M. e X. Roegiers (s/d), Metodologia de Recolha de Dados. Fundamentos dos Métodos de Observações, de Questionários, de Entrevistas e de Estudo de Documentos, Lisboa, Instituto Piaget.
King, Gary, Robert Keohane e Sidney Verba (2021), Designing Social Inquiry, Princeton, Princeton University Press.
Moreira, Carlos Diogo (2007), Teorias e práticas de investigação, Lisboa, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa. Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas.
Le Roy, Michael K. (2012), Research Methods in Political Science. An Introduction using Microcase, Boston, Wadsworth.
Lessard-Hébert, M; G. Goyette; G. Boutin (2023), Investigação Qualitativa. Fundamentos e Práticas, Lisboa, Instituto Piaget.
O’Dochartaigh, Nial (2002), The Internet Research Handbook: A Pratical Guide for Students and Researchers in the Social Sciences, Londres, Sage Publications.
Pennings, P., Keman, H., e Kleinnijenhuis, J. (2006), Doing Research in Political Science. An Introduction to Comparative Methods and Statistics, 2ªed., Londres, Sage.
Rich, Richard C., Craig L. Brains, Jarol B.Manheim, e Lars Willnat (2026), Empirical Political Analysis, 9ªed., Nova Iorque, Routledge.
Rhodes, R. A. W. (ed.) (2006), The Oxford Handbook of Political Institutions, Oxford, OUP.
Ridley, Diana (2026), The Literature Review: A Step-by-Step Guide for Students, 3ªed., Londres, Sage.
Scott, John (1990), A Matter of Record. Documentary Sources in Social Research, Cambridge, Polity Press.
Silverman, David (2024), Interpreting Qualitative Data, 7ªed., Los Angeles, Sage.
Silverman, David (ed.)(2022) Doing Qualitative Research (6ª ed), Londres, Sage.

• Diagnoses of modernity: solid modernity, postmodernity, reflexive modernity and liquid modernity.
• Institutions of modernity.
• Kant: Enlightenment, reason, autonomy and the public use of critique.
• Marshall: citizenship, social rights, the welfare state and the social question.

• Habermas: modernity as an unfinished project, the public sphere and communicative reason.
• Foucault: power/knowledge, discipline, normalisation and the historical critique of modern reason.

• Beck: risk society, reflexive modernisation and the reinvention of politics.
• Bauman: liquid modernity, insecurity, individualisation and the fragility of social bonds.
• Boltanski and Chiapello: the new spirit of capitalism, critique, flexibility and precarity.

• Alexander: the ambivalences of modernity and the civil sphere.
• Zuboff: surveillance capitalism, datafication and behavioural modification.

Assessment throughout the semester
1. In-class work: group analysis of texts by the authors included in the syllabus, using the scientific text analysis framework.
Weighting: 20% of the final grade.
Participation in at least 6 of these assignments is compulsory.
2. Group assignment: in-class presentation of a recently published opinion article, critically linked to the authors and theories discussed in class.
Weighting: 30% of the final grade.
3. Written test on the syllabus content, with consultation of a document prepared in advance by the students, with a maximum length of 5 double-sided pages, taken in person on the date of the final examination in the first examination period.
Weighting: 50% of the final grade.
A minimum grade of 8 out of 20 is required in each assessment component. Failure to obtain this minimum grade in any component results in failure of the course unit.
Assessment by examination
• Written examination, taken in person, with consultation of a document prepared in advance by the students, with a maximum length of 5 double-sided pages, in the first, second and special examination periods.
Grade improvement
• Students may sit the final examination in the second examination period or in the special examination period.

Mandatory

*referências completas na bibliografia complementar

ALEXANDER, Jeffrey C. (2006), The Civil Sphere

BAUMAN, Zygmunt (2001 [2000]), “Emancipação”

BECK, Ulrich (2000 [1994]), “A Reinvenção da Política: Rumo a uma teoria da modernização reflexiva”

BHAMBRA, Gurminder K. (2007), Rethinking Modernity: Postcolonialism and the Sociological Imagination

BOLTANSKI, Luc and CHIAPELLO, Ève (2005 [1999]), The New Spirit of Capitalism

FOUCAULT, Michel (1984 [1983]), “What is Enlightenment?”

GIDDENS, Anthony (1990), The Consequences of Modernity

HABERMAS, Jürgen (2017 [1980]), A Modernidade: Um Projecto Inacabado?

KANT, Immanuel (1984 [1784]), “Resposta à pergunta: O que é o Iluminismo?”

MARSHALL, T. H. (1950), “Cidadania e Classe Social”

ZUBOFF, Shoshana (2021 [2019]), “Lar ou Exílio no Futuro Digital”

Optional

Core bibliography

ALEXANDER, Jeffrey C. (2006), The Civil Sphere, Oxford, Oxford University Press.
BAUMAN, Zygmunt (2001 [2000]), “Emancipação”, in Zygmunt Bauman, Modernidade Líquida, Rio de Janeiro, Zahar Editores, pp. 23–63.
BECK, Ulrich (2000 [1994]), “A Reinvenção da Política: Rumo a uma teoria da modernização reflexiva”, in Ulrich Beck, Anthony Giddens and Scott Lash, Modernização Reflexiva: Política, Tradição e Estética no Mundo Moderno, Oeiras, Celta Editora, pp. 1–51.
BHAMBRA, Gurminder K. (2007), Rethinking Modernity: Postcolonialism and the Sociological Imagination, Basingstoke, Palgrave Macmillan.
BOLTANSKI, Luc and CHIAPELLO, Ève (2005 [1999]), The New Spirit of Capitalism, London, Verso.
FOUCAULT, Michel (1984 [1983]), “What is Enlightenment?”, in Paul Rabinow (ed.), The Foucault Reader, New York, Pantheon Books, pp. 32–50.
GIDDENS, Anthony (1990), The Consequences of Modernity, Cambridge, Polity Press.
HABERMAS, Jürgen (2017 [1980]), A Modernidade: Um Projecto Inacabado?, Lisbon, Nova Vega, pp. 35–75.
KANT, Immanuel (1984 [1784]), “Resposta à pergunta: O que é o Iluminismo?”, available on the Lusosofia platform.
MARSHALL, T. H. (1950), “Cidadania e Classe Social”, in T. H. Marshall and Tom Bottomore, Citizenship and Social Class, Rio de Janeiro, Zahar Editores, pp. 57–114.
ZUBOFF, Shoshana (2021 [2019]), “Lar ou Exílio no Futuro Digital”, in Shoshana Zuboff, A Era do Capitalismo de Vigilância: A Luta por um Futuro Humano na Fronteira do Poder, Rio de Janeiro, Intrínseca.

Supplementary bibliography

ALEXANDER, Jeffrey C. (1995), “Modern, Anti, Post, and Neo”, New Left Review, I/210, pp. 63–101.
ALEXANDER, Jeffrey C. (2013), The Dark Side of Modernity, Cambridge, Polity Press.
BARBALET, J. M. (1988), Citizenship: Rights, Struggle and Class Inequality, Milton Keynes, Open University Press.
BECK, Ulrich (1992 [1986]), Risk Society: Towards a New Modernity, London, SAGE.
BLACKSHAW, Tony (2005), “Bauman’s Sociology: His Theory of Modernity”, in Tony Blackshaw, Zygmunt Bauman, London/New York, Routledge.
FINLAYSON, James Gordon (2005), Habermas: A Very Short Introduction, Oxford, Oxford University Press.
FOUCAULT, Michel (2018 [1975]), Vigiar e Punir: O nascimento da prisão, Lisbon, Edições 70.
GUTTING, Gary (2005), Foucault: A Very Short Introduction, Oxford, Oxford University Press.
LEFEBVRE, Henri (1995 [1962]), Introduction to Modernity: Twelve Preludes, September 1959–May 1961, London/New York, Verso.
PARFITT, Harry (2021), “Think With Google: Foucauldian Challenges to Zuboff’s Surveillance Capitalism”, Jura Gentium, 18(2), pp. 160–187.
SCRUTON, Roger (2001), Kant: A Very Short Introduction, Oxford, Oxford University Press.
SØRENSEN, Mads P. and CHRISTIANSEN, Allan (2013), Ulrich Beck: An Introduction to the Theory of Second Modernity and the Risk Society, London/New York, Routledge.
SUSEN, Simon (2023), “A New Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere? With, Against and Beyond Habermas”, Society, 60, pp. 842–867.

Module 1. PLANNING AND PUBLIC POLICIES
1.1 Framing in the public policies context
1.2 Operationalising public policy concept
1.3 Formulating, designing and programming public policies
1.4 Planning as an intervention for change
1.5. Tools for systemic approach

2. MAIN PHASES OF A METHODOLOGY FOR SOCIO-ECONOMIC PLANNING
2.1. Diagnostic
2.2. Strategy
2.3. Action Plan
2.4. Management, monitoring and evaluation
2.5. Communication

Assessment throughout the semester relies on two components: a practical assignment and a written test. The final grade is calculated using the following weighting:
• Practical assignment – ​​70% of the final grade;
• Written test – 30% of the final grade.
The course unit also offers an exam-based assessment option consisting of a written test, in accordance with the General Regulation on the Assessment of Knowledge and Competencies currently in force.

Mandatory

CAPANO, G., HOWLETT, M., RAMESH, M. e VIRANI, A. (2019). Making policies work: First- and second-order mechanisms in policy design. Edward Elgar Publishing.
CAPUCHA, L. & CARAMELO, S. (2024). Ciências sociais aplicadas: planeamento e avaliação de políticas públicas. Almedina.
HOWLETT, M. & MUKHERJEE, I. (eds) (2018). Routledge handbook of policy design. Routledge.
HOWLETT, M. (2019). Designing public policies: Principles and instruments. (2nd. Ed.). London: Routledge.
MCNABB, D. e LEE, C. (2020). Public sector strategy design: Theory and practice for government and nonprofit organization. Abingdon: Routledge.

Optional

BAMBERGER, M. J., RUGH, J. e MABRY, L. (2006), RealWorld evaluation. Working under budget, time, data and political constrains, Sage, London.
BAMBERGER, Michael (eds.) (2000), Integrating quantitative and qualitative research in development projects, The World Bank, Washington.
BARBIER, Jean-Marie (1996), Elaboração de projectos de acção e de planificação, Porto Editora, Porto.
BARBIER, René (1996), La recherche action, Anthropos, Paris.
BRYSON, John (1995), Strategic planning for public and non-profit organisation, Jossey-Bass, São Francisco.
BUSQUETS, Juan (1995), Planeamiento: pasado reciente y futuro proximo, Sociedade e Territorio, n.º 22, pp.10-21.
CALDAS, José Maria e PERESTRELO, Margarida (1998), Instrumentos de análise para o método dos cenários: I - Análise estrutural, Documento de Trabalho de DINÂMIA ? WP98/09, Novembro de 1998.
CALLEY, N. (2011), Program development in the 21st Century: an evidence-based approach to design, implementation and evaluation, Sage.
CASTRO CALDAS, José Maria (2001), Escolha e instituições: análise económica e simulação multiagentes, Celta Editora, Oeiras.
COMISSÃO EUROPEIA (1999), Evaluating socio economic development, Serviço das Publicações Oficiais das Comunidades Europeias, Luxemburgo.
COMISSÃO EUROPEIA (2003), Means collection: evaluating socio economic programmes ? the guide, sl.
DE COURSON, Jacques (1999), La prospective des territoires, concepts, méthodes, résultats, Éditions CERTU, Paris.
DGOTDU (1996), Guia para a Elaboração de Planos Estratégicos de Cidades Médias, DGOTDU, Lisboa.
DUROSE, C. e RICHARDSON, L. (2016). Designing public policy for co-prodution: Theory, practice and change. Policy Press.
ECKERT, Denis (1996), Évaluation et prospective des territoires, GIP RECLUS ? La Documentation Française, Paris.
FISCHER, Franc e FORESTER, John (eds.) (1993), The argumentative turn in policy analysis and planning, UCL Press, Londres.
FORESTER, John (1993), Critical theory, public policy and planning practice, State University of New York Press, Albany.
FRIEDMAN, John (1987), Planning in public domain: from knowledge to action, Princeton University Press, New Jersey.
FUNNELL, S. e ROGERS, P. (2011), Purposeful program theory: effective use of theories of change and logic models, Jossey-Bass, San Francisco.
GABINA, Juanjo; (1998), Prospectiva y Ordenación del Território, Marcombo Boixareu Editores, Barcelona
GODET, M (1991), Prospectiva e Planificación Estratégica, S. G. Editores, Barcelona
GODET, Michel (1993), Manual de prospectiva estratégica, da antecipação à acção, Publicações D. Quixote, Lisboa.
GODET, Michele DURANCE, Philippe (2008), La prospective stratégique : pour les entreprises et les territoires, Dunod, Paris.
GOUX-BAUDIMENT, Fabienne (2000), Donner du futur aux territoires, Éditions CERTU, Paris.
GREED, Clara (2000), Introducing Planning, The Athlone Press, Londres.
GUERRA, I. (2007), Fundamentos e processos de uma sociologia de acção: o planeamento em ciências sociais, 2.ª Ed., Princípia, Cascais.
GUERRA, Isabel (2000), Planeamento Estratégico das Cidades: Organização do Espaço e Acção Colectiva, Cidades ? Comunidades e Territórios, nº 1, CET/ISCTE, pp. 37-55.
GUERRA, Isabel (2005), O planeamento no contexto de uma sociologia da acção, Cidades - Comunidades e Territórios, n.º 10, pp. 13-24.
GUERRA, Isabel (2006), Participação e Acção Colectiva - Interesses, conflitos e consensos, Princípia, Cascais.
GUERRA, Isabel (2006), Pesquisa qualitativa e análise de conteúdo, Princípia, Cascais.
HATEM, Fabrice (1996), Introdution à la prospective, Economia, Paris.
HILL, Manuela e HILL, Andrew (1998), A construção de um questionário, Documento de Trabalho de DINÂMIA ? WP98/11, Outubro de 1998.
HOWLETT, M. (2019). The policy design primer: Choosing the right tools for the job. Routledge.
HOWLETT, M., RAMESH, M e PERL, A. (2020). Studying public policy: policy cycles and policy subsystems. (4th. Ed.) Oxford: OUP.
IMPERATORI, Emílio e GIRALDES, Mª Rosário (1993), Metodologia do Planeamento da Saúde, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, 3.ª Ed., Lisboa
JOUVENEL, Hughes (1999), La démarche prospective. Un bref guide méthodologique, Futuribles, n.º 247, pp. 47-67.
KETTNER, P., MORONEY, R. e MARTIN, L. (2013), Designing and managing programs: an effectiveness-based approach, 4. Ed., Sage, Thousand Oaks.
LEMAIGNAN, C. e DOMERGE, J. (1991), Développer une réflexion prospective en région, Aditech, Paris.
MAYER, Robert (et. al.)(2000), Méthodes de recherche en intervention sociale, Gaëtan Morin Éditeur, Boucherville.
MÉGAR, Dominique (2017), La communication publique et territoriale, 2.ª Ed., Dunod, Malakoff.
MINZTBERG, Henry (2004), Grandeur et décadence de la planification stratégique, Dunod, Paris.
NEVES, António (1996), Planeamento Estratégico e Ciclo de Vida das Grandes Cidades, Celta, Oeiras.
NORAD (1999), The logical framework approach: handbook for objectives-oriented planning, 4.ª Ed., NORAD, Oslo.
PERESTRELO, Margarida (2002), Planeamento Estratégico e Avaliação: Metodologias de Análise Prospectiva, Cidades ? Comunidades e Territórios, nº 4, CET/ISCTE, pp. 33-43.
PERESTRELO, Margarida e CALDAS, José (1996), Estratégia de actores: prospectiva e avaliação, Sociologia ? Problemas e Práticas, n.º 22, pp. 81-94.
PERESTRELO, Margarida e CALDAS, José Maria (2000), Instrumentos de análise para o método dos cenários: II ? Estratégia de actores, Documento de Trabalho de DINÂMIA ? WP2000/17, Março de 2000.
REEVES, D. (2005), Planning for diversity. Policy and planning in a world of difference, Routledge, Abingdon.
RIETBERGEN-MCCRACKEN, Jennifer e NARAYAN, Deepa (eds.)(1998), Participation and social assessment: tools and techniques, The World Bank, Washington.
RODRIGUES, Walter (2005), Planeamento e Governança Territorial: uma Reflexão Sociológica a Partir do Terreno, Cidades ? Comunidades e Territórios, nº 10, CET/ISCTE, pp. 25-34.
SORIANO, Fernando I. (2013), Conducting needs assessments: a multidisciplinary approach, second edition, Sage, Thousand Oaks.
WANDERSMAN, Abraham (et. al.) (1990), Getting to outcomes: methods and tools for planning, self-evaluation and accountability, CSAP, Rochville.
WITKIN, Belle e ALTSHULD, James (1996), Planning and conducting needs assessments: a practical guide, Sage, Londres.
WU, X., RAMESH, M., HOWLETT, M. e FRITZEN, S. (2017). The public policy primer: managing the policy process. (2nd. Ed.). Routledge.

1. Political Economy and Globalization: conceptual issues
2. Global dynamics and Political Economy debates in the long run
3. The Post-World War II order
4. Neoliberalism
5. Developmental States
6. Rethinking globalization: contemporary dynamics and challenges

Periodical Assessment:
Test 1 (35%)
Test 2 (35%)
Group work (30%)
(mandatory to participate in the three elements)
Or

Final Exam (100%)

In the second season, assessment also consists of a Final Exam (100%)

Mandatory

Ravenhill, John (org.) (2020). Global Political Economy, 6th edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press. [E.152 Glo 6ªed. ]
Dani Rodrik, The Globalization Paradox, 2011, Oxford UP,
Joseph Siglitz, Globalization and its Discontents Revisited, 2017, W.W. Norton and Company,

Optional

Acharya, Amitav (2017), After Liberal Hegemony: The Advent of a Multiplex World Order, Ethics and International Affairs 31:3, pp.271-285
Frieden, Jeffry (2006). Global Capitalism: Its fall and rise in the twentieth century. Nova Iorque: Norton
Moschella, Manuela and Catherine Weaver (2013), Players, power and paradigms in Manuela Moschella and Catherine Weaver eds., Handbook of Global Economic Governance (London: Routledge)
Norloff, Carla (2010), America´s Global Advantage: US Hegemony and International Coooperation (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)
UNDP (2013), Human Development Report 2013, The Rise of the South: Human Progress in a Diverse World (UNDP Publishing)
Heillener, Eric (1994), States and the Reemergence of Global Finance: From Bretton Woods to the 1990s (Ithaca: Cornell University Press)
Germain, Randall (2013), The historical origins and development of global financial governance in Manuela Moschella and Catherine Weaver eds., Handbook of Global Economic Governance (London: Routledge)
UNCTAD (2015), Global Value Chains and South-South Trade, Economic Cooperation and Integration among Developing Countries, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
Ravenhill, John (2014), Production Networks in Asia in Saadia Pekkanen, John Ravenhill and Rosemary Foot eds., Oxford Handbook of the International Relations of Asia (Oxford: Oxford University Press)
Bannerman, Gordon (2015), The Free Trade Idea in Lisa Martin, ed., Handbook of Political Economy of International Trade (Oxford: Oxford University Press)

(ST= Syllabus Topic)
ST 1. WHAT IS THE STATE?
ST 1.1. Origins and historical evolution
ST 1.2. The concepts of power and influence: the instruments of the state
ST 1.3. Theoretical debates on the state: institutions, globalisation and the transformation of the state
ST 2. MODERN STATE: THE EXPANSION OF THE FUNCTIONS OF THE STATE
ST 2.1. From the modern state to the welfare state: characteristics and effects of the models
ST 2.2. State and economy: between intervention and regulation
ST 3. PUBLIC POLICIES
ST 3.1. Characteristics, design and the study of public policies
ST 3.2. The steps in the policy cycle as analytical lenses on the policy making process
ST 3.3. Theories of the political process (national/European/international)
ST 3.4 Public policies in Portugal

Group presentation (30%) and written test (70%)
Or
Exam

Mandatory

Bourdieu, P (2014) Sobre o Estado. Lisboa: Edições 70.
Cairney, P. (2020). Understanding Public Policy: Theories and Issues (2nd ed.). Red Globe Press.
Dingwerth, K., & Jörgens, H. (2015). Environmental Risks and the Changing Interface of Domestic and International Governance. In: The Oxford Handbook of Transformations of the State (pp. 338?354). Oxford University Press.
Ferrera, M (2008) The European Welfare State: Golden Achievements, Silver Prospects. West European Politics, 31(1-2): 82-107.
Hay, C., Lister, M., & Marsh, D. (Eds.). (2006). The State: Theories and Issues. Palgrave.
Hood, C., & Margetts, H. (2007). The Tools of Government in the Digital Age. Palgrave.
Knill, C., & Tosun, J. (2020). Public Policy: A New Introduction (2nd ed.). Red Globe Press.
Mozzicafreddo, J (2000) Estado-Providência e cidadania em Portugal. Oeiras: Celta.
Pierson, C (2011) The modern State. Devon: Routledge.
Scott, J (2001). Power. Cambridge: Polity Press

Optional

Araral, E., Fritzen, S., Howlett, M., Ramesh, M., & Wu, X. (Eds.). (2013). Routledge Handbook of Public Policy. Routledge.
Bardach, E., & Patashnik, E. M. (2016). A Practical Guide for Policy Analysis: The Eightfold Path to More Effective Problem Solving (5th ed.). CQ Press.
Baumgartner, F. R., & Jones, B. D. (2009). Agendas and Instability in American Politics (2nd ed.). The University of Chicago Press.
Birkland, T. A. (2016). An Introduction to the Policy Process: Theories, Concepts, and Models of Public Policy Making (4th ed.). Routledge.
Chevallier, J (1999). L'État. Paris: Dalloz.
Dye, T. R. (2017). Understanding Public Policy (15th ed.). Pearson.
Dyson, K (1980) The State Tradition in Western Europe: a study of an idea and institution. Colchester: ECPR.
Esping-Anderson, G (1996). Welfare State in transition. Londres: Sage.
Esping-Anderson, G (1999). Um Estado providencia para o Século XXI? In Robert Boyer et al. (2000), Para uma Europa da Inovação e do Conhecimento. Oeiras: Celta.
Ferrão, J e Paixão, JMP (2018) Metodologias de avaliação de políticas públicas. Lisboa: UL.
Flora, P e Heidenheimer, A, eds. (1990). The Development of Welfare State in Europe and America. New Jersey: Transaction Publishers
Heinelt, H., & Münch, S. (Eds.). (2018). Handbook of European Policies: Interpretive Approaches to the EU. Edward Elgar.
Howlett, M., & Mukherjee, I. (Eds.). (2017). Handbook of Policy Formulation. Edward Elgar.
Kersbergen, K e Vis, B (2014) Comparative Welfare State Politics - Development, Opportunities and Reform. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Leibfried, S e Zürn, M (2005). Transformation of the State? Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Lukes, S (2005). Power. A Radical View. Nova Iorque: Palgrave Macmillan.
Majone, G (1994). The rise of the regulatory State in Europe?, West European Politics, 17(3): 77-101.
Majone, G (1997). From the positive to the regulatory State: Causes and consequences of changes in the mode of governance?, Journal of Public Policy, 17(2): 139-167.
Mamede, R P (2017). O papel do Estado no desenvolvimento das capacidades produtivas. In Rodrigues, J et al. Economia com todos. Lisboa: Relógio de Água, p. 71-88.
Moran, M, Rein, M e Goodin, R (2008). The Oxford Handbook of Public Policy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Mozzicafreddo, J (1998). Estado, Modernidade e Cidadania? In Viegas, J M L e Costa, A F da, orgs., Portugal, que Modernidade? Oeiras: Celta Editora.
Muller, P (1990). Les Politiques Publiques. Paris: PUF.
Offe, C (1984). Problemas Estruturais do Estado Capitalista. Rio de Janeiro: Tempo Brasileiro.
Offe, C (1996). "Social-scientific aspects of the regulation-deregulation debate". In Modernity and the State - East, West, Cambridge: Polity Press, p. 72-89.
Peters, B G (1996). The Future of Governing: Four Emerging Models, Kansas: University Press of Kansas.
Rocha, J A Oliveira (2010). Gestão do processo político e políticas públicas. Forte da Casa: Escolar Editora.
Sorensen, G (2010). La transformación del Estado. Valencia: Tirant lo Blanch.
Waters, M (1999). Globalização. Oeiras: Celta.
Wu, X., Ramesh, M., Howlett, M., & Fritzen, S. (2012). The Public Policy Primer: Managing the Policy Process. Routledge.
Wu, X., Ramesh, M., Howlett, M., & Fritzen, S. (2014). Guia de Políticas Públicas: Gerenciando Processos. Enap.
Zahariadis, N. (Ed.). (2016). Handbook of Public Policy Agenda Setting. Edward Elgar.
Políticas Públicas em Portugal
Carmo, R M do e Rodrigues, J, coord. (2009). Onde Pára o Estado? Políticas Públicas em tempo de crise. Lisboa: Edições Nelson de Matos.
Mamede, R. P., & Silva, P. A. e. (Eds.). (2020). O Estado da Nação e as Políticas Públicas 2020 - Valorizar as Políticas Públicas. IPPS.
Mamede, R. P., & Silva, P. A. e. (2019). O Estado da Nação e as Políticas Públicas 2019: Menos Reformas, Melhores Políticas. IPPS.
Rodrigues, ML, Garoupa, N, Magalhães, O, Gomes, C & Fonseca, R G, org. (2017). 40 anos de políticas de justiça em Portugal. Coimbra: Almedina.
Rodrigues, M de L e Silva, P A e, orgs. (2015). Governar com a Troika. Políticas públicas em tempo de austeridade. Coimbra: Almedina.
Rodrigues, ML e Heitor, M, orgs. (2015). 40 Anos de políticas de ciência e de ensino superior. Coimbra: Almedina.
Rodrigues, M de L e Silva, P A e, orgs. (2013). Políticas Públicas para reforma do Estado. Coimbra: Almedina.
Rodrigues, ML , org. (2012). 40 Anos de políticas de educação em Portugal. Coimbra: Almedina, 2 vols.
Rodrigues, M de L e Silva, P A e, orgs. (2012). Políticas públicas em Portugal. Lisboa: INCM.
Soromenho-Marques, V e Trigo Pereira, P, eds. (2015). Afirmar o Futuro: Políticas Públicas para Portugal. Lisboa: Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian.
Simões J, Augusto GF, Fronteira I, Hernández-Quevedo C. Portugal: Health system review. Health Systems in Transition, 2017; 19(2):1?184.http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0007/337471/HiT-Portugal.pdf
Carapinheiro, G. & Pinto, M. (1987). Políticas de saúde num país em mudança. Sociologia, Problemas e Práticas. 3, 73-109. file:///C:/Users/user/Downloads/Pol%C3%ADticas%20de%20sa%C3%BAde%20num%20pa%C3%ADs%20em%20mudan%C3%A7a.pdf
Política Europeia
Wallace, H, et al. (2010). Policy-making in the European Union. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 6th ed.
http://www.euro.who.int/en/about-us/partners/observatory
Journal of European Public Policy
https://www.tandfonline.com/toc/rjpp20/current
European Unions Policy
https://ec.europa.eu/info/strategy_en
https://europarlamentti.info/en/values-and-objectives/policies/
Blogue: https://paulcairney.wordpress.com/

(ST= Syllabus Topic)
ST 1. WHAT IS THE STATE?
ST 1.1. Origins and historical evolution
ST 1.2. The concepts of power and influence: the instruments of the state
ST 1.3. Theoretical debates on the state: institutions, globalisation and the transformation of the state
ST 2. MODERN STATE: THE EXPANSION OF THE FUNCTIONS OF THE STATE
ST 2.1. From the modern state to the welfare state: characteristics and effects of the models
ST 2.2. State and economy: between intervention and regulation
ST 3. PUBLIC POLICIES
ST 3.1. Characteristics, design and the study of public policies
ST 3.2. The steps in the policy cycle as analytical lenses on the policy making process
ST 3.3. Theories of the political process (national/European/international)
ST 3.4 Public policies in Portugal

Group presentation (30%) and written test (70%)
Or
Exam

Mandatory

Bourdieu, P (2014) Sobre o Estado. Lisboa: Edições 70.
Cairney, P. (2020). Understanding Public Policy: Theories and Issues (2nd ed.). Red Globe Press.
Dingwerth, K., & Jörgens, H. (2015). Environmental Risks and the Changing Interface of Domestic and International Governance. In: The Oxford Handbook of Transformations of the State (pp. 338?354). Oxford University Press.
Ferrera, M (2008) The European Welfare State: Golden Achievements, Silver Prospects. West European Politics, 31(1-2): 82-107.
Hay, C., Lister, M., & Marsh, D. (Eds.). (2006). The State: Theories and Issues. Palgrave.
Hood, C., & Margetts, H. (2007). The Tools of Government in the Digital Age. Palgrave.
Knill, C., & Tosun, J. (2020). Public Policy: A New Introduction (2nd ed.). Red Globe Press.
Mozzicafreddo, J (2000) Estado-Providência e cidadania em Portugal. Oeiras: Celta.
Pierson, C (2011) The modern State. Devon: Routledge.
Scott, J (2001). Power. Cambridge: Polity Press

Optional

Araral, E., Fritzen, S., Howlett, M., Ramesh, M., & Wu, X. (Eds.). (2013). Routledge Handbook of Public Policy. Routledge.
Bardach, E., & Patashnik, E. M. (2016). A Practical Guide for Policy Analysis: The Eightfold Path to More Effective Problem Solving (5th ed.). CQ Press.
Baumgartner, F. R., & Jones, B. D. (2009). Agendas and Instability in American Politics (2nd ed.). The University of Chicago Press.
Birkland, T. A. (2016). An Introduction to the Policy Process: Theories, Concepts, and Models of Public Policy Making (4th ed.). Routledge.
Chevallier, J (1999). L'État. Paris: Dalloz.
Dye, T. R. (2017). Understanding Public Policy (15th ed.). Pearson.
Dyson, K (1980) The State Tradition in Western Europe: a study of an idea and institution. Colchester: ECPR.
Esping-Anderson, G (1996). Welfare State in transition. Londres: Sage.
Esping-Anderson, G (1999). Um Estado providencia para o Século XXI? In Robert Boyer et al. (2000), Para uma Europa da Inovação e do Conhecimento. Oeiras: Celta.
Ferrão, J e Paixão, JMP (2018) Metodologias de avaliação de políticas públicas. Lisboa: UL.
Flora, P e Heidenheimer, A, eds. (1990). The Development of Welfare State in Europe and America. New Jersey: Transaction Publishers
Heinelt, H., & Münch, S. (Eds.). (2018). Handbook of European Policies: Interpretive Approaches to the EU. Edward Elgar.
Howlett, M., & Mukherjee, I. (Eds.). (2017). Handbook of Policy Formulation. Edward Elgar.
Kersbergen, K e Vis, B (2014) Comparative Welfare State Politics - Development, Opportunities and Reform. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Leibfried, S e Zürn, M (2005). Transformation of the State? Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Lukes, S (2005). Power. A Radical View. Nova Iorque: Palgrave Macmillan.
Majone, G (1994). The rise of the regulatory State in Europe?, West European Politics, 17(3): 77-101.
Majone, G (1997). From the positive to the regulatory State: Causes and consequences of changes in the mode of governance?, Journal of Public Policy, 17(2): 139-167.
Mamede, R P (2017). O papel do Estado no desenvolvimento das capacidades produtivas. In Rodrigues, J et al. Economia com todos. Lisboa: Relógio de Água, p. 71-88.
Moran, M, Rein, M e Goodin, R (2008). The Oxford Handbook of Public Policy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Mozzicafreddo, J (1998). Estado, Modernidade e Cidadania? In Viegas, J M L e Costa, A F da, orgs., Portugal, que Modernidade? Oeiras: Celta Editora.
Muller, P (1990). Les Politiques Publiques. Paris: PUF.
Offe, C (1984). Problemas Estruturais do Estado Capitalista. Rio de Janeiro: Tempo Brasileiro.
Offe, C (1996). "Social-scientific aspects of the regulation-deregulation debate". In Modernity and the State - East, West, Cambridge: Polity Press, p. 72-89.
Peters, B G (1996). The Future of Governing: Four Emerging Models, Kansas: University Press of Kansas.
Rocha, J A Oliveira (2010). Gestão do processo político e políticas públicas. Forte da Casa: Escolar Editora.
Sorensen, G (2010). La transformación del Estado. Valencia: Tirant lo Blanch.
Waters, M (1999). Globalização. Oeiras: Celta.
Wu, X., Ramesh, M., Howlett, M., & Fritzen, S. (2012). The Public Policy Primer: Managing the Policy Process. Routledge.
Wu, X., Ramesh, M., Howlett, M., & Fritzen, S. (2014). Guia de Políticas Públicas: Gerenciando Processos. Enap.
Zahariadis, N. (Ed.). (2016). Handbook of Public Policy Agenda Setting. Edward Elgar.
Políticas Públicas em Portugal
Carmo, R M do e Rodrigues, J, coord. (2009). Onde Pára o Estado? Políticas Públicas em tempo de crise. Lisboa: Edições Nelson de Matos.
Mamede, R. P., & Silva, P. A. e. (Eds.). (2020). O Estado da Nação e as Políticas Públicas 2020 - Valorizar as Políticas Públicas. IPPS.
Mamede, R. P., & Silva, P. A. e. (2019). O Estado da Nação e as Políticas Públicas 2019: Menos Reformas, Melhores Políticas. IPPS.
Rodrigues, ML, Garoupa, N, Magalhães, O, Gomes, C & Fonseca, R G, org. (2017). 40 anos de políticas de justiça em Portugal. Coimbra: Almedina.
Rodrigues, M de L e Silva, P A e, orgs. (2015). Governar com a Troika. Políticas públicas em tempo de austeridade. Coimbra: Almedina.
Rodrigues, ML e Heitor, M, orgs. (2015). 40 Anos de políticas de ciência e de ensino superior. Coimbra: Almedina.
Rodrigues, M de L e Silva, P A e, orgs. (2013). Políticas Públicas para reforma do Estado. Coimbra: Almedina.
Rodrigues, ML , org. (2012). 40 Anos de políticas de educação em Portugal. Coimbra: Almedina, 2 vols.
Rodrigues, M de L e Silva, P A e, orgs. (2012). Políticas públicas em Portugal. Lisboa: INCM.
Soromenho-Marques, V e Trigo Pereira, P, eds. (2015). Afirmar o Futuro: Políticas Públicas para Portugal. Lisboa: Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian.
Simões J, Augusto GF, Fronteira I, Hernández-Quevedo C. Portugal: Health system review. Health Systems in Transition, 2017; 19(2):1?184.http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0007/337471/HiT-Portugal.pdf
Carapinheiro, G. & Pinto, M. (1987). Políticas de saúde num país em mudança. Sociologia, Problemas e Práticas. 3, 73-109. file:///C:/Users/user/Downloads/Pol%C3%ADticas%20de%20sa%C3%BAde%20num%20pa%C3%ADs%20em%20mudan%C3%A7a.pdf
Política Europeia
Wallace, H, et al. (2010). Policy-making in the European Union. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 6th ed.
http://www.euro.who.int/en/about-us/partners/observatory
Journal of European Public Policy
https://www.tandfonline.com/toc/rjpp20/current
European Unions Policy
https://ec.europa.eu/info/strategy_en
https://europarlamentti.info/en/values-and-objectives/policies/
Blogue: https://paulcairney.wordpress.com/

1.Public Administration, Society and Governance
1.1.The Science(s) of Administration: problematic and object of study
1.2.Construction of administrative identity
1.3.Governance and good public management
2.Ethics, Administrative Power and Policy-Administration Dichotomy
2.1.State, political power and administrative culture
2.2.Public service ethics
2.3.Administrative elites: Politicization, professionalization and hybrid regimes
2.4.Accountability, control and transparency systems
3.Paradigms and models of administrative reform and/or modernization
3.1.Evolution of the State and Administration
3.2.Reform VS Administrative Modernization
3.3.From bureaucratic organization to New Public Management
3.4.The New Public Governance
4.Administration and challenges of contemporary democracies
4.1.Active citizenship, public participation and co-production of public services
4.2.Digital transition and prospective public policies
4.3.Skills for the (new) public worker: what profile?

The evaluation of this course unit takes place:

1)Throughout the semester (with a minimum attendance of 75%) and includes:
a) A written test (exam) at the end of the semester (50% of the final grade);
b) An individual or group project to be completed during the semester (30% of the final grade);
c) Class participation (20% of the final grade).

or

2) Final exam, consisting of a written test (100% of the final grade).

Mandatory

Mozzicafreddo, Juan e J. Salis Gomes (orgs.) (2011), Projectos de inovação na gestão pública, Lisboa, Mundos Sociais
Marques, R. & Ferraz., David. (orgs) (2015). Governação integrada e administração pública. Lisboa:Ina
ISCTE-IPPS (2021), Reforma e Reorganização Administrativa - A quimera administrativa: pessoas e organizações, David Ferraz (coord.Cient)
Ferraz, D. (2020). Administração (a)política? O retrato e os fatores de seleção do dirigente público. Revista de Administração Pública,54(5)
Ferraz, D. (2020). Políticas Públicas e Segurança Social: génese, funções, tensões e Equilíbrios. In SEGURANÇA SOCIAL: SISTEMA, PROTEÇÃO, SOLIDARIEDADE E SUSTENTABILIDADE
Ferraz, D. (2020). Quais são afinal as funções que queremos que o Estado assegure? In R. P. Mamede; & P. A. e. Silva (Eds.), O Estado da Nação e as Políticas Públicas 2020: Valorizar as Políticas Públicas (1.ª edição ed., pp. 73-80). IPPS | ISCTE
Caupers, João (2002), Introdução à Ciência da Administração Pública, Lisboa, Ãncora

Optional

Shafritz, Jay M e Albert C. Hyde, Classics of Public Administration, Wadsworth Publishing
Shafritz, Jay M. et alii (2009), Introducing Public Administration, Longman
Rosenbloom, David H., R. S. Kravchuk e R. M. Clerkin (2009), Public Administration: Understanding Management, Politics and Law in the Public Sector, Nova Iorque, McGraw Hill
Rocha, J. A. Oliveira (2001), Gestão Pública e Modernização Administrativa, Oeiras, INA
Ongaro, E., & etal. (2017). The Palgrave Handbook of Public Administration and Management in Europe: Palgrave
OECD (2001), Citizens as Partners - Information, consultation and public participation in policy making, Paris
Mozzicafreddo, Juan, J.Salis Gomes e J. S. Baptista (orgs.) (2007), Interesse Público, Estado e Administração, Oeiras, Celta
Moreira, José Manuel (2002), Ética, Democracia e Estado, Cascais, Principia
Mayntz, Renate (2005), Sociología da la Administración Pública, Madrid : Alianza Editorial
Lane, Jan-Erik (2009), State management - An enquiry into models of public administration and management, Routledge, Londres e Nova Iorque
Kuhlmann, S., & Wollmann, H. (2019). Introduction to comparative public administration: Administrative systems and reforms in Europe: Edward Elgar Publishing.
Kjaer, Anne Mette (2008), Governance, Polity, Cambridge
Huron, David e Jacques Spindler (coord) (2008), Le management public en mutation, L'Harmattan, Paris
Hood, Christopher C. e Helen Z. Margetts (2007), The Tools of Government in the Digital Age, Palgrave Macmillan, Hampshire e Nova Iorque
Heady, Ferrel (2001), Public Administration: A Comparative Perspective, Nova Iorque, Marcel Decker
Gomes, Maria Teresa Salis (coord.) (2003), A face oculta da governança: cidadania, Administração Pública e sociedade, INA, Oeiras
Gomes, João Salis (2000), "Qualidade da regulação jurídica e redefinição estratégica da gestão pública", separata da Revista de Administração Local, nº 179, pp. 635-648
Ferraz, D. (2013). Política, Administração e responsabilização de dirigentes públicos: Implicações das teorias, modelos e reformas da Administração, in ?Handbook de Administração Pública?. Lisboa: INA, 173-185.
Denhardt, Robert B. et alii (2008), Public Administration: An Action Orientation, Wadsworth Publishing
Demmke, Christoph (2005), Are civil servants different because they are civil servants? European Civil Services between Tradition and Reform, EIPA, Maastricht
Català, Joan Prats I (2005), De la burocracia al management, del management a la gobernanza, Madrid, Instituto Nacional de Administración Pública
Chevallier, Jacques (2007), Science administrative, Paris, PUF
Canotilho, José Joaquim Gomes (1999), Estado de direito, Lisboa, Edição Gradiva
Canotilho, J. J. Gomes (2000), "Paradigmas de Estado e paradigmas de administração pública", in Moderna Gestão Pública. Dos meios aos resultados, Acta Geral do 2º Encontro Oeiras, INA, pp. 21-34
Bresser-Pereira, Luiz Carlos e Nuria Cunill Grau (coords.) (2006), Responsabilização na Administração Pública, São Paulo, CLAD/Fundap
Bossaert, Danielle (2005), The flexibilisation of the employment status of civil servants: From life tenures to more flexible employment relations, Maastricht, EIPA
Bevir, Mark (2009), Key Concepts in Governance, Londres, Sage
Alcázar, Mariano etal. (2001), Curso de Ciencia de la Administración, Madrid, Editorial Tecnos

1. INTRODUCTION TO THE EVALUATION OF PUBLIC POLICY
1.1. Social science and evaluation
1.2. Evaluation purpose and objectives.
1.3. Types of evaluation
1.4. The evaluation in the public policy cycle

2. METHODS OF SUPPORT DESIGN AND PLANNING IN EVALUATION
2.1. The evaluation questions
2.2. Evaluation dimensions
2.3. Evaluation instruments and techniques
2.4. Examples of methodological approaches

3. CHALLENGES TO EVALUATION PRACTICE
3.1. Elements for evaluation improvement
3.2. Measuring locks and difficulties
3.3. Political interference in evaluation process
3.4. Communication and discussion of results

Assessment throughout the semester relies on two evaluation methods: the completion of a practical assignment and a written test. The final grade is calculated using the following weighting:
• Practical assignment – ​​70% of the final grade;
• Written test – 30% of the final grade.
The course unit also offers an exam-based assessment option consisting of a written test, in accordance with the General Regulation on the Assessment of Knowledge and Competencies currently in force.

Mandatory

Alkin, M. & Vo, A. (2024). Evaluation essentials: from A to Z. (3nd. Ed.). The Guilford Press.
Bamberger, M. & Mabry, L. (2020). RealWorld evaluation. Working under budget, time, data and political constrains. (3th. Ed.). Sage.
Barrington, G. & Triana-Tremain, B. (2022). Evaluation time: a practical guide for evaluation. Sage.
Capucha, L. & Caramelo, S. (2024). Ciências sociais aplicadas: planeamento e avaliação de políticas públicas. Almedina.
Fitzpatrick, J., Sanders, J. & Worthen, B. (2023). Program evaluation: Alternative approaches and practical guidelines. (5th. Ed.). Pearson.
Giancola, S. (2025). Program evaluation: embedding evaluation into program design and development (2th. Ed.). Sage.
Rossi, P., Lipsey, M. & Henry, G. (2019). Evaluation: a systematic approach. (8th. Ed.). Sage.

Optional

Bakken, L. (2018). Evaluation practice for collaborative growth: a guide to program evaluation with stakeholders and communities. Oxford University Press.
Braverman, M. (2022). Evaluating program effectiveness: validity and decision-making in outcome evaluation. Sage.
Burch, P. & Heinrich, C. (2016). Mixed Methods for policy research and program evaluation. Sage.
Chen, H. (2015). Practical program evaluation: theory-driven evaluation and the integrated evaluation perspective. (2nd. Ed.). Sage.
Chiappini, H. (2017). Social impact funds: definition, assessment and performance. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Chouinard, J. & Cram, F. (2019). Culturally responsive approaches to evaluation: empirical implications for theory and practice. Sage.
Cousins, J. (2020). Collaborative approaches to evaluation: principles in use. Sage.
Donaldson, S. I. (2021). Introduction to theory-driven program evaluation: culturally responsive and strengths-focused applications (2nd. Ed.). Routledge.
Duffy, D. (2017). Evaluation and governing in the 21st century: disciplinary measures, transformative possibilities. Palgrave Macmillan UK.
Fink, A. (2015). Evaluation fundamentals: insights into program effectiveness, quality and value. (3th. Ed.). Sage.
Fox, C., Grimm, R. & Caldeira, R. (2017). An introduction to evaluation. Sage.
Fröhlich, M. &; Sperlich, S. (2019). Impact evaluation, treatment effects and causal analysis. Cambridge University Press.
Gertler, P., Martinez, S., Premand, P., Rawlings, L. & Vermeersch, C. (2018). Avaliação de Impacto na Prática. (2th. Ed.). World Bank Publications.
Glewwe, P., & Todd, P. (2022). Impact evaluation in international development: theory, methods, and practice. World Bank Publications.
Guerra-López, I. (2017). Performance evaluation: proven approaches for improving program and organizational performance. Jossey-Bass.
Hardy, A., Preiser, W. & Schramm, U. (2017). Building performance evaluation: from delivery process to life cycle phases. (2nd. Ed.). Springer International Publishing.
Hedges, L & Tipton, E. (2025). Designing small evaluation studies. Sage.
HM Treasury (2018). The green book central government guidance on appraisal and evaluation. Crown Copyright.
HM Treasury (2020). Magenta book: guidance for evaluation. Crown Copyright.
Josselin, J. & Maux, B. (2017). Statistical tools for program evaluation methods and applications to economic policy, public health, and education. Springer.
Kenneth J. & Posavac, E. (2018). Program evaluation: methods and case studies. (9th. Ed.). Routledge.
Kilmer, R. & Cook, J. (2021). The practice of evaluation: partnership approaches for community change. Sage.
Markiewicz, A. & Patrick, I. (2015). Developing monitoring and evaluation frameworks. Sage.
Mcdavid, J., Huse, I. & Hawyhorn, L (2019). Program evaluation and performance measurement. An introduction to practice. (3th. Ed.). Sage.
McKegg, K., Patton, M. & Wehipeihana, N. (2016). Developmental evaluation exemplars: principles in practice. The Guilford Press.
Mertens, D. (2018). Mixed Methods design in evaluation. Sage.
Mertens, D. & Wilson, A. (2018). Program evaluation theory and practice: a comprehensive guide. (2nd. Ed.). The Guilford Press.
Monsen, K. A. (2018). Intervention effectiveness research: Quality improvement and program evaluation. Springer International Publishing.
Neumeister, K. S., & Burney, V. H. (2021). Gifted program evaluation: A handbook for administrators and coordinators. Routledge.
Newcomer, K. & Hart, N. (2021). Evidence-building and evaluation in government. Sage.
Nkwake, A. (2015). Credibility, validity, and assumptions in program evaluation methodology. Springer.
Nkwake, A. (2020). Working with assumptions in international development program evaluation. (2nd. Ed.). Springer Nature.
OECD/DAC (2019). Better criteria for better evaluation. Revised evaluation criteria definitions and principles for use. OECD DAC Network on Development Evaluation.
Padia, E. (2019). Bases para la evaluación de impacto de políticas públicas. Instituto Andaluz de Administración Pública.
Parsons, D. (2017). Demystifying evaluation: Practical approaches for researchers and users. Policy Press.
Patton, M. (2017). Principles-focused evaluation: the guide. The Guilford Press.
Patton, M. (2018). Facilitating evaluation: principles in practice. Sage.
Patton, M. (2022). Utilization-focused evaluation. (5th. Ed.). Thousand Oaks: Sage.
Patton, M., McKegg, K & Wehipeihana, N. (2016). Developmental evaluation exemplars. The Guilford Press.
Peck, L. (2019). Experimental evaluation design for program improvement (Vol. 5). Sage.
Podems, D. R. (2018). Being an evaluator: Your practical guide to evaluation. Guilford Publications.
Posavac, E. & Linfield, K. (2018). Program evaluation: methods and case studies. (9th. Ed.). Routledge.
Preskill, H. & Russ-Eft, D. (2016). Building evaluation capacity. (2nd. Ed.) Sage.
Rico, J. (2020). Guía de evaluación de resultados de políticas públicas. Madrid: Ministerio de Política Territorial y Función Pública.
Rohanna, K. (2021). Leading Change through evaluation: improvement science in action. Sage.
Rubin, A. (2020). Pragmatic program evaluation for social work: an introduction. Cambridge University Press.
Saunders, R. (2016). Implementation monitoring and process evaluation. Sage.
Schmid, C., Stijnen, T. & White, I. (eds.) (2021). Handbook of meta-analysis. Boca Raton: CRC Press.
Shah, A. (2020). Policy, program and project evaluation: a toolkit for economic analysis in a changing world. Palgrave Macmillan.
Stern, E. (2015). Impact evaluation: a guide for commissioners and managers. Bond.
Stockmann, R. & Meyer, W. (eds.) (2016). The future of evaluation: global trends, new challenges, shared perspectives. Palgrave Macmillan.
Stufflebeam, D. & Shinfield, A. (2014). Evaluation theory, models and applications. (2nd. Ed.). Wiley and Sons.
Stufflebeam, D., & Zhang, G. (2017). The CIPP evaluation model: How to evaluate for improvement and accountability. Guilford Publications.
Thomas, V. & Campbell, P. (2020). Evaluation in today’s world: respecting diversity, improving quality, and promoting usability. Sage.
Vedung, E. (2017). Public policy and program evaluation. Routledge.
White, H. & Raitzer, D. (2017). Impact evaluation of development interventions. Asian Development Bank.
Wholey, J., Harty, H. & Newcomer, K. (eds.) (2015). Handbook of practical program evaluation. (4th. Ed.). Jossey-Bass.
Wingate, L., Boyce, A., Becho, L., & Robertson, K. (Eds.). (2025). Core concepts in evaluation: classic writings and contemporary commentary. Sage.

1. Organisation of the placement process of students in internships.
2. Definition of the internship placement and its period of realisation.
3. Formalisation of the internship: elaboration of protocol, identification of the external coordinator, elaboration of the work plan in tandem with the institution, definition of the general objectives of the internship.
4. Preparation to integrate the internship site: orientation sessions.
5. Integration into the regular activities of the organisation/institution.
6. An internship report on the work carried out, including a characterisation of the organisation where the internship took place.

The evaluation will be based on two elements:
- internship plan (1-2 pages) + final report of the internship (10-15 pages) done by the student (see more details in the Observations) 50% of the final grade;
- evaluation of the internship by the professional entity (through the completion of a questionnaire) 50% of the final grade.

Mandatory

Sweitzer, H. Frederick & Mary A. King (2014), The successful internship: personal, professional, and civic development in experiential learning. Belmont : Brooks/Cole.
Reeher, Grant & Mack Mariani (orgs., 2002), The Insider?s Guide to Political Internships. Cambridge, MA: Westview Press.
Goodin, R.E., e Klingemann, H.-D. (1996), A New Handbook of Political Science, Oxford, Oxford University Press

Optional

-

1. Organisation of the placement process of students in internships.
2. Definition of the internship placement and its period of realisation.
3. Formalisation of the internship: elaboration of protocol, identification of the external coordinator, elaboration of the work plan in tandem with the institution, definition of the general objectives of the internship.
4. Preparation to integrate the internship site: orientation sessions.
5. Integration into the regular activities of the organisation/institution.
6. An internship report on the work carried out, including a characterisation of the organisation where the internship took place.

The evaluation will be based on two elements:
- internship plan (1-2 pages) + final report of the internship (10-15 pages) done by the student (see more details in the Observations) 50% of the final grade;
- evaluation of the internship by the professional entity (through the completion of a questionnaire) 50% of the final grade.

Mandatory

Sweitzer, H. Frederick & Mary A. King (2014), The successful internship: personal, professional, and civic development in experiential learning. Belmont : Brooks/Cole.
Reeher, Grant & Mack Mariani (orgs., 2002), The Insider?s Guide to Political Internships. Cambridge, MA: Westview Press.
Goodin, R.E., e Klingemann, H.-D. (1996), A New Handbook of Political Science, Oxford, Oxford University Press

Optional

-

PC1. Consolidation of students' research projects, from the perspective of feasibility and content.
PC2. Consolidation of the theoretical and conceptual framework of analysis: objectives, theory, analytical framework, and hypotheses (or theoretical expectations).
PC3. Instruments for collecting or locating qualitative or quantitative data.
PC4. Data analysis using qualitative or quantitative methodologies.

Assessment throughout the semester has the following components:

a) Attendance, participation in classes, and development of research throughout the semester (25%)
b) Completion of the two milestones (10%+10%= 20%)
c) Oral presentation of the final group project (15%)
d) Final group project (40%)
Note: Students being assessed throughout the semester must attend at least 70% of the classes. It is possible to complete the curricular unit by exam (see Observations).

More details on the components of assessment throughout the semester:
a) The development of research throughout the semester is assessed in frequent discussions between the lecturer and each group about the progress of the work. Being participative in classes means: asking questions that show you are following the material, participating in exercises, making constructive comments on other groups' work, and demonstrating an interested attitude. This assessment component is individual.

b) Throughout the semester, there are two milestones to be met on dates presented on the first day of classes.
Milestone 1 – Present the final version of the starting question, objectives, hypotheses, and operationalization of concepts. The first classes of the 2nd semester are dedicated to consolidating and improving the work developed in the 1st semester. This phase ends with Milestone 1. The milestone is completed in writing on two pages and sent to the lecturer by email.
Milestone 2 – Finalize the collection/location of the qualitative or quantitative empirical data necessary for the project. Groups that do not collect original data must meet this milestone 2 weeks before the groups that have original data and must have the data ready for analysis (e.g., recoded variables, etc.). This milestone is completed in the classroom. This assessment component is group-based.

c) On the penultimate day of classes, all groups give a brief presentation of the final project. Presentation content: starting question and/or objectives, hypotheses or theoretical expectations, operationalization of concepts (including control variables), methodology, data/VD presentation (if applicable), and data analysis (which may be more or less developed).
Note: All group members must be present on the day of the presentation and must present. There is always one group that comments on each group. The group presentation is assessed as a group, but the comments on other groups are assessed as part of point a).

d) Final project content: starting question, objectives, literature review, hypotheses, operationalization of concepts, description of data/methodology, brief description of the sample, data analysis by hypothesis, and conclusions.
Maximum 25 pages - including tables and figures, but excluding bibliography and appendices; 1.5 spacing, font size 12. The project is assessed as a group.

Mandatory

Lowndes, Vivien; David Marsh e Gerry Stoker (2018), Theory and methods in political science, Londres, Palgrave.
Bryman, Alan (2012), Social Research Methods, Oxford University Press.
Clark, Tom; Liam Foster, e Alan Bryman (2019), How to do your Social Research Project or Dissertation, Oxford, OUP.
Gustafsson, Karl & Hagström, Linus (2018) “what is the point? teaching graduate students how to construct political science research puzzles”. European Political Science 17, 634–648.
Howard, Christopher (2017), Thinking like a Political Scientist: a practical guide to research methods, The University of Chicago Press.
King, Gary, Robert Keohane e Sidney Verba (1994), Designing Social Inquiry, Princeton, Princeton University Press.
Pollock III, Philip H., e Barry C. Edwards (2019), The Essentials of Political Analysis, 6ª ed., Washington, CQ Press.
Silverman, David (2014), Interpreting Qualitative Data, 4ªed., Los Angeles, Sage.

Optional

Almeida, João Ferreira de, e José Madureira Pinto (1982), A Investigação nas Ciências Sociais, Lisboa, Editorial Presença.
Bardach, Eugene, e Eric M. Patashnik (2019), A Practical Guide for Policy analysis. The Eightfold Path to More Effective Problem Solving, 6ªed., Thousand Oaks, Sage e CQ Press
Box-Steffensmeier, Janet M. (ed.) (2010), The Oxford Handbook of Political Methodology, Oxford, OUP.
Della Porta, Donatella e Michael Keating (eds.) (2008), Approaches and Methodologies in the Social Sciences. A Pluralist Perspective, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
Johnson, Janet Buttolph, e H. T. Reynolds (2020), Political Science Research Methods, 9ªed., Los Angeles, Sage.
Quivy, R. e L. Champenhoud (2003), Manual de Investigação em Ciências Sociais, Lisboa, Gradiva.
Landman, Todd and Edzia Carvalho (2016), Issues and Methods in Comparative Politics. An Introduction, 4th. Ed., Londres, Routledge.
Ridley, Diana (2008), The literature review: a step-by-step guide for students, Londres, Sage.
Shively, W. Phillips (2016). The Craft of Political Research, Londres, Routledge.

PART I. What Is Public Opinion and How Is It Measured?

Week 1. Course introduction. The concept and history of public opinion
Week 2. How is public opinion measured? The role of polling
Week 3. Polls: sources of error
Week 4. Polls: data analysis and interpretation

PART II. How Is Political Public Opinion Formed?

Week 5. Conditioning, social influence, conformity with the majority, and propaganda
Week 6. Media, opinion makers, and stereotypes
Week 7. The problem of low information and its consequences
Week 8. The rationality of public opinion

PART III. Political Consequences of Public Opinion

Week 9. The impact of public opinion on democratic representation
Week 10. Public opinion and democratic representation: the macro-level
Week 11. The political importance of public deliberation: recent experiences
Week 12. Media, democracy, and public opinion. Course conclusion

Note: All readings assigned for the practical classes are available in the library or online.

Assessment Components Throughout the Semester:

Oral presentation during practical classes – 20%

Three written assessments distributed over the semester – 60% (20% each)

Participation in debates and overall class engagement – 20%

Alternatively, students may opt for a final exam, which accounts for 100% of the final grade.

To pass the course, students must achieve a final grade of 9.5 or higher (on a 20-point scale).

Mandatory

ZALLER, John (1992), The Nature and Origins of Mass Opinion, Cambridge: CUP.
MUTZ, Diana (1998), Impersonal Influence, Cambridge: CUP.
DALTON, Russell J. (2019), Citizen Politics: Public Opinion and Political Parties in Advanced Industrial Democracies, 7ª ed., Washington, D.C.: CQ Press.
BISHOP, George F. (2004) The illusion of public opinion: Fact and artifact in American public opinion polls, Rowman & Littlefield Publishers: Oxford.
BARTELS, Larry (2018), Unequal Democracy, 2ª ed., Princeton e Oxford: PUP.
ASHER, Herbert (2016), Polling and the Public. What Every Citizen Should Know, 9ª ed., Washington: Congressional Quarterly.
ALTHAUS, Scott L. (2003), Collective Preferences in Democratic Politics. Opinion Surveys and the Will of the People, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
ACHEN, Christopher H. e BARTELS, Larry M. (2017), Democracy for realists: Why elections do not produce responsive government, Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press.

Optional

ZALLER, John R. (1998), "Monica Lewinsky's Contribution to Political Science", in Political Science and Politics, vol. 31, nº.2, pp.182-189.
SOROKA, Stuart e WLEZIEN, Christopher (2010), Degrees of Democracy: Politics, Public Opinion and Policy, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
STIMSON, James A.; MACKUEN, Michael B., e ERIKSON, Robert S. (1995) "Dynamic Representation", American Political Science Review, 83 (3), pp.543?65.
SPLICHAL, Slavko (2002), Principles of Publicity and Press Freedom, Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield.
SHAPIRO, Robert Y. e JACOBS, Lawrence R. (2011), The Oxford Handbook of American Public Opinion and the Media, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
PRICE, Vicent (2011), "Public opinion research in the new century", Public Opinion Research, vol.78, nº.5, pp.846-853.
POPKIN, Samuel (1994), The Reasoning Voter, Londres e Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
POPKIN, Samuel (2006), "The factual basis of 'belief systems': A reassessment", Critical Review, 18(1), pp.233-254.
PAGE, Benjamin I. e Gilens, M. (2017), Democracy in America? What has gone wrong and what we can do about it, Chicago e Londres: The University of Chicago Press.
PAGE, Benjamin e SHAPIRO, Robert (1992), The Rational Public, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
PAGE, Benjamin I. (2007), "Is public opinion an illusion?", Critical Review, 19(1), pp.35-45.
NORRANDER, Barbara e WILCOX, Clyde (2010), Understanding Public Opinion, Washington: CQ Press.
NOELLE-NEUMANN, Elisabeth (1993), The Spiral of Silence, Chicago: Chicago University Press.
MOON, Nick (1999), Opinion Polls, Manchester: Manchester University Press.
MUTZ, Diana C. (2006), Hearing the Other Side: Deliberative versus Participatory Democracy, New Nova Iorque: Cambridge University Press.
McCOMBS, Maxwell (2014), Setting the Agenda: Mass Media and Public Opinion, 2ª ed., Cambridge: Polity Press.
LIPPMANN, Walter (2013 (1922)), Public Opinion, New Brunswick: Transaction Publishers. (disponível online).
LEWIS-BECK, Michael; Jacoby, William G, Norpoth, Helmut, and Weisberg, Herbert (2008), The American Voter Revisited, Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press.
LEWIS, Justin (2001), Constructing Public Opinion, Nova Iorque: Columbia University Press.
LARSEN, Erik Gahner e FAZEKAS, Zoltán (2019), "Transforming Stability into Change: How the Media Select and Report Opinion Polls", The International Journal of Press/Politics: 1940-1612.
KUKLISKI, James H., e PEYTON, Buddy (2007), "Belief systems and political decision making", in Russell J. Dalton e Hans-Dieter Klingemann (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Political Behavior, Oxford: Oxford University Press , pp.45-64.
KELLY, Nathan J., e ENNS, Peter K. (2010), "Inequality and the Dynamics of Public Opinion: The Self-Reinforcing Link Between Economic Inequality and Mass Preferences", American Journal of Political Science, vol. 54, nº.4, pp.855-870.
JOWELL, Garth S. e O?DONNELL Victoria (2018), Propaganda and Persuasion, 7ª ed., Thousand Oaks: Sage.
JACOBS, Lawrence R., e SHAPIRO, Robert Y. (2000), Politicians Don't Pander: Political Manipulation and the Loss of Democratic Responsiveness, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
JACOBS, Lawrence R, Cook, Fay Lomax, e Carpini, Michael X. delli (2009), Talking Together. Public Deliberation and Political Participation in America, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
IYENGAR, Shanto (2016), Media Politics: A Citizen?s Guide, 3ª ed., Nova Iorque: W.W. Norton & Company.
HABERMAS, Yurgen (1998), "Civil Society and the Political Public Sphere", in Between Facts and Norms. Contributions to a Discourse Theory of Law and Democracy. Cambridge e Massachusetts, The MIT Press, pp. 329-387.
GLYNN, Carol; Herbst, Susan; Lindeman, Mark; O'Keefe, Garrett, e Shapiro, Robert (2018), Public Opinion, 3 ed., Oxford: Westview Press.
FOURNIER, Patrick et al. (2011), When Citizens Decide: Lessons from Citizens' Assemblies on Electoral Reform, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
FISHKIN, James (2018),Democracy when the people are thinking: Revitalizing our politics through public deliberation, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
ELSÄSSER, L. and Schäfer, A. (2023) ‘Political Inequality in Rich Democracies’, Annual Review of Political Science, pp. 1–19.
ERIKSON, Robert S, MACKUEN, Michael B., e STIMSON, James A. (2002), The Macro Policy, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
ERIKSON, Robert S., e TEDIN, Kent L. (2015), American Public Opinion, 9ª. ed., Nova Iorque: Routlegde.
ERIKSON, Robert S. (2007), "Does public ignorance matter?", Critical Review, 19(1), pp.23-34.
DOWLING, Conor M., HENDERSON, Michael, e MILLER, Michael G. (2019), "Knowledge persists, opinions drift: Learning and opinion change in a three-wave panel experiment", American Politics Research, (no prelo).
DAVISON, W. Phillips (1983), "The Third-Person Effect in Communication", in The Public Opinion Quarterly, vol. 47, nº.1, pp.1-15.
CRESPI, Irving (1997), The Public Opinion Process, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.
CONVERSE, Philippe (1964), The nature of belief systems in mass publics?, in David E. Apter, ed., Ideology and its Discontents, Nova Iorque: The Free Press of Glencoe.
CLAWSON, Rosalee A., e Zoe M. OXLEY (2020), Public Opinion: Democratic Ideals, Democratic Practice, 4th Edition. Washington: CQ Press.
CHONG, Dennis, e DRUCKMAN, James N. (2007), "Framing Public Opinion in Competitive Democracies", American Political Science Review, 101(4), pp. 637-655.
CAMPBELL, Angus; CONVERSE, Philip E.; MILLER, Warren E.; e STOKES, Donald E. (1960), The American Voter, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
BISHOP, George F. (2008), "Rational public opinion or its manufacture? Reply to Page", Critical Review, 20(1), pp.141-157.
BERINSKY, A. (2019), New Directions in Public Opinion, 3ª ed., Nova Iorque e Londres: Routledge.
BARBER, Benjamim (1984), Strong Democracy. Participation Politics for a New Age, Barkeley e Londres: University of California Press.
BELCHIOR, Ana M. (2020), "Political parties in troubled times: Economic crisis and voter's perceptual bias of parties' ideology in Europe", Comparative European Politics, 18(2), pp.171-189.
BELCHIOR, Ana M. (2019), "The effects of party identification on perceptions of pledge fulfilment: Evidence from Portugal", International Political Science Research, 40(7), pp. 627-642.
AUERBACH, Jonathan, e CASTRONOVO, Russ (eds.) (2013), The Oxford Handbook of Propaganda Studies, Oxford e Nova Iorque: Oxford University Press.

PC 1. Introduction to the discipline of International Relations
PC 2. The historical trajectory of the discipline of International Relations
PC 3. Theorizing International Relations
PC 4. International Relations Theories
PC 4.1 Realism and neo-realism
PC 4.2 Liberalism and neo-liberalism
PC 4.2 English school and international society
PC 4.3 Constructivism and post-positivist approaches
PC 4.4 Marxist theories, critical theory, and International Political Economy
PC 4.5 International Security Studies
PC 4.6 Foreign Policy Analysis
PC 5. Simulation of an extraordinary session of the United Nations General Assembly
PC 6. Possible futures of International Relations

1. Assessment throughout the semester:

a) Attendance and active participation in classes (20%), participation in at least 70% of classes being mandatory
b) Mid-term oral presentation and discussion, integrated into a working group, on International Relations theories indicated in the program (20%)
d) Simulation of an extraordinary session of the UNGA (10%)
d) Final test (50%), on material taught throughout the semester

OR

2. Assessment by exam:

e) Final exam (100%

Additional information on assessment throughout the semester:

a) Active participation in classes refers to participation in debates focused on concepts and analysis of excepts from texts, along with prior work in class or independently outside of class. This item considers conceptual rigor, critical thinking and the construction of a coherent and informed discourse.
b) In the group presentation on International Relations theories, independent research into literature and sources is emphasized, based on the use of sources and authors provided by the professor, as well as the in-depth treatment of the topic and the construction of an oral presentation.
c) This component assesses the work completed based on the scrip provided by the professor and the role-play performed in class.
d) The test will focus on material taught throughout the semester and will involve selecting 2 questions - out of 4 - on topics discussed in class through the bibliography and content made available by the professor.

Additional information on assessment by exam:

e) The exam will focus on material taught throughout the semester and will involve selecting 4 questions - out of 6 - on topics discussed in class through the bibliography and content made available by the professor.

Mandatory

Reus-Smit, Christian. (2020). International Relations: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Sorensen, G., Moller, J. and Jackson, R. (2021). Introduction to international relations: theories and approaches (8th ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Dougherty, R. and Pfaltzgraff Jr., R. (2003). Relações internacionais: as teorias em confronto. Lisboa: Gradiva.
Cravinho, J. G. (2008). Visões do Mundo: as Relações Internacionais e o Mundo Contemporâneo (3rd ed.). Lisboa: Imprensa de Ciências Sociais.
Devetak, S. and True, J. (eds.) (2022). Theories of International Relations. (6th ed.). London: Bloomsbury Academic.
Brown, C. (2022). Understanding international relations (4th ed.). London: Bloomsbury Academic.
Baylis, J. et al. (eds.) (2023). The globalization of world politics: an introduction to international relations (9th ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Optional

Gaspar, C. (coord.) (2021). Teorias das Relações Internacionais: Textos Clássicos. Lisboa: Livros Horizonte.
Sousa, F. et al. (2022). Dicionário de Ciência Política e Relações Internacionais. Coimbra: Edições Almedina.
Acharya, A. and Buzan, B. (2019). The Making of Global International Relations: Origins and Evolution of IR at its Centenary. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Dunne, T. et al. (2020). International Relations Theories: Discipline and Diversity (5th ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Kaarbo, J. and Thies, C. (eds.) (2024). Oxford Handbook of Foreign Policy Analysis. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Tickner, A. B. and Smith, K. (eds.) (2020). International Relations from the Global South: A World of Difference. London and New York: Routledge.
Cavelty, M. D. and Balzacq, T. (eds.) (2017). Routledge Handbook of Security Studies. London and New York: Routledge.
Weber, Cynthia (2020). International Relations Theory: A Critical Introduction. London and New York: Routledge.
Oksamytna, K. and Karlsrud, J. (eds.) (2020). United Nations peace operations and International Relations theory. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
Bukovansky, M., Keene, E., Reus-Smit, C. and Spanu, M. (eds.) (2023) Oxford Handbook of History and International Relations. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

PC1: Definitions, concepts and analytical tools
PC.2: The relationship between movements and institutions
PC.3: New social movements, collective identities and organisations
PC.4: Discourse, culture and memory
PC.5: Evolution of approaches: interactionism, emotions and new contexts
PC.6: The 'Long Sixties': civil rights, feminism, environmentalism, homosexual rights
PC.7: Social movements and democratisation
PC.8: From the Arab Spring to Extinction Rebellion: a new cycle of international protest?
PC.9: New technologies, changes in forms of action, digital activism
PC.10: Counter-movements, populism and xenophobic movements.
PC.11: Analysing protest cycles; analysing discourse, frames and demands, the use of questionnaires
PC.12: The micro approach and the historical method: the study of the motivations, trajectories, biographies and consequences of activism through qualitative methods (interviews, ethnography)
PC.13: Analysing social networks and digital ethnography

A. Evaluation trhoughouth the semester

Group oral presentation (40%)

• Each group is asked to choose one of the topics analyzed during the course and to discuss it;
• Students should necessarily use and apply the literature provided and discussed for this specific topic (at least 4 ‘text units’), as well as the power point material, with explicit references in their presentation;
• Each ‘text unit’ can be an article or a chapter. When an entire book is suggested, this means that students can choose, for their presentations, one or more chapters from the book;
• Inclusion of additional readings is welcome;
• The topic can be dealt with in an empirical way (e.g., small research on a theme of interest of the students, carried out applying the analytical and methodological tools given during the course) or theoretical (discussion of concepts debated during the course and in the literature).
• The topics cannot be repeated, in order to diversify the presentations;
• Discussion is part of the assessment;
• The dimension and number of the groups depend on the number of students choosing this form of assessment and can be adjusted.

Empirical individual work 60%
• The final assignment is a short essay of 1500 words
• The assignment should use 5 units of content among those made available during the course: three text units and two other resources (e.g. videos, social media material, etc.).
• Students should develop their own analysis and view, in critical dialogue with the notions provided along the course;
• During the 8º Class, students briefly present the outline of their works (2-3 minutes each one). The presentation should include: title, main research question, relevance, sources and methods and eventual doubts/problems.


B. Option final exam

The final exam is intended for students who are unable or unwilling to take the assessments throughout the semester. Students must write an essay of approximately 4,000 words in which they discuss content from audiovisual material provided by the instructor throughout the semester (e.g., a videoconference, a documentary, an event) using the course readings (at least one reading per class, as scheduled, covering both theoretical and practical classes). The essay must be submitted in the Moodle folder by 6:00 p.m. on the day of the exam.

Mandatory

Accornero, Guya. 2016. The Revolution before the Revolution. Late Authoritarianism and Student Protest in Portugal. Oxford/New York: Berghahn Books

Baumgarten, Britta, Priska Daphi e Peter Ullrich. 2014. Conceptualizing culture in social movement research. London: Palgrave Macmillan

Bosi, Lorenzo, Marco Giugni e Katrin Uba. 2016. The consequence of social movements. Cambridge University Press

della Porta, Donatella, e Mario Diani. 1998. Social Movements: An introduction. Oxford : Blackwell Publishers

Earl J, Kimport K. (2011). Digitally Enabled Social Change: Activism in the Internet Age. Cambridge: MIT Press

Fillieule, Olivier, e Guya Accornero. 2016. Social Movement Studies in Europe. The State of the Art. Oxford/New York

Ramos Pinto, Pedro. 2013 Lisbon Rising. Urban Social Movements in the Portuguese Revolution, 1974-75. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

Tarrow, Sidney. 1998. Power in movement : social movements and contentious politics. Cambridge: University Press

Optional

Accornero, G. and Ramos Pinto P. (2015), “Mild Mannered? Protest and Mobilisation in Portugal in Times of Crisis”, West European Politics 38(3): 491-515

Accornero, Guya and Pedro, Ramos Pinto. 2020. “Politics in Austerity: strategic interactions between social movements and institutional actors in Portugal, 2010-2015?. In Political Representation and Citizenship in Portugal From Crisis to Renewal, eds. by Marco Lisi; André Freire And Emmanouil Tsatsanis. Lanham: Rowman and Littlefield

Accornero, Guya. 2017. “The ‘Mediation’ of the Portuguese Anti-Austerity Protest Cycle. Media Coverage and its Impact”, in Media Representations of Anti-Austerity Protests in the EU: Grievances, Identities and Agency, ed. by Tao Papaioannou and Suman Gupta. Abingdon: Routledge, pp. 165-188

Accornero, Guya. 2019. “‘Everything Was Possible’: Emotions and Perceptions Of The Past Among Former Portuguese Antifascist Activists”. Mobilization 24(4): 439-453

Accornero, Guya. 2019. “‘I wanted to carry out the revolution’. Activist trajectories in Portugal from Dictatorship to Democracy”, Social Movement Studies 18(3): 305-323

Andretta, Massimiliano e Donatella della Porta. 2014. “Surveying Protestors: Why and How”. In Methodological Practices in Social Movement Research, by Donatella della Porta. Oxford University Press

Ardiç, Nurullah. 2012. “Understanding the ‘Arab Spring’: Justice, Dignity, Religion and International Politics”, Afro Eurasian Studies 1(1): 8-52

Aslandis, Paris. 2017. “Populism and Social Movements”. In Oxford Handbook of Populism, by Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser et al. (eds.). Oxford University Press

Balsiger, Philip e Alexandre Lambelet. 2014. “Participant Observation”. In Methodological Practices in Social Movement Research, by Donatella della Porta (ed.). Oxford University Press

Bartlett, Jamie, Jonathan Birdwell, and Mark Littler. 2011. The New face of Digital populism. London: Demos, open access here https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=edf09e410a7c6024cadc5d00c7f60615a77e97fb

Beissinger, M. “‘Conventional’ and ‘Virtual’ Civil Societies in Autocratic Regimes”, Comparative Politics 49(3): 351-371

Benford, Robert D. e David A. Snow. 2000. “Framing Processes and Social Movements: An Overview and Assessment”, Annual Review of Sociology 26: 611-639

Beraldo, D., & Milan, S. (2019). From data politics to the contentious politics of data. Big Data & Society, 6(2), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1177/2053951719885967

Bosi, Lorenzo e Herbert Reiter. 2014. “Historical methodologies: Archival Research and Oral History in Social Movement Research”. In Methodological Practices in Social Movement Research, by Donatella della Porta (ed.). Oxford University Press

Bringel, Breno. 2011. “A busca de uma nova agenda de pesquisa sobre os movimentos sociais e o confronto político: diálogos com Sidney Tarrow”, Política & Sociedade 10(18)

Cardoso, Gustavo, Guya Accornero, Tiago Lapa e Joana Azevedo. 2017. “Social Movements, participation and crisis in Europe”, in Europe’s crisis, ed. by Manuel Castells, Olivier Bouin, Joao Caraca, Gustavo Cardoso, John Thompson and Michel Wieviorka. Cambridge: Polity Press, pp. 405-427

Carvalho, Tiago Martin Portos. 2019. “Alliance building and eventful protests: Comparing Spanish and Portuguese trajectories under the Great Recession”, Social Movement Studies https://doi.org/10.1080/14742837.2019.1681957

De Blasio, Emiliana, and Michele Sorice. 2018. ‘Populism between direct democracy and the technological myth’, Palgrave Communication 4(15): 1-11.

De la Torre, Carlos. 2019. “Global Populism: histories, trajectories, problems and challenges”. In Routledge Handbook of Global Populism, by Carlos de la Torre (eds.). Routledge, 1-28

Dean, Jonathan e Kristin Aune. 2015. “Feminism Resurgent. Mapping Contemporary Feminist Activisms in Europe”, Social Movement Studies 14(4)

Della Porta, Donatella. 2014. “In-Depth interviews”. In Methodological Practices in Social Movement Research, by Donatella della Porta (ed.). Oxford University Press

Della Porta, Donatella. 2014. “Life Histories”. In Methodological Practices in Social Movement Research, by Donatella della Porta (ed.). Oxford University Press

Della Porta, Donatella. 2014. “Social Movement Studies and Methodological Pluralism: An Introduction”. In Methodological Practices in Social Movement Research, by Donatella della Porta. Oxford University Press

della Porta, Donatella. 2016. “Mobilizing for Democracy: The 1989 Protests in Central Eastern Europe”. In Olivier Fillieule e Guya Accornero. 2016. Social Movement Studies in Europe. The State of the Art. Oxford/New York, pp. 37-54.

Diani, Mario e Ivano Bison. 2004. “Organizations, Coalitions, and Movements”, Theory and Society 33(3-4): 281-309

Doerr, Nicole e Noa Milman. 2014. “Working with images”. In Methodological Practices in Social Movement Research, by Donatella della Porta (ed.). Oxford University Press

Doerr, Nicole. 2018. Political Translation. How Social Movement Democracies Survive. Cambridge: Cambridge UP

Dolata, U. and J.F. Schrape. 2016. “Masses, Crowds, Communities, Movements: Collective Action in the Internet Age”, Social Movement Studies 15(1): 1-18

Earl, Jennifer and Katrina Kimport. 2013. Digitally Enabled Social Change. Activism in the Internet Age. Cambridge Massachusetts: MIT

Felicetti, Andrea and Markus Holdo. 2023. ‘Reflective Inclusion: Learning from Activists What Taking a Deliberative Stance Means’, Political Studies, https://doi.org/10.1177/00323217221150867

Flesher Fominaya, C. (2014), “Debunking Spontaneity: Spain's 15-M/Indignados as Autonomous Movement”, Social Movement Studies 14(2): 142-163

Garrett, K. (2006). Protest in an information society: A review of literature on social movements and new ICTs. Information, Communication & Society, 9(2), 202–224. https://doi.org/10.1080/13691180600630773

Ghaziani, Amin, Vera Taylor e Amy Stone. 2016. “Cycles of Sameness and Difference in LGBT Social Movements”, Annual Review of Sociology 42(1), 165-183

Hutter, Swen.2014. “Protest Event Analysis and Its Offspring”. In Methodological Practices in Social Movement Research, by Donatella della Porta. Oxford University Press

Jasper, James. 2015. “Introduction. Players and Arenas Formerly Known as the State”. In Breaking Down the State. Protestors Engaged with Authorities, edited by James Jasper and Jan Duyvendak, 9-24. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press

Jian, Chen et al. 2018. The Routledge Handbook of the Global Sixties Between Protest and Nation-Building. Abingdon: Routledge

Joyce, M. ed. 2010. Digital Activism Decoded. The New Mechanics of Change. NYC: International Debate Education Association

Klein, A. 2015. 'Vigilante Media: Unveiling Anonymous and the Hacktivist Persona in the Global Press”, Communication Monographs 82(3): 379-401

Koopmans, Ruud e Paul Statham. 1999. “Political Claims Analysis: Integrating Protest Event and Political Discourse Approaches?, Mobilization 4(2): 203-221

Lane, Jeffrey. 2016. “The Digital Street: Na Ethnographic Study of Networked Street Life in Harlem”, American Behavioral Scientist 60(1): 43-58 (no repositório)

Lee, Francis. 2018. “Internet alternative media, movement experience, and radicalism: the case of post-Umbrella Movement Hong Kong”, Social Movement Studies 17(2): 219-233

Lindekilde, Lasse. 2014. “Discourse and Frame Analysis: In-Depth Analyisis of Qualitative Data in Social Movement Research”. In Methodological Practices in Social Movement Research, by Donatella della Porta. Oxford University Press

Luhtakallio, Eeva Nina Eliasoph. 2014. “Ethnography of Politics and Political Communication: Studies in Sociology and Political Science”. In The Oxford Handbook of Political Communication, by Kate Kenski and Kathleen Hall Jamieson (eds.). Oxford University Press

Mattoni, Alice. 2017. “A Situated Understanding of Digital Technologies in Social Movements. Media Ecology and Media Practice Approaches”. Social Movement Studies 16 (4): 494-505

McDonald, K. 2015. “From Indymedia to Anonymous: rethinking action and identity in digital cultures”, Information, Communication & Society 18(8): 968-928

Milan, Stefania. 2014. “The Ethics of Social Movement Reserch”. In Methodological Practices in Social Movement Research, by Donatella della Porta (ed.). Oxford University Press

Mosca, Lorenzo. 2014. “Methodological Practices in Social Movement Online Research”. In Methodological Practices in Social Movement Research. Oxford University Press, by Donatella della Porta (ed), pp. 398-417

Neveu, Erik. 2016. “The European Movements of ?68: Ambivalent Theories, Ideological Memories, and Exciting Puzzles”. In Olivier Fillieule e Guya Accornero. 2016. Social Movement Studies in Europe. The State of the Art. Oxford/New York, pp. 21-37.

Norris, Pippa. 2002. Democratic Phoenix. Reinventing Political Activism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Owen, S. 2017. “Monitoring social media and protest movements: ensuring political order through surveillance and surveillance discourse”, Social Identities Journal for the Study of Race, Nation and Culture 23(6): 688-700.

Paternotte, David e Roman Kuhar. 2017. “The anti-gender movement in comparative perspective”. In Anti-Gender Campaigns in Europe. Mobilizing against Equality, by Roman Kuhar e David Paternotte. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield

Pichardo, Nelson A. 1997. “New Social Movements: A Critical Review”, Annual Review of Sociology 23: 411-430

Poell, T. 2019. “Social media, temporality, and the legitimacy of protest”, Social Movement Studies, DOI: 10.1080/14742837.2019.1605287

Polletta, Francesca, e James Jasper. 2001. ?Collective Identity and Social Movements?, Annual Review of Sociology 27: 283-305

Rootes, Chris. 1999. “Environmental movements: From the local to the global”. Enviromental Politics 8(1): 1-12

Roth, Silk. 2018. “Introduction: Contemporary Counter-Movements in the Age of Brexit and Trump”. Sociological Research Online 23(2), 496-506

Ruzza, Carlo. 2009. “Populism and euroscepticism: Towards uncivil society?”, Policy and Society 28(1): 87-98

Ruzza, Carlo. 2019. “Populism, migration, and henophobia in Europe”. In Routledge Handbook of Global Populism, by Carlos de la Torre (eds.). Routledge

Tejerina, Benjamin et al. (eds.) 2013. “From indignation to occupation: a new wave of global mobilization”, special issue in Current Sociology 61(4)

Tejerina, Benjamin. 2017. “Los movimientos sociales en la Transición Política: herencias, singularidades y transformaciones de la movilización social en la década de 1970”, Debats

Trmayne, M. 2014. “Anatomy of Protest in the Digital Era: A Network Analysis of Twitter and Occupy Wall Street”, Social Movement Studies 13(1): 110-126 (no repositório)

Van Ness, Justin e Erika Summers-Effler. 2018. “Emotion in Social Movements”. In The Blackwell Companion to Social Movements, eds. by David Snow et al. (2o ed.). Hoboken: Wiley

1. Social Policies: boundaries and definitions. Definition and scope in the public policies. Origins and historical development.
2. Welfare State and Social Policies: models, transformations and debates. Typologies, models and distinctive aspects of the Welfare States. Welfare States, drivers of change and adjustment paths. The specificities of the Southern Europe. European social model(s).
3. Social Policies in Portugal: traces, tracks and challenges. Portuguese society and social protection. Education, training and qualification. Social Protection. Health Policies.

The summative evaluation includes:

- Group component: oral presentation (25%),

- Individual component (75%)


The evaluation system also includes a final exam for students who opt for final evaluation form.

Mandatory

- Rodrigues, M. L. ; Silva, P. A. (org.) (2012), Políticas Públicas em Portugal, Lisboa : INCS/ISCTE-IUL.
- Rodrigues, M. L.; Silva, P. A. (org.) (2013), Políticas Públicas para a reforma do Estado, Coimbra, Almedina.

- Pierson, P. (2001). The New Politics of the Welfare State. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

- Pierson, C. (1998). Beyond the Welfare State. The New Political Economy of Welfare. Cambridge: Polity Press.

- Mozzicafreddo, J. P. (1998). Estado Providência e Cidadania em Portugal. Oeiras: Celta Editora.

- Hemerijck, A. (2012). Changing Welfare States. Oxford : Oxford University Press.

- Ferrera, M. ; Hemerijck, A. ; Rhodes, M. (2000). O Futuro da Europa Social - Repensar o Trabalho e a Protecção Social na Nova Economia. Oeiras: Celta Editora.

- Castles, F. G. ; Leibfried, S. ; Lewis, J.; Obinger, H.; Pierson, C. (eds.) (2010). The Oxford Handbook of the Welfare State. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Optional

- Wilthagen, Ton (2004), ?Balancing flexibility and security in European labour markets?, Paper presented at the Conference on Recent Developments in European industria lrelations, organised by the Dutch Socio-Economic Council (SER) within the framework of the Dutch EU presidency (The Hague, 7-8 October 2004) http://www.tilburguniversity.nl/faculties/law/research/reflect/publications/papers/fxp2004-10-wilthagenser.pdf
- Wilthagen, Ton and Frank TROS (2003), "The concept of flexicurity: a new approach to regulating employment and labour markets", Flexicurity Research Papers, 4-2003, Tilburg: Tilburg University. http://www.tilburguniversity.nl/faculties/law/research/flexicurity/publications/papers/fxp2003_4.pdf

- Viegas, José Manuel e António Firmino da Costa (org.) (1998), Portugal, que Modernidade?, Oeiras, Celta Editora.

- Van Parijs, Phillipe (2000), ?Basic Income: a simple and powerful idea for the XXI Century?, Basic Income European Network, VIII International Congress, Berlim, 6-7 Outubro 2000. http://www.etes.ucl.ac.be/bien/Files/Papers/2000VanParijs.pdf

- Torres, Anália Cardoso et al. (2000), ?Trabalho e vida familiar: problemas, soluções e perplexidades?, Cadernos de política social, nº2-3, Lisboa: Associação Portuguesa de Segurança Social, pp29-49.

- Silva, Pedro Adão e Silva (2002), ?Sul da Europa: reflexões sobre a utilidade de um conceito?, Sociologia Problemas e Práticas,

- Silva, Pedro Adão e (2002), ?O modelo de welfare da Europa do Sul: reflexões sobre a utilidade do conceito?, Sociologia Problemas e Práticas, nº 38, pp. 25-59. https://repositorio.iscte.pt/bitstream/10071/382/1/38.03.pdf

- SILVA, Pedro Adão e (1999), ?A crítica ao serviço dos surfistas?, Revista Crítica de Ciências Sociais, nº54, Junho, pp. 91-99.

- Schmid, Gunther and Klaus Schomann (2004), "Managing social risks through transitional labour markets: towards a european social model", Tlm.net Working Papers, 1-2004. http://www.siswo.uva.nl/tlm/root_files/seminalpaper.PDF

- Romero, Ricardo Montoro (1997), ?Fundamentos teóricos de la política social?, in Carmen Alemán Bracho e Jorge Garcés Ferrer (coords.), Política Social, Madrid: McGraw Hill, pp. 33-51.

- Planas, Jordi (2004), ?Formação ao longo da vida: a formação inicial como condição prévia e a sua articulação com a formação contínua?, Cadernos Sociedade e Trabalho, nº 4, Lisboa: MTS, pp.77-88.

- Pierson, Christopher (1998), ?Origins and development of the Welfare State 1880-1975?, in Beyond the Welfare State. The New Political Economy of Welfare, Cambridge: Polity Press, pp. 99-133.

- Pereirinha, José e Daniel Carolo (2006), ?Construção do Estado-Providência em Portugal no período do Estado-Novo (1935-1974): notas sobre a evolução da despesa social?, WP 30/2006. http://pascal.iseg.utl.pt/~depeco/wp/wp302006.pdf

- Palier, Bruno (2002), Gouverner la Securité Sociale, Les Réformes du Système Français de Protection Sociale depuis 1945, Paris: PUF, pp. 15-61.

- OECD (2005), Ageing and employment policies, Paris: OECD, especialmente 13-89 (vários capítulos)

- MTSS (2007), Livro Branco das Relações Laborais, Lisboa: MTSS. (partes II, III ou IV) http://www.mtss.gov.pt/docs/LivroBrancoDigital.pdf

- MTSS (2006), Livro Verde das Relações Laborais, Lisboa: MTSS. http://www.mtss.gov.pt/docs/Livro%20Verde%20sobre%20as%20Rela%C3%A7%C3%B5es%20Laborais.pdf

Mozzicafreddo, Juan (1998), Estado Providência e Cidadania em Portugal, Oeiras, Celta Editora.

- Montagut, Teresa (2004), Política Social: una introducción, Madrid: Ariel, pp.19-28

- Meulders, Danièle, Robert Plasman, Jérôme de Heneau, Leila Maron, Sile O?Dorchai (2007), Trabalho e maternidade na Europa, condições de trabalho e políticas públicas, in Cadernos de Pesquisa, v.37, pp. 611-640. http://www.scielo.br/pdf/cp/v37n132/a0637132.pdf

- Matias, Álvaro (1999), Economia da Segurança Social, Lisboa: Associação Portuguesa da Segurança Social, pp.87-140 e 150-197. http://www.portugal.gov.pt/NR/rdonlyres/BF2E7DA8-4F29-469D-ABDC-7D7089F116E5/0/Acordo_Reforma_Seguranca_Social.pdf

- Madson, Per K. (2002), "Security and flexibility, friends or foes? Some observations from the case of Denmark", comunicação à 2ª conferência França/OIT "The future of work, employment and social protection", Genéve: IILS/ILO http://www-ilo-mirror.cornell.edu/public/english/bureau/inst/download/madsen.pdf

- Leitão, Maria Josefina (2002), ?O sistema de relações de trabalho português no contexto europeu?, Lisboa/ Oeiras: MTS/Celta, Cadernos Sociedade e Trabalho, nº1, Trabalho e Relações Laborais, pp.213-231López, Luís Vila (1997), ?Política social europea? in Carmen Alemán Bracho e Jorge Garcés Ferrer (coords.), Política Social, Madrid: McGraw Hill, pp. 103-132.

- Karamessini, Maria (207), The southern european social model: changes and continuities in recent decades, Geneve: ILO

- Hemerijck, Anton (2006), "Recalibrating Europe's semi-sovereign welfare states", WZB discussion papers, Berlin: Social Science Research Center. http://skylla.wz-berlin.de/pdf/2006/i06-103.pdf

- Goméz; Manuel Herrera e Pedro Castón Boyer (2003), Las políticas sociales en las sociedades complejas, Madrid: Ariel, pp. 21-46.

- Goodin, Robert E., Bruce HEADEY, Ruud MUFFELS e Henk-Jan DIRVEN (2000), ?The real worlds of welfare capitalism?, in Christopher Pierson e Stephen Castles, The Welfare State Reader, Cambridge: Polity Press, pp. 171-188.

- Fundação Giacomo Brodolini (2006), Job instability and family trends, Roma: FGB, pp. 15-37.

- Freire, João (2002), ?O sistema de relações colectivas de trabalho em Portugal?, Lisboa/ Oeiras: MTS/Celta, Cadernos Sociedade e Trabalho, nº1, Trabalho e Relações Laborais, pp. 85-96.

- Flaquer, Lluis (2000), Las perspectives familiars en una perspectiva comparada, Madrid: Fundación ?La Caixa? http://obrasocial.lacaixa.es/StaticFiles/StaticFiles/fc6f75cd4a2ef010VgnVCM200000128cf10aRCRD/es/es03_esp.pdf

- Flaquer, Lluis (2000), ?Family policy and welfare state in Southern Europe?, WP nº 185, Barcelona: Institut de Ciències Politiques i Socials. http://www.recercat.net/bitstream/2072/1280/1/ICPS185.pdf

- Ferrera, Maurizio (1996), ?The 'southern model' of welfare in social Europe?, Journal of European Social Policy, 6 (1): 17-37.

- European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions (EIRO), Fertility and family issues in an enlarged Europe, Dublin: EIRO, especialmente 1-22 e 71-80.

- European Commission (2007), Europe?s demographic future: facts and figures on challenges and opportunities, Bruxelas: European Commission (vários capítulos).

- Erskine, Angus (2003), ?The approaches and methods of social policy?, in Pete Alcock, Angus Erskine e Margaret May (eds.), The student?s companion to social policy, Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2ª ed, pp. 11-16 [1ª ed: 1998].

- Dornelas, António (2008), ?Os trabalhos de Sísifo e o mundo do trabalho em Portugal?, in Cadernos de Ciências Sociais, nº 25-26, pp.55-95

- Dornelas, António (2007), "Que modelo de flexigurança?", comunicação à Conferência "Os desafios centrais da flexigurança", Presidência Portuguesa da União Europeia, Setembro 2007, Lisboa: MTSS. http://www.mtss.gov.pt/eu2007pt/preview_documentos.asp?r=377%20&m=PDF

- Dornelas, António (1997) ?As relações laborais em Portugal: é possível mudar? É possível não mudar??, Lisboa: MTS.

- Centeno, Luís (2006), Flexibilidade e segurança no mercado de trabalho português, Lisboa: MTSS.

- Carneiro, Roberto (2007), Baixas qualificações em Portugal, Lisboa: MTSS, Colecção Cogitum, nº 29, pp. 5-46 e 111-130.

- Carneiro, Roberto (coord.) (2000), Educar e Aprender no Século XXI, tendências e desafios, Lisboa: MTS, pp.75-110 e 255-274.

- Capucha, Luís (2005), Desafios da Pobreza, Lisboa: Celta.

- Carolo, http://www.xrepp.cat/typo/fileadmin/Image_Archive/seminaries/DC_Barcelona_2008-1.pdf

- Cabral, Nazaré da Costa (2001), O financiamento da segurança social e suas implicações redistributivas. Enquadramento e regime jurídico, Lisboa: Associação Portuguesa da Segurança Social, pp47-126.

- Briggs, Asa (2000), ?The Welfare State in historical perspective?, in Christopher Pierson e Stephen

- Bernardo, Joaquim (2004), ?Da educação e formação à educação-formação ? dois mundos complementares ou concorrentes??, Cadernos Sociedade e Trabalho, nº 4, Lisboa: MTS, pp.57-75

- Beck, Wolfgang, Van der MAESEN, Laurent e WALKER. Alan (orgs) (1997), The Social Quality of Europe, Londres, Kluwer Law International.

- Auer, Peter (2006), ?Mobilidade protegida para o emprego e o trabalho digno: segurança no mercado de trabalho num mundo globalizado?, in Sociedade e Trabalho, nº 27, Lisboa: MTSS, pp.

- Auer, Peter (2007), "From job security to labour market security: flexi-curity for reducing labour market segmentation", comunicação à Conferência "Os desafios centrais da flexigurança", Presidência Portuguesa da União Europeia, Setembro 2007, Lisboa: MTSS. http://www.mtss.gov.pt/eu2007pt/preview_documentos.asp?r=382%20&m=PDF

- Auer, Peter (2005), "Protected mobility for employment and decent work: Labour market security in a globalised world", Employment Strategy Papers, Genéve: OIT. http://www-ilo-mirror.cornell.edu/public/english/employment/strat/download/esp2005-1.pdf

- Arcanjo, Manuela (2006), ?Ideal (and real) types of welfare state?, Working Paper 06/2006, Lisboa: ISEG-UTL.

- Adnett, Nick e Stephen Hardy (2005), ?The future of the European Social Model: modernisation or evolution?, in The European Social Model, Londres: Edward Elgar, pp. 198-212.

- AA.VV (2002), Portugal 1995-2000, Perspectivas de evolução social, Oeiras, DEPP-MTS/Celta Editora.