The programme contents (CPs) will be adjusted each year to the research projects presented and carried out by the doctoral students, and will include:
a) a tutorial component, with specific topics for each student, provided by their supervisors;
b) a seminar component, with discussion of topics of common interest on research and analysis in communication sciences and based on the presentation of intermediate results of their research by the doctoral students and comments by the professors;
c) a conference component, debating research and analyses of a high scientific standard, carried out and in progress, presented by leading national and international researchers and academics;
d) a public presentation of the work at a Doctoral Colloquium in Communication Sciences.

Every year doctoral students submit research papers to the doctoral research seminar and a progress report (for the transition year) which is assessed by the Evaluation Panel appointed by the doctoral scientific committee. In the 3rd year they present a paper at the Doctoral Colloquium. Participation in the international cycle is monitored. The thesis is publicly discussed and assessed by a scientific jury (articles 31 and 32 of the ISCTE-IUL NRGD).

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Participation and intervention in seminars and conferences will be evaluated by the teacher, that will document this evaluation to finish the study cycle, and any negative evaluation will compromise the thesis? presentation.

Mandatory

Não se aplica/ Not applicable

Optional

Habermas, J. (1989). The structural transformation of the public sphere: An inquiry into a category of bourgeois society. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Hall, S. (1980). Encoding/Decoding. In Hall, S. et al. (eds.), Culture, Media, Language: Working Papers in Cultural Studies 1972–79. Oxford: Routledge. Hallin, D. C., & Mancini, P. (2004). Comparing Media Systems: Three Models of Media and Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Hjarvard, S. (2008). The Mediatization of Society: A Study of Media as Agents of Social and Cultural Change. Nordicom Review, 29(1), 105–134. Jenkins, H. (2006). Convergence Culture: Where Old and New Media Collide. New York: NYU Press. Kitchin, R. (2014). The Data Revolution: Big Data, Open Data, Data Infrastructures & Their Consequences. London: Sage. Berger, P. L., & Luckmann, T. (1991). The Social Construction of Reality: A Treatise in the Sociology of Knowledge. London: Penguin Books. McCombs, M. E., & Shaw, D. L. (1972). Agenda-setting function of mass media. Public Opinion Quarterly, 36(2), 176–187. Pasquale, F. (2015). The Black Box Society: The Secret Algorithms That Control Money and Information. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Poell, T., Nieborg, D., & van Dijck, J. (2019). Platformisation. Internet Policy Review, 8(4).

1. Topic and problem of the internship
2. Internship plan
3. Theoretical and methodological framework
4. Methodology of collaborative action research
5. Evaluation
6. Report

Individual report, which contains the following elements:
a) Characterization of the institutional context (history, organization, policies and services, activities, organizational structure and functioning);
b) Framing the internship institution;
c) Description of the activities developed (roles, responsibilities, agents, work processes, methodologies used)
d) Critical and theoretically based conclusions
e) References
The UC does not contemplate the modality of evaluation by Exam.

Mandatory

- Sweitzer, H. Frederick e King, Mary A. (2014), The Successful Internship: Personal, Professional, and Civic Development in Experiential Learning, Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning.
- Reeher, Gant e Mariani, Mack (2002), The Insider's Guide To Political Internships: What To Do Once You're In The Door, Nova Iorque: Basic Books

- Neves, José, Garrido, Margarida, Simões Eduardo (2008), Manual de Competências Pessoais, Interpessoais e Instrumentais. Teoria e Prática, Lisboa: Editora SÍLABO

- Della Porta, Donatella e Keating Michael (eds.) (2008) Approaches and Methodologies in the Social Sciences. A Pluralist Perspective, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press

- Courtney, Roger (2013), Strategic Management in the Third Sector, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan

- Capucha, Luís (2008), Planeamento e Avaliação de Projetos. Guião Prático, Lisboa: ME/DGIDC

Optional

Module I
1. Theories and general approaches to the research themes.
2. The primacy of theory. Construction of analytical models.
2.1 Qualitative, quantitative and mixed research models.
3. Logical and deductive methodologies.
4. Comprehensive methodologies.
4.1 Principles, characteristics, objectives and base concepts.
4.2 Models and modelling qualitative research.
4.3 Major qualitative techniques for collecting information. Interviews, biographic approaches, observation.
5. Selection of units of observation and sampling.
Module II
Research design
Content Analysis: theory and method
Computer-Aided Content Analysis:
- Introduction to MAXqda
- Codification in MAXqda
- Automatic codification in Maxdictio
- MAXqda outputs
- MAXqda visual tools
- Theme relevance analysis: Articulation between MAXqda and Excel
- Quantitative content analysis: Statistical analysis based on conceptual categories

Individual work with a minimum mark of 10 and corresponding to 100% of the assessment.

The work has the structure of a research project that reflects on and deepens the methodologies and techniques to be used in Communication Sciences.

The assessment of this course does not include a final written exam.

Mandatory

Bryman, Alan (2012), Social research methods. 4th Ed. Oxford University Press Inc., New York.

Lessard-Hébert, M; G. Goyette; G. Boutin (2005), Investigação Qualitativa ? Fundamentos e Práticas, Lisboa: Piaget

Ketele, J-M. e X. Roegiers (s/d), Metodologia de Recolha de Dados - Fundamentos dos Métodos de Observações, de Questionários, de Entrevistas e de Estudo de Documentos, Lisboa: Instituto Piaget.


Gigglione, R e B. Matalon (1992), O Inquérito-Teoria e prática, Oeiras: Celta.

Flick, U. (2005), Métodos Qualitativos na Investigação Científica, Lisboa: Monitor.

MÓDULO II

Wimmer, R. D., & Dominick, J. R. (2003). Mass Media Research: An Introduction. CA: Thomson/Wadsworth.

Hammersley, M. & Atkinson, P. (2007). Ethnography: Principles in practice. London: Routladge.

Gunter, B. (2000). Media research methods: measuring audiences, reactions and impact. London: Sage.

Creswell, J. W. (2009). Research Design ? Quantitative, Qualitative and Mixed Methods Approaches. London: Sage.

Optional

Guerra, I. C. (2006), Pesquisa Qualitativa e Análise de Conteúdo, Estoril: Principia.

CP1. Introduction to Internet Studies and its main theoretical frameworks
CP2. Beyond “Digital Dualisms”: Gender, the Body and intersectionality in the Digital Age
CP3. Digital inequalities: Divisions, access and Digital Participation
CP4. The impacts of digital networks on users’ daily and social lives
CP5. Platformization and the Political Economy of the Internet
CP6. Internet and epistemic, epistemological and communicational crises
CP7. Internet Networks, Governance and Policy
CP8. Power and Social Movements in the Digital Age

Assessment Structure:
Assessment will be carried out at two essential moments, designed to assess both students' understanding of key concepts and their ability to carry out original research.

Presentation of Text in Class (30% of Final Grade):

Description: Each student will choose a text related to one of the thematic areas of the course. They will present a critical review and analysis of the chosen text in class.

Objectives evaluated:
-Understand the historical development and theoretical foundations.
-Critically analyze social, cultural, political and economic impacts.
-Assess the ethical and social implications.

Evaluation criteria:
-Understanding and explanation of the main arguments and theories of the text.
-Critical analysis and ability to contextualize the text within the broader Internet studies literature.
-Clarity, coherence and depth of presentation.
-Engagement with the audience through questions and answers and discussions.

Final essay (70% of Final Grade):

Description: Students will write a critical and argued essay on a specific point in the UC program. This essay should demonstrate your ability to engage deeply with the course's content and provide a well-reasoned argument.
Objectives evaluated:
- Critical analysis of social, cultural, political and economic impacts.
- Identification of current and emerging issues.
- Assess the ethical and social implications.

Final essay evaluation criteria:
- Depth of analysis and argumentation.
- Integration of theoretical and empirical evidence.
- Clarity, coherence and organization of work.
- Originality and critical thinking demonstrated in argumentation.

Schedule and Deadlines:
Text Presentation:
Text selection and approval: By the end of Week 3.
Presentation dates: Scheduled over weeks 4 to 10, based on topic relevance.
Final essay:
Submission of proposal or essay outline: End of week 8.

This assessment structure ensures a balanced assessment of students' theoretical understanding, critical thinking and research skills, aligned with the learning objectives and course syllabus.

Mandatory

Baldi, V. (2024). Otimizados e desencontrados: ética e crítica na era da inconsciência artificial. Braga: Húmus.

Cardoso G, (org) (2024). A Nova Comunicação. Coimbra: Almedina 2024

Cardoso, G. (2023). A comunicação da comunicação. As pessoas são a mensagem. Lisboa: Mundos Sociais.

Cardoso, G., da Costa, A. F., Coelho, A. R., & Pereira, A. (2015). A sociedade em rede em Portugal: uma década de transição. Coimbra: Almedina.

Castells, M. (2013). Communication power. Oxford: OUP Oxford.

Dutton, W. H. (Ed.). (2013). The Oxford handbook of internet studies. Oxford: OUP Oxford.

Espanha, R., & Lapa, T. (2019). Literacia dos novos media. Lisboa: Mundos sociais.

Van Dijck, J., Poell, T., & De Waal, M. (2018). The platform society: Public values in a connective world. Oxford university press.

Van Dijk, J. (2020). The digital divide. John Wiley & Sons.

Webster, F. (2014). Theories of the information society. Londres: Routledge.

Optional

Altay, S., Berriche, M., & Acerbi, A. (2023). Misinformation on misinformation: Conceptual and methodological challenges. Social media+ society, 9(1)

Burgess, J., Marwick, A., & Poell, T. (Eds.). (2017). The SAGE handbook of social media. Sage.

Cardoso, G. et al. (2013). A sociedade dos ecrãs. Lisboa: Tinta da China.

Cardoso, G., Lapa, T., & Di Fatima, B. (2016). People are the message? Social mobilization and social media in Brazil. International Journal of Communication, 10, 22.

Cardoso, G., Accornero, G., Lapa, T. & Azevedo, J. (2017). Social movements, participation and crisis in Europe. In Manuel Castells, Olivier Bouin, Joao Caraça, Gustavo Cardoso, John Thompson, Michel Wieviorka (Ed.), Europe’s crises. (pp. 405-427). Cambridge: Polity Press.

Dahlgren, P. (2018). Media, knowledge and trust: The deepening epistemic crisis of democracy. Javnost-The Public, 25(1-2), 20-27.

Evangelista, R., & Bruno, F. (2019). WhatsApp and political instability in Brazil: targeted messages and political radicalisation. Internet policy review, 8(4), 1-23.

Graham, M., & Dutton, W. H. (Eds.). (2019). Society and the internet: How networks of information and communication are changing our lives. Oxford University Press.

Helsper, E. J. (2021) The digital disconnect: the causes and consequences of digital inequalities. EBSCOhost

Hirsch-Kreinsen, H. (2023). Artificial intelligence: A “promising technology”. AI & SOCIETY, 1-12.

Kitchin, R. (2014). The data revolution: Big data, open data, data infrastructures and their consequences. Sage.

Lapa, T. et al (2018) “As desigualdades digitais e a sociedade portuguesa: divisão, continuidades e mudanças” In Carmo et al (Orgs.) Desigualdades Sociais: Portugal e a Europa, Lisboa: Mundos Sociais.

Lima-Quintanilha, T., Torres-da-Silva, M., & Lapa, T. (2019). Fake news and its impact on trust in the news. Using the Portuguese case to establish lines of differentiation. Communication & Society, 32(3), 17-33.

Munn, L. (2022). Thinking through silicon: Cables and servers as epistemic infrastructures. New Media & Society, 24(6), 1399-1416.

Rowell, L., & Call-Cummings, M. (2020). Knowledge Democracy, Action Research, the Internet and the Epistemic Crisis. Journal of Futures Studies, 24(4).

Tsatsou, P. (2016). Internet studies: Past, present and future directions. Routledge.

Üzelgün, M. A., Giannouli, I., Archontaki, I., Odstrčilová, K., Thomass, B., & Álvares, C. (2024). Transforming Toxic Debates towards European Futures: Technological Disruption, Societal Fragmentation, and Enlightenment 2.0. Central European Journal of Communication, 17.

Zuboff, S. (2019). The age of surveillance capitalism. Profile Books.

CP1. Research in communication sciences: objectives, methods and results.
CP2. Scientific research projects, integration into research centres, scientific publication.
CP3. Types of research and research strategies. Theory and empirical research. Problems of operationalisation. Familiarisation and distancing: problems of interference. Auxiliary research theories. Levels of analysis. Modes of inference. Modes of explanation.
CP4. Ethical issues in communication science research.
CP5. Research design and components of the research project.

Assessment focuses on:
i) participation in the seminar;
ii) the preparation of a research project for a doctoral thesis, presented in a written document according to the FCT model.

Mandatory

Cardoso, Gustavo (2023). A Comunicação da Comunicação. As Pessoas são a Mensagem. Mundos Sociais.

Castells, M. (2023). The Network Society Revisited. American Behavioral Scientist, 67(7). 940-946. https://doi.org/10.1177/00027642221092803

Eco, U. (2021) ‘Hard and Soft Communication’, Observatorio (OBS*), 15(2). doi: 10.15847/obsOBS15220212010.

McQuail, D. & Deuze, M. (2020). McQuail’s Media & Mass Communication Theory (seventh edition). London: SAGE.

Paquete de Oliveira, J.M. (2017) ‘A comunicação numa perspectiva sociológica’. In: Cardoso, G. (ed.) Comunicação e quotidiano: textos e intervenções (1983-2016). Lisboa: Tinta-da-China.

Winston, B. (1998) Media technology and society: a history: from the telegraph to the internet. Oxford: Routledge.

Winston, B. (2002) ‘Towards Tabloidization? Glasgow revisited, 1975-2001’, Journalism Studies, 3:1, 5-20. doi: 10.1080/14616700120107301.

Optional

Foucault, M. (1979). Truth and Power: An Interview with Michel Foucault. Critique of Anthropology, 4(13–14), 131–137. https://doi.org/10.1177/0308275X7900401311 Bourdieu, P. (2005). The Political Field, the Social Science Field, and the Journalistic Field. In R. Benson & E. Neveu (Eds.), Bourdieu and the Journalistic Field. Cambridge, UK: Polity. Castells, M. (2013). Communication Power. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Cardoso, G. (2020). Networked Communication: People Are the Message. Mundos Sociais. Lisboa. Benkler, Y. (2006). The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom. New Haven & London: Yale University Press. Beer, D. (2017). The Social Power of Algorithms. Information, Communication & Society, 20(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2016.1216147 Gillespie, T. (2018). Custodians of the Internet: Platforms, Content Moderation and Hidden Decisions that Shape Social Media. New Haven: Yale University Press. Diakopoulos, N. (2015). Algorithmic Accountability. Digital Journalism, 3(3), 398–415. https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2014.976411 Bennett, W. L., & Livingston, S. (2018). The Disinformation Order: Disruptive Communication and the Decline of Democratic Institutions. European Journal of Communication, 33(2), 122–139. https://doi.org/10.1177/0267323118760317 Couldry, N., & Hepp, A. (2017). The Mediated Construction of Reality. Cambridge, UK: Polity.

This course is organized in thematic units:
In the first it will be addressed the issues of advertising and communication strategy, the relevance of the communication objectives, the advertising discourse, the persuasion and appeals, and the psychological dimension of the consumption act.
In the second part we will work the notion of "communication" within the framework defined by the Public Relations:
a) the communication is not an addendum to our actions but a special kind of human action, an intentional human action,
b) what we say exceeds what we mean,
c) language is embedded in our human activities, in our life world.
The PR as a strategic function of integration and social development, enabling organizations to understand and adapt to their environment, promoting and encouraging the negotiation between different groups in order to achieve social and economic development.

Doctoral students will be assessed through an individual research.

Mandatory

White, J. e E Mazur, L. [1995] Strategic Communications Management, Addison, England.
Veríssimo, J.(2008) O corpo na Publicidade, Lisboa:Edições Colibri
Tellis, Geradrd (2004), Effective Advertising, Sage Publications, Califórnia
Searle, J. R.[1969] Speech Acts,An Essay in the Philosophy of Language, Cambridge University Press, New York, reimpresso 1994
Percy, Larry, Elliott, Richard (2005), Strategic Advertising Management, New York., Oxford University Press,
Lipovestky, Jilles(2007) A felicidade paradoxal, Lisboa, Edições 70
Grice, H. P.[1957] ?Meaning?, Philosophical Review, 66
Falconi, T.[2004] Governare le relazioni ? obiettivi, strumenti e modelli delle relazioni pubbliche, il sole 24 ORE, Milão.
Dilenshneider,R.[2010] The AMA Handbook of Public Relations, AMA, New York
De Pelsmacker P.; Geuens M.; Van den Bergh J.(2004), Marketing Communications - A European Perspective, London: Prentice Hall
Adam,J-M. & Bonhomme, M.(2000) La Argumentación Publicitaria, Madrid, Catedra

Optional

This curricular unit?s syllabus seeks theoretical and analytical comprehension of the issues related to the clarification of the social role that media play in contemporary times.
General theme
Communication, media and mediations in the era of digital networks.
Specific themes
Communication, media and mediation.
Media, mediation and symbolic power.
Information, knowledge, journalism and media.
Media, culture and entertainment.
Media, sociability and community.
Media, publics and audiences.
Media, consumption and identity.
Media, public opinion, politics and democracy.
Media, innovation and social change.

The evaluation will consider participation in presentations, debates and seminars, and also the classification obtained in the final paper: work developed under a theme selected by the doctoral student, in agreement with the teacher, and that is relevant to the curricular unit, between 3000 and 5000 words (around ten A4 pages).

Mandatory

LEISS et al,1990, Social Communication in Advertising, Routledge

LASH & LURRY,2007, Global Cultures industry, Polity

K. MONTGOMERY,2009, Generation Digital, MIT,Press

J. JONES,2004, Entertaining Politics, Rowman & Littlefield

J. CURRAN et al 2009, ?Media System, Public Knowledge and Democracy?, E J of Communication 24, Sage

H.ORNEBRING, et al(2004),?Tabloid Journalism and the Public Sphere?,Journalism Studies,5:3, Sage

G. MARCUS, 2002,Emotion in democratic politics, Pennsylvania U Press

CROTEAU & HOYNES,2005,Corporate Media and the Public Interest, Pine Forge

R. SILVERSTONE,2005,?The Sociology of Mediation and Communication?, in CALHOUN et al, The Handbook of Sociology, Sage

COWHEY & ARONSON,2009,The Political Economy of Innovation, MIT Press

CARON & CARONIA,2007,Mobile communication in everyday life, Montréal, McGill U Press

BRETON & PROULX, 2002,L?Explosion de la Communication a l?Aube du XXIe Siècle, La Découverte

BRIGS & BURKE, 2002,A Social History of the Media, Polity

Optional

P0 - Presentation of the UC: objectives, bibliography, schedule and evaluation.
P1 - How to design research in communication sciences
P2 - Literature review
P3 - How to critically analyze research in communication sciences
P4 - Methodological strategies

Assessment throughout the semester is broken down into the following components:

1) Presentation in class (30%)
2) Final written work (70%) according to the statement provided by the teacher.

Mandatory

Treadwell, D., & Davis, A. (2019) Introducing communication research: Paths of inquiry (4ª. ed.), Londres, Sage
McQuail, Denis & M. Deuze (2020) McQuails Media and Mass Communication Theory (7ª. ed.), London; Sage
Kubitschko, S., & Kaun, A. (Eds.). (2016) Innovative methods in media and communication research. Cham, Palgrave Macmillan
Jensen, K. Bruhn (ed.) (2012) A handbook of media and communication research: qualitative and quantitative methodologies (2ª. ed.), London, Routledge
Hansen, Anders & Machin, David (2013) Media and communication research methods. London, Palgrave
Croucher, Stephen M. & Cronn-Mills, Daniel (2015) Understanding communication research methods: a theoretical and practical approach, New York, Routledge
Bryman, Alan (2016) Social Research Methods (5ª. ed.), Oxford, Oxford University Press
Berger, Arthur Asa (2019) Media and communication research methods: An introduction to qualitative and quantitative approaches, Londres, Sage

Optional

Schrøder, K., Murray, C., Drotner, K. & Kline, S. (2003) Researching Audiences: A Practical Guide to Methods in Media Audience Analysis. London, Bloomsbury
Rose, G. (2012) Visual Methodologies: An Introduction to Researching with Visual Materials. London, Sage
van Leeuwen, Theo & Carey Jewitt (2008) Handbook of Visual Analysis, London, Sage
Quan-Haase, Anabel & Sloan, Luke (2022) The SAGE Handbook of Social Media Research Methods, 2ª edição. Sage
Halfpenny, Peter & Rob Procter (2016) Innovations in digital research methods, London, Sage
Griffin, E., Ledbetter, A. & Sparks, G. (2019). A First Look at Communication Theory (10ª edição). New York: McGraw Hill Education
Flick, U. (1998) An Introduction to Qualitative Research. London, Sage
de Vaus, David (2014, 6a ed) Surveys in Social Research, New York, Routledge
Croucher, S. & Daniel Cronn-Mills (2018) Understanding Communication Research Methods: A Theoretical and Practical Approach (2a ed), London, Routledge
Corbin, Juliet & Anselm Strauss (2015) Basics of qualitative research: techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory: Londres, Sage
Bertrand, Ina & Hughes, Peter (2017) Media Research Methods. Audiences, Institutions and Texts (2ª ed.) New York, Palgrave
Bauer, M. W., & Gaskell, G. D. (2000) Qualitative Researching with Text, Image and Sound: A Practical Handbook for Social Research. London, Sage
Balnaves, Mark; Stephanie H. Donald & B. Shoesmith (2009) Media Theories and Approaches. A Global Perspective, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan