Bates, Robert, Valentin Y. Mudimbe e Jean O'Barr (eds), 1993, Africa and the Disciplines - The Contributions of Research in Africa to the Social Sciences and Humanities, Chicago, University of Chicago Press Desai, Gaurav e Adeline Masquelier, 2018, Critical Terms for the Study of Africa, Chicago, University of Chicago Press Lauer, Helen e Ko Anyidoho (org.), 2016, O resgate das ciências humanas e das humanidades através de perspectivas africanas, Brasília, FUNAG Mkandawire, Thandika (ed.), 2005, African Intellectuals: Rethinking Politics, Language, Gender and Development, Dakar: Codesria Mudimbe, Valentin Y., 1988, The Invention of Africa: Gnosis, Philosophy and the Order of Knowledge, Bloomington: Indiana University Press Zeleza, Tiyambe (ed), 2006, The Study of Africa. Disciplinary and Interdisciplinary Encounters (Vol I), Dakar, CODESRIA Zeleza, Tiyambe (ed), 2007, The Study of Africa. The Global and Transnational Engagements (Vol II), Dakar, CODESRIA

Módulo 1. 1.1. Produção de conhecimento sobre África Arowosegbe, Jeremiah O., 2016, "African scholars, African Studies and knowledge production on Africa", Africa, 86 (2): 324-38 Friedman, Steven, 2018, "The 'science' of superiority: Africa and scholarly colonial assumptions", Journal of Contemporary African Studies, 36 (4): 449-463 Hountonddji, Paulin J., 2008, "Conhecimento de África, conhecimento de Africanos: Duas perspectivas sobre os Estudos Africanos", Revista Crítica de Ciências Sociais, 80: 149-160 Melber, Henning, 2009, "The relevance of African Studies", Stichproben, Wiener Zeitschrift für kritische Afrikastudien, 16: 183-200 1.2. Estudos Africanos e os Estudos da África do Norte Ampofo, Akosua Adomako, 2016, "Re-viewing Studies on Africa, #Black Lives Matter, and Envisioning the Future of African Studies", African Studies Review, 59 (2): 7-29 Hamminga, Bert, 2005, "Epistemology from the African point of view", in Hamminga, Bert (Ed.), Knowledge Cultures, Comparative Western and African Epistemology, Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi: 57-84 Lydon, Ghislaine, 2005, "Writing trans-Saharan history: Methods, sources and interpretations across the African divide", The Journal of North African Studies, 10(3-4): 293-324 Robinson, Pearl T., 2002, "Area Studies in Search of Africa", in Szanton, David (Ed.), The Politics of Knowledge: Area Studies and the Disciplines, Oakland: University of California Press 1.3. Estudos Africanos e interdisciplinaridade Basedau, Matthias, 2020, "Rethinking African Studies: Four Challenges and the Case for Comparative African Studies", Africa Spectrum, 55(2): 194-206Bryceson, Deborah Fahy, 2012, "Discovery and denial: social science theory and interdisciplinarity in African Studies", African Affairs, 111(443): 281-302 van Leeuwen, Theo, 2005, "Three models of interdisciplinarity", in Wodak, Ruth and Chilton, Paul (Ed.), A New Agenda in (Critical) Discourse Analysis, Theory, Methodology and Interdisciplinarity, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company Bob-Milliar, George M., 2020, ?Introduction: Methodologies for researching Africa?, African Affairs, Online FirstMódulo 2. 2.1. Questões éticas da investigação em contextos africanos Dodsworth, Susan e Nic Cheeseman, 2017, "The Potential and Pitfalls of Collaborating with Development Organizations and Policy Makers in Africa", African Affairs, 117(466): 130-145 Mama, Amina, 2007, "Is It Ethical to Study Africa? Preliminary Thoughts on Scholarship and Freedom", African Studies Review, 50 (1): 1-26 Marshall, Anne and Batten, Suzanne, 2004, "Researching Across Cultures: Issues of Ethics and Power", Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 5 (3), art. 39 2.2. Estudos de caso e método comparativo Bhattacherjee, Anol, 2012, "Social Science Research: Principles, Methods, and Practices", Textbooks Collection. Book 3 Collier, David, 1993, "The comparative method", in Finifter, Ada W. (Ed.), Political Science: The State of the Discipline II, Washington, D.C.: American Political Science Association: 105-119 Gerring, John, 2004, "What Is a Case Study and What Is It Good for?", American Political Science Review, 98 (2): 341-354 2.3. Bases de dados Coffe, Hilde e Catherine Bolzendahl, 2011, "Gender Gaps in Political Participation Across Sub-Saharan African Nations", Soc Indic Res, 102: 245-264 Demarest, Leila e Arnim Langer, 2018, "The study of violence and social unrest in Africa: A comparative analysis of three conflict event datasets", African Affairs, 117 (467): 310-325 Lutmar, Carmela e Lesley G. Terris, 2019, "Introducing a new dataset on leadership change in rebel groups, 1946-2010", Journal of Peace Research, 56(2): 306-315 2.4. Metodologias etnográficas Benzecry, Claudio E., 2015, "What did we say they've said? Four encounters between theory, method and the production of data", Ethnography, 18 (1): 24-34 Neto, Pedro Figueiredo, 2019, "Surreptitious ethnography: Following the paths of Angolan refugees and returnees in the Angola-Zambia borderlands", Ethnography, 20 (1): 128-125 Howlett, Marnie, 2021, "Looking at the ?field? through a Zoom lens: Methodological reflections on conducting online research during a global pandemic", Qualitative Research, Online first2.5. História oral e entrevistas Lesutis, Gedminas, 2018, "The Politics of Narrative: Methodological Reflections on Analysing Voices of the Marginalized in Africa", African Affairs, 117 (468): 509-521 Guest, Greg, Arwen Bunce e Laura Johnson, 2006, "How Many Interviews Are Enough?: An Experiment with Data Saturation and Variability", Field Methods, 18(1): 59-82 Vansina, Jean, 1985, Oral Tradition as History, Oxford, James Currey 2.6. Conhecimentos endógenos e propostas metodológicas Adams, Glenn, 2014, "Decolonizing methods: African studies and qualitative research", Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 31(4): 467-474 Briggs, John, 2005, "The use of indigenous knowledge in development: problems and challenges", Progress in Development Studies, 5(2): 99-114 Ndlovu-Gatsheni, Sabelo J., 2015, "Decoloniality as the Future of Africa", History Compass 13(10): 485-496

Bryant, A., & Charmaz, K. (2010). The Sage Handbook of Grounded Theory: Paperback Edition. Los Angeles, Calif.: Sage Publications Ltd.Bryceson, Deborah Fahy, 2012, "Discovery and denial: social science theory and interdisciplinarity in African Studies", African Affairs, 111(443): 281-302 Burgess, R. G. (2015). Field research: a sourcebook and field manual. Abingdon: Routledge.Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2017). Designing and conducting mixed methods research. Retrieved from https://nls.ldls.org.uk/welcome.html?ark:/81055/vdc_100048438921.0x000001Davidson, J. (2010). Cultivating Knowledge: Development, Dissemblance, and Discursive Contradictions among the Diola of Guinea-Bissau. American Ethnologist, 37 (2), 212?226.Devereux, S. and J. Hoddinott (eds). 1992. Fieldwork in Developing Countries. Hemel Hempstead: Harvester Wheatsheaf.Dubois, J.-L., & Blaizeau, D. (1989). Connaître les conditions de vie des ménages dans les pays en développement. Paris: Ministère de la coopér

1.Ansu-Kyeremeh, K. (2005). Indigenous Communication in Africa. Concept, Application and Prospects: Concepts, Application and Prospects. Accra?: Oxford, UK: African Books Collective. Introduction: Toward Ethnographies of Communication1 - HYMES - 2011 - American Anthropologist - Wiley Online Library. (n.d.). Retrieved November 30, 2016, from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1525/aa.1964.66.suppl_3.02a00010/pdf2.Batibo, H. (2015). The prevalence of cultural diversity in a multilingual situation: the case of age and gender dimensions in the Shisukuma and Kiswahili greeting rituals. Journal of Multicultural Discourses, 10(1), 100?111. https://doi.org/10.1080/17447143.2014.9933983.Bhattacherjee, A. (2012). Social science research: principles, methods, and practices.4.Blum, A. (2016). The border between intimacy and anonymity in innocuous action: The greeting as a social form. Journal of Classical Sociology, 16(1), 69?83. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468795X155744105.Collier, P., & Sambanis, N. (Eds.). (2005). Understanding civil war: evidence and analysis. Washington, D.C: World Bank.6.Doob, L. W. (1961). Communication in Africa. Yale University Press.7.Flick, U. (2013). The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Data Analysis. Los Angeles, Calif.: Sage Publications Ltd.8.Mason, J. (2002). Qualitative researching (2nd ed). London?; Thousand Oaks, Calif: Sage Publications.9.Ogunniyi, M. D. (2014). Extra-mundane Communication: An Ethnographic Study of Visual Symbols at Osun Osogbo Sacred Groove. Retrieved from http://www.academia.edu/download/37115977/Extra_mundane_Communication.pdf10.Participatory Learning and Action 56: General Issue. (2007). London: International Institute for Environment and Development.11.Robinson, W. L. (2003). Communication Patterns in Refugee Camps. The George Washington University.12.Sanusi, B. O. (2013). Faith, Religion and Communication: The Communication Pattern In Traditional African Religion. International Journal of Innovative Research and Development|| ISSN 2278?0211, 2(11). Retrieved from http://www.ijird.com/index.php/ijird/article/view/4122113.Scheper-Hughes, N., Bourgois, S. P., & Bourgois, P. (2003). Violence in War and Peace: An Anthology (New.). Malden, Mass.: Blackwell Publ.14.Scoones, I., & Thompson, J. (Eds.). (2000). Beyond farmer first: rural people?s knowledge, agricultural research and extension practice (Reprinted). London: Intermediate Technology.15.Silverman, D. (1998). Harvey Sacks: Social Science and Conversation Analysis (1st ed.). Cambridge: Blackwell Publishers.16.Silverman, D. (2013). A Very Short, Fairly Interesting and Reasonably Cheap Book about Qualitative Research (0002 ed.). London: Sage Publications Ltd.17.Silverman, D. (2015). Interpreting Qualitative Data (5th Revised edition.). Los Angeles, Calif.: Sage Publications Ltd.

- Bates, R, et al (eds), 1993, Africa and the Disciplines: The contribuitions of Research in Africa to the Social Sciences and Humanities, Chicago, UCP.- Bob-Milliar, GM, 2020 "Introduction: Methodologies for researching Africa", African Affairs, 121 (484): 55?65. - Bryman, A 2012 Social Research Methods, London, OUP.- Cheeseman, N et al, 2017 "Notes on researching Africa", African Affairs.- Chambliss, DF. e R K Schutt, 2022 Making Sense of the Social World: Methods of Investigation, London, Sage. - Kamler, B e P Thomson, 2014 Helping Doctoral Students Write Pedagogies for supervision, Oxon, Routledge. - Thomas, GA, 2011 "Typology for the Case Study in Social Science Following a Review of Definition, Discourse, and Structure", Qualitative Inquiry, 17(6):511-521.- Seawright, J e J Gerring, 2008 "Case Selection Techniques in Case Study Research: A Menu of Qualitative and Quantitative Options", Political Research Quarterly, 61 (2):294-308.

- Africa Today, 1997-1998, "The Future of Regional Studies", Africa Today, 44, 2 & 3.- African Studies Review, 1981, "Social Science and Humanities Research in Africa: a Assessment", African Studies Review, 2-3.- Bickman, L e D Rog (eds), 1998, Handbook of Applied Social Research Methods, London, Sage.- Caregnato, RCA e R Mutti, 2006 Pesquisa Qualitativa: Análise De Discurso Versus Análise de Conteúdo, Texto & Contexto ? Enfermagem, 15 (4): 679-684.- Creswell, J et al. (2003, 221) Advanced Mixed Methods Research Designs, London, Sage. - Feyerabend, P K, 1975, Against method: outline of an anarchistic theory of knowledge, London, Humanities Press.- Freitas, WRS et al, 2011 Utilizando estudo de caso(s) como estratégia de pesquisa qualitativa: boas práticas e sugestões, Estudo & Debate, Lajeado, 18 (2): 07-22.- Kumar, R, (2011, Research Methodology: A Step-by-Step Guide for Beginners. 3rd Edition,. New Delhi, Sage.- Mafeje , A 2001 African Social Scientists Reflections, Nairobi, Heinrich Boll.- Szanton, D (ed) 2004, The Politics of Knowledge - Area Studies and the Disciplines, Berkeley, The University California Press.- Ridley, D, 2008 The Literature Review: a Step-by-Step Guide for Students, Londres, Sage.- Zanker, F e K Newbery, 2013 ?Comparison Re-Invented: Adaptation of Universal Methods to African Studies (Conference Report).? Africa Spectrum, 48 (2): 107?15.- Zeleza, T (ed) 2006-2007, The Study of Africa. Disciplinary and Interdisciplinary Encounters, Dakar, CODESRIA, 2 vols.

Cheeseman, Nic (ed.). 2020. The Oxford Encyclopedia of African Politics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Desai, Gaurav e Adeline Masquelier, 2018, Critical Terms for the Study of Africa, Chicago, University of Chicago Press.Gez, Y. N.; Yvan Droz; Jeanne Rey; Edio Soares. 2021. Butinage: The Art of Religious Mobility. Toronto, Canadá: University of Toronto PressMartins, Vasco. 2021. Colonialism, Ethnicity and War in Angola. London: RoutledgeSanches, Edalina Rodrigues (ed.). 2022. Popular Protest, Political Opportunities, and Change in Africa. London and New York: Routledge. Valverde, Paulo (2000), Máscara, Mato e Morte em São Tomé, Oeiras: Celta Editora

Módulo 1Kovacs, M.S. 2018. Introduction: The everyday politics of electoral violence in Africa. In Violence in African Elections. Between Democracy and Big Man Politics. London: Zed Book.Sanches, E. R. 2022. Introduction: Zooming in on protest and change in Africa. In Popular Protest, Political Opportunities, and Change in Africa. London and New York: Routledge. Taylor, C., F., Pevehouse, J., C., W., Straus, S. 2017. Perils of pluralism: Electoral violence and incumbency in sub-Saharan Africa. Journal of Peace Research, 54(3), pp 397?411. Módulo 2Boswell, Rosabelle (2017), ?Sega as voice-work in the Indian Ocean region?, Journal of the Indian Ocean Region, 13(1), pp. 92?110, doi.org/10.1080/19480881.2016.1270010.Feld, Steven (2017), ?On Post-Ethnomusicology Alternatives: Acoustemology?, in Giannattasio, Francesco & Giovanni Giuriati, Perspectives on a 21st century comparative musicology: ethnomusicology or transcultural musicology?, Udine, Nota.Nascimento, Augusto (2013), ?Das bancas de matraquilhos ao ?campo dos caranguejos?, dos estádios aos terreiros: campos de jogos num espaço microinsular do tempo colonial ao pós-independência?, Cadernos de Estudos Africanos, 26, pp. 177-222.Pudaruth, Santosh Kumar (2017), ?Nation Rebranding Through a New Approach to Cultural Diplomacy: A Case Study of Mauritius?, SAGE Open, 7(2). https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244017704483.Valverde, Paulo (2000), Máscara, Mato e Morte em São Tomé, Oeiras, Celta Editora.Módulo 3Gez, Yonatan N. 2021. ?The Afterlives of International DevelopmentInterventions: A Site-Specific Ethnographic Approach?. The Journal of Development StudiesKohnert, Dirk and Bierschenk, Thomas and Elwert, Georg. 1993. ?The long-term effects of development aid: empirical studies in rural West Africa?. Economics: Biannual Journal of the Institute for Scientific Co-operation, 47(1): 83-111Stoler, Ann Laura (ed.). 2013. Imperial Debris. On Ruins and Ruination. Durham: Duke University PressMódulo 4Berenschot, Ward and Gerry van Klinken. 2018. "Informality and Citizenship: the everyday state in Indonesia." Citizenship Studies 22(2).Das, Veena. 2011. ?State, citizenship, and the urban poor.? Citizenship Studies 15(3-4).Guo, Zhonghua. 2022. ?Towards de-Westernism in citizenship studies: implications from China.? Citizenship Studies 26(4-5).Martins, Vasco. 2017. ?Politics of power and hierarchies of citizenship in Angola.?, Citizenship Studies 21(1).Osaghae, Eghosa E. 2016. "Ethnicity and Contested Citizenship in Africa," in Emma Hunter, (ed.) Citizenship, Belonging, and Political Community in Africa. Ohio: Ohio University Press, 256-281.

Mbembe, A. & Sarr, F. (2017) Ecrire l?Afrique-Monde. Philippe ReyMkandawire, T. (2010) Running while others walk: knowledge and the challenge of Africa?s development [online]Olukoshi, A. (2004) Changing Patterns of Politics in Africa. Cadernos de Estudos Africanos. (5/6), 15?38Lin, J.Y. & Monga, C. (2017) Beating the Odds: Jump-starting Developing Countries. PUPMoyo, S. & Yeros, P. (2005) Reclaiming the land: The resurgence of rural movements in Africa, Asia and Latin America. Zed BooksJoão Milando (2013) Desenvolvimento e Resiliência Social Em África. Luanda, MayambaJao, M. (2015) Estratégias de vivência e de sobrevivência em contextos de crise: os Mancanhas na cidade de Bissau. Paris, Nota de RodapéEckert, A. (2017) Social Movements in Africa. In: The History of Social Movements in Global Perspective. Palgrave Macmillan, London. pp. 211?224Mamdani, M. et al. (1988) Social Movements, Social Transformation and Struggle for Democracy in Africa. Economic and Political Weekly. 23

1.Amin, S. (1990) Maldevelopment: Anatomy of a Global Failure. United Nations University Press Abdi, A.A. (2010) Globalization, culture and development: Perspectives on Africa. Journal of Alternative Perspectives in the Social Sciences. 2 (1), 1?26.2.Amin, S. (1976) Unequal Development: An Essay on the Social Formations of Peripheral Capitalism. Monthly Review Press.3.Borras, S.M. (2010) The politics of transnational agrarian movements. Development and Change. 41 (5), 771?803.4.Desmarais, A.A. (2007). La Vía Campesina: globalization and the power of peasants. Fernwood Pub.5.Edelman, M. & Wolford, W. (2017) Introduction: Critical Agrarian Studies in Theory and Practice. Antipode. 49 (4), 959?976. 6.Ellis, S.D.K. & Kessel, W.M.J. van (2009) Movers and shakers?: social movements in Africa. 2009. 257. 7.Escobar, A. (2001) Encountering Development: The Making and Unmaking of the Third World. Princeton University Press.8.Ferguson, J. (1990) The Anti-politics Machine: ?development,? Depoliticization, and Bureaucratic Power in Lesotho. U of Minnesota Press.9.Kapoor, D. (n.d.) Against Colonization and Rural Dispossession.10.Langdon, J. (2010) Contesting globalization in Ghana: communal resource defense and social movement learning. Journal of Alternative Perspectives in the Social Sciences. 2 (1), 309?339.11.Larmer, M. (2010) Social movement struggles in Africa. Review of African Political Economy. 37 (125), 251?262.12.Latouche, S. (2006) Le pari de la décroissance. Fayard.13.Lin, J.Y. (2012) The Quest for Prosperity: How Developing Economies Can Take Off. Princeton, Princeton University Press.14.Mamdani, M., Mkandawire, T. & Wamba-dia-Wamba (1988) Social Movements, Social Transformation and Struggle for Democracy in Africa. Economic and Political Weekly. 23 (19), 973?981.15.Mbembe, A. (2011) Sortir de la grande nuit: Essai sur l?Afrique décolonisée. LA DECOUVERTE.16.Mkandawire, T. (2001) Thinking About Development States in Africa. [Online]..17.Monga, C. (1999) Nihilism and Negritude: Ways of Living in Africa. Harvard University Press.18.Monga, C. (1998) The Anthropology of Anger: Civil Society and Democracy in Africa. Lynne Rienner Publishers.19.Mkandawire, P.T. & Soludo, C.C. (1999) Our Continent, Our Future: African Perspectives on Structural Adjustment. Africa World Press. 20.Mkandawire, T. (2010) How the New Poverty Agenda Neglected Social and Employment Policies in Africa. Journal of Human Development and Capabilities. 37?55.21.Mve-Ondo, B. (2017) Retrouver le sens. In: Ecrire l?Afrique-Monde. Philippe Rey. p.22.Mwaria, C.B., Federici, S. & McLaren, J. (2000) African Visions: Literary Images, Political Change, and Social Struggle in Contemporary Africa. New York, Praeger.23.Ndulo, M. & Grieco, M. (2009) Power, Gender and Social Change in Africa. Institute for African Development24.Polet, F. (2013). The State of Resistance: Popular Struggles in the Global South. Zed Books Ltd.25.Power, M. & Mohan, G. (2010) Towards a critical geopolitics of China?s engagement with African development. Geopolitics. 15 (3), 462?495.26.Rosset, P.M. & Martínez-Torres, M.E. (2012) Rural Social Movements and Agroecology: Context, Theory, and Process. Ecology and Society. 17 (3). 27.Sarr, F. (2016) Afrotopia. Philippe Rey.28.Scoones, I., Edelman, M., Jr, S.M.B., Hall, R., et al. (2017) Emancipatory rural politics: confronting authoritarian populism. The Journal of Peasant Studies. 29.Tull, D.M. (2006) China?s engagement in Africa: scope, significance and consequences. The Journal of Modern African Studies. [Online] 44 (03), 459. 30.Veltmeyer, H., Farah, I. & Ampuero, I. (2011) Herramientas para el cambio: Manual para los estudios críticos del desarrollo.31.Wood, G. (2017) Beyond colonialism: continuity, change and the modern development project. Canadian Journal of Development Studies / Revue canadienne d?études du développement. 38 (1), 3?21. 32.Gewald, J.-B., Leliveld, A., a, I.P. & Pe?a, I. (2012) Transforming Innovations in Africa: Explorative Studies on Appropriation in African Societies. BRILL.33.Grobbelaar, S., Tijssen, R. & Dijksterhuis, M. (2017) University-driven inclusive innovations in the Western Cape of South Africa: Towards a research framework of innovation regimes. African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development. 9 (1), 7?19. 34.Heyen-Perschon, J. (2001) Non-Motorised Transport and its socio-economic impact on poor households in Africa. Cost?Benefit Analysis of Bicycle Ownership in Rural Uganda. Results of an Empirical Case Study in Cooperation with FABIO/BSPW (Jinja, Uganda).35.Radjou, N. & Prabhu, J. (2015) Frugal Innovation: How to do more with less - free e-short. Profile Books.

Adebanwi, W. (Ed.) (2017). The Political Economy of Everyday Life in Africa, Beyond the Margins. Suffolk: Boydell & BrewerBeugré, C. D. (2017). Building entrepreneurial ecosystems in Sub-Saharan Africa ? A quintuple helix model. Palgrave Macmillan.Obadare, E. (Ed) (2014). The Handbook of Civil Society in Africa. New York: SpringerObadare, E. and Adebanwi, W. (Eds.) (2016). Governance and the crisis of rule in contemporary Africa. Leadership in transformation. New York: Palgrave MacmillanRodrigues Sanches, E. (Ed.) (2022). Popular Protest, Political Opportunities, and Change in Africa. London: Routledge

Módulo 1Ács, Z. J., & Varga, A. (2005). Entrepreneurship, agglomeration and technological change. Small Business Economics, 24(3), 323?334.Friederici, N., Wahome, M., & Graham, M. (2020). Digital entrepreneurship in Africa: How a continent is escaping Silicon Valley?s long shadow. The MIT Press.Gries, T., & Naudé, W. (2010). Entrepreneurship and structural economic transformation. Small Business Economics, 34, 13?29.Hessels, J., & Naudé, W. (2019). The intersection of the fields of entrepreneurship and development economics: A review towards a new view. Journal of Economic Surveys, 33(2), 389?403.Naudé, W. (2010). Entrepreneurship, developing countries, and development economics: New approaches and insights. Small Business Economics, 34, 1?12.Naudé, W. (2011). Entrepreneurship is not a binding constraint on growth and development in the poorest countries. World Development, 39(1), 33?44.Naudé, W. (2013). Entrepreneurship and economic development: Theory, evidence and policy. IZA DP No. 7507, Institute for the Study of Labor, Bonn, Germany.Módulo 2Carboni, A. and Raleigh, C. (2021). Regime cycles and political change in African autocracies. The Journal of Modern African Studies, 59(4), 415-437Dias, A. L. (2018). Uma vaga de democratização em África?. Relações Internacionais, 59, 29-42Gyimah-Boadi, E. 2015. Africa?s waning democratic commitment" Journal of Democracy, 26(1), 101-113Sá, A. L. and Sanches, E. R. (2021) The politics of autocratic survival in Equatorial Guinea: Co-optation, restrictive institutional rules, repression, and international projection. African Affairs, 120(478), 78-102Módulo 3Green, T. and Chabal, P. (2016). Guinea-Bissau: Micro-State to 'Narco State', London, Hurst Shaw, M. (2015). Drug trafficking in Guinea-Bissau, 1998?2014: The evolution of an elite protection network. The Journal of Modern African Studies, 53(3), 339-364Uzuegbu-Wilson, E. (2019). A Critical Review of Evolutionary Trends of Drug Trafficking in Guinea- Bissau Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3467484 Módulo 4Abebe, T. (2020). Lost futures? Educated youth precarity and protests in the Oromia region, Ethiopia. Children's Geographies, 18(6), 584-600 Mamdani, M., Mkandawire, T. and Wamba-dia-Wamba (1988). Social Movements, Social Transformation and Struggle for Democracy in Africa. Economic and Political Weekly, 23(19), 973-981Mateos, O. and Bajo Erro, C. (2021). Protest, Internet Activism, and Sociopolitical Change in Sub-Saharan Africa. American Behavioral Scientist, 65(4), 650-665Mueller, L. (2020). What is African About African Protests?. SAIS Review of International Affairs, 40(2), 65-75

Não se aplica/Does not apply

Não se aplica/Does not apply